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1
Content available remote Fluorescent naphthalimide dyes for polyester fibres
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EN
Several fluorescent and mostly newly-prepared dyes, derivatives of 4-aminonaphthalimide, were synthesized. The structures of the dyes prepared were confirmed by 1H NMR analysis, and their properties were characterized by thin layer chromatography (TLC) and measurement of the melting points. Fluorescence emission spectra in various solvents were measured, and the quantum & relative fluorescence yield values were determined. All the dyes prepared were used in the coloration of polyester fabrics. The fastness properties of the resultant dyeings were determined, and their chromaticity coordinates and luminance coefficient β values were measured.
PL
Szereg fluorescencyjnych barwników pochodnych 4-aminonaftalimidu zostało zsyntezowanych w dużej mierze po raz pierwszy. Strukturę otrzymanych barwników określono poprzez analizę1H NMR a ich właściwości zostały scharakteryzowane za pomocą chromatografii cienkowarstwowej (TLC) oraz poprzez pomiar temperatury topnienia. Pomierzono emisyjne spektra fluorescencji w różnych rozpuszczalnikach a następnie określono wartość względną i bezwzględną fluorescencji. Wszystkie otrzymane barwniki zostały użyte do barwienia wyrobów poliestrowych. Określono trwałość wybarwionych produktów oraz pomierzono ich współrzędne chromatyczne i współczynnik luminancji β.
3
Content available remote Wybrane zagadnienia i ćwiczenia z biofizyki [rec.]
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PL
Recenzja książki: Biofizyka. Wybrane zagadnienia z ćwiczeniami, red. nauk. Zofia Jóźwiak i Grzegorz Bartosz, Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, Warszawa 2005, s. 553.
EN
Description of the recognition specificity between proteins and nucleic acids at the level of molecular interactions is one of the most challenging tasks in biophysics. It is key to understanding the course and control of gene expression and to the application of the thus acquired knowledge in chemotherapy. This review presents experimental results of thermodynamic studies and a discussion of the role of thermodynamics in formation and stability of functional protein-RNA complexes, with a special attention to the interactions involving mRNA 5 ' cap and cap-binding proteins in the initiation of protein biosynthesis in the eukaryotic cell. A theoretical framework for analysis of the thermodynamic parameters of protein-nucleic acid association is also briefly sur­veyed. Overshadowed by more spectacular achievements in structural studies, the thermodynamic investigations are of equal importance for full comprehension of biopolymers' activity in a quantitative way. In this regard, thermodynamics gives a di­rect insight into the energetic and entropic characteristics of complex macro- molecular systems in their natural environment, aqueous solution, and thus comple­ments the structural view derived from X-ray crystallography and multidimensional NMR. Further development of the thermodynamic approach toward interpretation of recognition and binding specificity in terms of molecular biophysics requires more profound contribution from statistical mechanics.
EN
Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films formed of some discotic liquid crystals, namely 3,4,9,10-tetra-(n-alkoxy-carbonyl)-perylenes, mixed with arachid acid have been studied. The absorption and fluorescence spectra were recorded. The results obtained have led to conclusions about formation of self-aggregates of dye molecules both in ground and excited states at the air-solid substrate interface. It was found that some fraction of J-aggregates can be created in the ground state. In the excited state, mostly excimers appear and the number of this kind of aggregates depends on the length of the alkyl chains substituted to the perylene core, as well as on the dye concentration and the number of layers in LB films.
7
Content available remote Reactive Dyes for Cellulose Fibres Including UV Absorbers
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EN
Several reactive dyes derivatives of C.I. Reactive Red 198 have been prepared. Three of these dyes included additional UV-absorber systems based on 2’-hydroxy-benzotriazole. The spectrophotometric properties of the dyes obtained were measured, and their application properties on three different types of cotton fabric were examined. It was found that newly-prepared dyes could be applied to the cotton fabric by the pad dyeing method, which gives a higher dyeing efficiency than the exhaustion method. As in previous works, it was found that the type of the fabric used has a significant influence on the measured UPF value. It was found that the new products gave excellent UV protection properties to dyed textiles, although only minor improvement was observed in comparison with the reference dye.
PL
Otrzymano szereg reaktywnych barwników pochodnych C.I.Reactwe Red 198 do barwienia włókien celulozowych. Trzy z otrzymanych barwników posiadały dodatkowo układ absorbera UV z grupy pochodnych 2 '-hydroksybenzotriazolu. Wykonano badania spektrofotometryczne otrzymanych barwników, oraz zbadano ich właściwości aplikacyjne na trzech różnych rodzajach tkaniny bawełnianej. Stwierdzono, że otrzymane nowe barwniki mogą być stosowane do barwienia włókien celulozowych metodą napawania, w której uzyskuje się wyższe wydajności barwienia niż w metodzie kąpielowej. Po raz kolejny stwierdzono, że bardzo istotny wpływ na wartości ochronne tkanin przed promieniowaniem UV wywiera rodzaj użytego wyrobu włókienniczego. W wyniku przeprowadzonych badań okazało się, że nowe produkty nadają barwionym tkaninom doskonałe, ale tylko o 10% wyższe właściwości ochronne, w porównaniu z barwnikiem wzorcowym.
PL
Przeprowadzono syntezę szeregu disazowych barwników bezpośrednich zawierających w swojej cząsteczce o,o'-dihydroksyazowe układy lakotwórcze i zastosowano je do barwienia tkaniny bawełnianej, po czym wybarwienia utrwalono za pomocą soli żelaza. Otrzymane trwałości wybarwień porównano z wartościami uzyskanymi dla produktów nieutrwalanych oraz dla otrzymanych barwników modelowych - kompleksów miedzi typu 1:1 oraz kompleksów żelaza typu 1:2. Stwierdzono, że utrwalanie solami żelaza na włóknie powoduje poprawę odporności wybarwień na światło i czynniki mokre w większym stopniu niż w przypadku zastosowania gotowych kompleksów żelaza typu 1:2.
EN
The group of disazo direct dyes with o,o'-dihydroxyazo chelate system was synthesized. These dyes were used in coloration of a cellulose fabric and resulted dyeings have been aftertreated with iron salts. Fastness properties of these dyeing were estimated and compared with results obtained with the use of uncomplexed dyes and also 1:1 copper complexes and 1:2 iron complexes of the same dyes. It was found, that aftertreatment with iron salts results in the increase of lightfastness and wetfastness of the dyeings in greater extend in the comparison with the use of 1:2 iron complexes of the examined dyes.
EN
Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films formed of some fluorescent dyes, namely derivatives of 4-aminonaphthalimide, and their binary mixtures with the liquid crystal 4-heptyl-4'-cyanobiphenyl (7CB) have been studied. The electronic absorption and fluorescence spectra were recorded. On the basis of these spectra, the spectral properties of the dyes and the intermolecular interactions in ultrathin ordered films were determined. The conclusions about the tendency to the creation of aggregates by dye molecules in LB films have been drawn. The measurements of absorption by using linearly polarised light have allowed us to determine the arrangement of the dye and liquid crystal molecules on the air-solid substrate interface.
EN
The spectral and orientational properties of some dichroic fluorescent dyes (naphthalene derivatives of bicarboxylic acid) in some isotropic solvents and in an anisotropic matrix have been studied. The order parameter of the dyes in the nematogenic liquid crystal 7CB has been determined from measurements of polarized electronic absorption and fluorescence. The influence of the dye addition on the nematic-isotropic phase transition temperature of 7CB has been investigated. It was found that some of the dyes studied could be successfully utilized in guest-host liquid crystal display devices.
XX
Solution conformations, and substrate/inhibitor properties towards several phosphodiesterases and other nucleolytic enzymes, have been investigated for the cyclic phosphates of various acyclonucleosides, some with known antiviral activity, including 9-[(l,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]guanine (DHPG) and its carbocyclic congener, 9-(3,4-dihydroxybutyl)guanine (DHBG), 9-[4-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)- butyl]-guanine (2HM-HBG), and 9-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)guanine (HPG). Conformations of the cyclic phosphate rings were derived from analysis of the 1H-1H and 1H-31P vicinal coupling constants in the n.m.r. spectra, subsequently optimalized by minimalization of the internal energy. The resulting structures were examined with respect to their ability to recognize various specific phosphodiesterases and nucleases, and some structural parameters were delineated for acyclonucleotide interactions. Qualitative data are presented for inhibitory properties of the acyclonucleoside cyclic phosphates, and, in those instances where they were substrates, kinetic constants were evaluated. An unusual finding was the apparent ability of nuclease P1 to hydrolyse a five-membered cyclic phosphate ring of an acyclonucleoside.
16
Content available remote Rynek materiałów podłogowych
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