Obecnie potrzebne są metody szybkiego, dokładnego, a przede wszystkim taniego oznaczania aminokwasów w próbkach biologicznych. Do takich technik należy potencjometryczny elektroniczny język, który pozwala na rozróżnianie próbek ciekłych. W pracy przedstawiono zastosowanie potencjometrycznego elektronicznego języka do klasyfikowania 5 aminokwasów. Sprawdzono możliwość rozpoznania poszczególnych analitów w roztworach o różnych pH, a następnie wykorzystując metodę częściowych najmniejszych kwadratów (PLS) rozróżniono poszczególne aminokwasy.
EN
In the last few years medical discoveries showed that presence of amino acids can be associated with many diseases. Usually, these compounds are determined using HPLC method (high performance liquid chromatography), however, due to its noxiousness, new methods are investigated. Application of electronic tongue system can be an alternative method for fast, accurate, affordable determination of amino acids in biological samples. This device is used for analysis and classification of complex liquid samples. Its main advantage is the ability to distinguish between samples containing various components on-line, without prior sample preparation and modification. In this paper there are presented preliminary studies on the recognition of 5 amino acids (glutamic acid, alanine, serine, arginine, aspartic acid) with use of a sensor array composed of ion-selective electrodes of various selectivity. Chemical images of the samples were obtained by measuring the electrode signals in solutions of amino acids for various pH ranging from 2.5 to 11.5. The possibility of identification of individual analytes in solutions of different pH was examined with use of the Partial Least Squares Analysis.
Diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adolescent patients may be problematic, because of the broad spectrum of symptoms. Population research display heritable character. The function of dopaminergic, adrenergic, and serotoninergic systems is disordered in different ways in patients, who suffer from this disease. Purpose: The aim of this article is to show the actual view on the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in teenage patients.. Results: In the treatment of ADHD the most important thing is pedagogical therapy as well as cooperation of parents and medical crew. In some particular cases pharmacologic treatment should also be included in therapeutic process, which is described in this review. Methylphenidate is the most frequent drug used in the treatment and that is why we focused on the complex description of the substance. Conclusions: Teachers and the school responsible for teaching these children must adapt didactic methods to the severity of the disorder. It is valuable to conduct the drug in the therapy of teenagers whose parents ready to cooperate, always with psychiatric supervision. In the process of pharmacotherapy, it is crucial to include breaks, for example during vacations. Psychostimulants are highly addictive substances, which is why many researchers are uncertain about the routine prescription of methylphenidate.
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