Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Zmiennosc cech morfologicznych szyszek w drzewostanach sosnowych Karpat i Sudetow

100%

Skrzyszewski J.

Acta Agraria et Silvestria. Series Silvestris

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2001

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tom 39

97-122

EN

The paper presents the results of multivariate analysis of Scots pine cones collected in stands, which presumably originate from local sites of the Carpathian Mts. and the Sudety Mts. The aim of the study was to classify the analyzed stands to homogeneous groups in respect to cone traits. On the basis of measurements, three groups of populations in the Carpathian Mts. and the Sudety Mts. were determined: lowland (N), mountain (G) and foot-hills (P). The cones of the foot-hills pine are the biggest, the least full and have fewer long, wide and thick scales. The cones of lowland pine are the same size like ones of the foot-hills pine but they are more full and have numerous flat scales. Mountain pine forms the least cones however they are similar to the foot-hills pine in respect to dimension proportion. The foot-hills pine and mountain pine are characterized by smaller 1-year old cone setting angle in comparison with lowland pine. Distinguished morphological types are suitable for different geographical regions (given in the paper). No differences were found between pines from the Carpathian Mts, and the Sudety Mts., which were classified into the same morphological types (the foot-hills and mountains). In respect to cone morphology, Sudetic and Carpathian pine stands do not create different groups of origin. The stands where typical cones for lowland pine stands predominate (above 50%) were not found in the Sudety Mts.

2

Charakterystyka przyrostowa oraz ksztaltowanie sie zaleznosci pomiedzy wybranymi cechami drzew a przyrostem promienia na piersnicy swierka i modrzewia

100%

Skrzyszewski J.

Acta Agraria et Silvestria. Series Silvestris

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1995

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tom 33

141-158

PL

W pracy oceniono tendencję przyrostową badanych drzewostanów. Określono wpływ wybranych cech morfologicznych korony, żywotności, jakości pnia oraz masy systemu korzeniowego na wielkość 10-letniego przyrostu pola powierzchni przekroju pierśnicowego świerka i modrzewia.

EN

Increment tendencies of the investigated spruce and larch stands were estimated in the work. The effect of selected morphological traits of the crown, vitality, trunk quality, and weight of the root system on increases in the radius at diameter breast high of spruce and larch was determined. In spruce stands 15 permenent sample plots were established and dependences occuring in these stands were analysed in older age class IV and higher ones and younger (age class III) objects. In larch stands 7 study areas were located. The obtained results show that in younger spruce stands the increment is charakterized by a decreasing tendency. Older spruce trees efficiently resist the tendency to increment decreases he I o w the tabular values.

3

Charakterystyka morfologiczno-przyrostowa sosny zwyczajnej [Pinus sylvestris L.] w polskiej czesci Karpat

100%

Skrzyszewski J.

Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Rolniczej w Krakowie. Rozprawy

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2004

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nr 300

1-156

4

Ogolna charakterystyka sosen i drzewostanow sosnowych w Karpatach i Sudetach

100%

Skrzyszewski J.

Acta Agraria et Silvestria. Series Silvestris

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2001

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tom 39

63-96

EN

The studies were carried out in stands of the Carpathian Mts. and the Sudety Mts., where pine is a dominant species. The selected pine stands were probably of local origin. The aim of the studies was the characterization of chosen site and stand traits and morphology of pines on the basis of about 20 dominate pine trees. Very low cone crop and the lack of natural pine regeneration on the one hand, and cases of climax species regeneration on the other were found in the stands. Sometimes pine enclaves occupied small areas (1/3, 1/2 ha) in the studied stands. The number of pines often amounted to about 100 per ha. The studied stands were characterized by high stability (80% of trees showed the ratio of height to D.B.H. (H/D) between 45 and 80), large diversity of stem quality (36% of trees were qualified as class A), some significant heights (up to 37 m) and good vitality. When compared to the Carpathian ones, Sudetic pine stands grew on poorer sites and on average were characterized by older age, lower values of all analyzed traits (of stems, crowns and needles), lower iron content in needles, higher stem quality (81% of trees in class A in Sudetic stands, 24% of tress in class A in Carpathian stands) and better vitality. Pines from the Sudety Mts. were distinguished by the shell-shaped type of bark, which occurs very seldom in the Carpathian Mts.

5

Analiza porównawcza nadziemnej i podziemnej części drzewa na przykładzie świerka i modrzewia

100%

Skrzyszewski J.

Sylwan

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1994

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tom 138

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nr 09

71-80

6

Kryteria wyboru drzew dorodnych u swierka i modrzewia na podstawie cech drzew modelowych

100%

Skrzyszewski J.

Acta Agraria et Silvestria. Series Silvestris

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1995

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tom 33

159-166

PL

W pracy podano cechy drzewa (tzw. modelowego) warunkujące ponadprzeciętny przyrost 10-letniego pola powierzchni przekroju pierśnicowego. Określone cechy morfologiczne drzew modelowych można traktować jako pożądane dla drzew dorodnych.

EN

Traits of a so-called model tree which condition an over-theaverage increment of a 10-year field of breast high diameter cross-section, are discussed in the work. The determined morphological traits of over and above the average growing model trees may by regarded as desirable attributes of predominant trees. The investigation was carried out in spruce stands on 15 permanent sammple plots. Dependences in these stands were analysed in older (age class IV and higher ones) and younger (age class III) objects. In larch stands 7 study areas were established. On the basis of the investigation of younger spruce stands (age class III) one may claim that a predominant tree should be characterized by: the crown length of about 18 m,. the relative crown length of 55%, the crown width of 5-6 m, this corresponding to 330 trees per 1 ha in the layer of the main stand, D.B.H. exceeding the average by 9%. The above vallues ensure the increment exceeding the average by 30-40%, and also high vitality ( 10% above the average) and good trunk quality [3]. In spruce stands of age class IV the predominant tree should be characterized by: the crown length of about 21 m, the relative crown length of 50%, the crown width of 6-7 in, this corresponding about 240 trees per hectare, D.R.H. exceeding the average by about 13%. In the discussed age group most trees were characterized by slenderness coefficient approximating to 80. The above-given traits are characteristic of trees of a normal vitality. In larch stands of age class III predominant trees should be characterized by: the crown length of 12-14 m, the relative crown length of 50%, the crown width of 5 m, D.B.H exceeding the average by about 15%. In older stands (111 years of age) the relative crown length of trees of above-the-average growth was reduced by 5- 10% while the crown width increased by 3-5 m. D.B.H. exceeded the average by 6%. The trails discussed above are characteristic of trees of vigorous development and normal vitality.

7

Porownanie dynamiki przyrostu piersnicy jodly, swierka i sosny w terenach gorskich

100%

Skrzyszewski J.

Sylwan

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2002

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tom 146

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nr 07

49-56

8

Sosna zwyczajna jako gatunek domieszkowy w lasach Karpat

100%

Skrzyszewski J.

Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Rolniczej w Krakowie. Sesja Naukowa

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2002

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tom 86

321-336

9

Żywotność jodły w lasach karpackich

63%

Jaworski A. , Skrzyszewski J.

Sylwan

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1986

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tom 130

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nr 2-3

10

Ocena jakosciowa nasion sosny zwyczajnej Pinus sylvestris L. pochodzacej z wybranych stanowisk poludniowej Polski

63%

Skrzypczynska M. , Skrzyszewski J.

Sylwan

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2000

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tom 144

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nr 05

85-90

11

Dependence of Scots pine tree-rings on climatic conditions in Southern Poland (Carpatian Mts.)

63%

Wilczynski S. , Skrzyszewski J.

Electronic Journal of Polish Agricultural Universities. Series: Forestry

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2002

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tom 05

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nr 2

12

Ocena żywotności drzewostanów jodłowych w Beskidzie Sądeckim na podstawie wybranych cech przyrostowych i morfologicznych

63%

Jaworski A. , Skrzyszewski J.

Sylwan

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1987

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tom 131

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nr 07

13

Budowa, struktura i dynamika drzewostanow dolnoreglowych o charakterze pierwotnym w rezerwacie Lopuszna

63%

Jaworski A. , Skrzyszewski J.

Acta Agraria et Silvestria. Series Silvestris

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1995

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tom 33

3-37

PL

W pracy przeprodzono analizy zmian min.: zasobności, składu gatunkowego, budowy oraz struktury, jakie zaszły w latach 1981-1991 w trzech dolnoreglowych drzewostanach. Należą one do jednych z najzasobniejszych (614-742 m³/ha) pralasów w Karpatach Zachodnich. Stwierdzone zmiany składu gatunkowego wskazują na zwiększenie się udziału buka a zmniejszenie jodły i świerka.

EN

In 1981 in the area of the Łopuszna nature reserve (Gorce Mountain National Park) 3 permanent sample plots were established in the stands of the lower montane forest zone (Table 1, figs 1,2 ). 10 years later, in 1991, control measurements were carried out there in order to estimate the occurring processes desisive for the dynamics and street u re of the stands. The obtained results were compared with the data recorder both in Łopuszna in 1981 [5] and in other Carpathian primitive forests. This chiefly concerns the stand volume. The volume was calculated using 3 methods differing by the determination of the tree height. In method f the equaled curve was calculated according to Michajlov's function [10] Tor each of 3 layers of the stand, determined on basis of IUFRO classification for each species separately (from the thickness of 6 cm). In method II determination of stand volume was based on (he total volume of single trees This was possible since the height of all the trees was measured. In the case method III the height of trees was determined on the basis оf one equated curve of height of all the measured trees for each species separately. The Łopuszna I stand was characterized by the constitution and structure characteristic for (he final stages of the maturation stage and the phase of selection cutting. During the decade the stand showed an increase in volume (method I) from 586 m³/ha to 614 m³/ha (Table 2). Although the two remaining stands represented an optimum stage with the phases of ageing and regeneration, they showed a different tendency in the development of the growing stock. In the Łopuszna III stand a decrease in the volume from 752 m³/ha to 742 m³/ha was typical for the stage and phase mentioned above. In the Łopuszna II stand the volume increased from 677 m3/ha to 694 m³/ha (Table 2) (cf also Tables 3, 4, 5, and 6). In the investigated forests spruce found the best conditions of growth expressed by the index of stand quality classification (index I-II/III), followed by fir (I/II-III), while beech found the poorest conditions (III) (Table 1). The share of beech rose in the all the sample plots, this concerning both the number of trees and their volume. With respect to voluminal share the Łopuszna I and II stands became beech forests (the share of beech amunting to 82 and 79%) with an admixture of fir (8,1% and 12%) and spruce (10% and 9%) (Table 2). In the Łopuszna II plot a fir-beech-spruce stand developed (Table 2) with the voluminal share of fir and spruce diminishing (Table 2). The Łopuszna I stand developed the distribution of diameters at breast height with a modal value at the beginning of the system and a type I(J) Pearsons's curve (fig. 3, Table 7). In Pearson's aspect the same structure of the distribution of diameters but with two modal values developed in the Łopuszna III plot (fig. 8, Table 7). The natural stand reconstruction occurring in the Łopuszna 11 plot, associated with the intense invasion of beech, was manifested by a characteristic distribution of diameters which was a combination of the normal distribution (an overmature stand of basically one-storied constitution) with an addition of a generation of the invading ingrowth chiefly composed of beech (Table 7, fig. 7) (cf also figs 4, 5, and 6). The greatest differentiation on tree height expressed by the variability coefficients (Table 8) was found in the Łopuszna I stand (0.41) and a slightly smaller ones in the alike stands of Łopuszna II (0-35) and Łopuszna III (0.33) (cf also figs 9-15, Tables 10, 11, and 12). Analysis of deadwood (Table 9) carried out in 1991 showed that in this respect fir dominated in the Łopuszna If plot (69.6% of the total volume of standing deadwood), beech in Łopuszna I (42.6%), and spruce in Łopuszna III (44.8%) (Table 10) (also cf Tables 11 and 12). The estimate of tree quality showed a considerable part of usable assortment corresponding to sawmill timber (categories A + R + C) (Table 13). Trees of these categories constituted 63.2%, 82.6%, and 76. 3% of the total number of trees in the given layer on plots I, II, and III, respectively. Spruce showed the best quality on plots 1 and II and fir on plot 111 (Table 13). In respect of this trait beech was found inferior as compared with the above two species. In the upper layer of the stand the quality of beech trunks (categories A + B) depends upon the density of the forest (number of trees, with the share of beech prevailing) on two sample plots (Table 13). Data concerning the regeneration are given in Tables 14 and 15. A very small share of younger and older fir upgrowth (from the height оf 0.5 m to D В H. of 5.9 em) and a sporadic occurrence of higher upgrowth (d1.3 6.0-7.9 em) in the stand is striking. The results of investigation permitted to formulate the following conclusions: Besides the a stands of the Mount Babia Góra region, the investigated forests are among the Carpathian forests of virgin character where the greatest growing stock is encountered. The optimum conditions of growth of the Carpathian beech community were found in the Gorce rang. Analysis of stand volume, deadwood volume, lying trees, regeneration, and the dynamics of these traits suggest changes occurring in the Species composition, i.e. an increase in the share of beech and the diminishing percentage of fir and spruce. This observation was also made in a different part оf the Carpathians. The losses in fir populations associated with its decline and with the grazing on its new growth and upgrowth may result in the disappearance of this species from the Carpathian lower mountain forest zone. The method used in the work of determining the stand quality classification on the basis of upper height, is an objective measure of the growth potential of the investigated tree species.

14

Wplyw zroznicowania mikrosiedliskowego boru swiezego na liczebnosc odnowienia naturalnego sosny zwyczajnej [Pinus sylvestris L.]

63%

Gmyz R. , Skrzyszewski J.

Sylwan

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2010

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tom 154

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nr 03

173-181

15

Przyrost i wzrost nadziemnej i podziemnej czesci podrostow jodlowych w Nadlesnictwie Piotrkow Trybunalski

63%

Skrzyszewski J. , Taranowski R.

Sylwan

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2010

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tom 154

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nr 07

488-498

16

Species conversion of spruce stands in the Wisła Forest District

63%

Skrzyszewski J. , Skrzyszewska K.

Dendrobiology

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2004

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tom 51 Supplement

EN

The paper provides some guidelines on the choice of the target species compositions for plantations that would replace monocultural spruce stands growing on the sites of the Silesian Beskid Mts. Part of the guidelines relates to the rules governing the sequence in which the monocultures will be converted into mixed stands. It is suggested that those rules should be combined with the principles of the establishment of progenyplantations. The seed stands of the Istebna spruce are experimentally divided into four categories according to their abilityto perform the function of a seed stand. The following features of the stands are analysed: vitality, density, stage of regeneration, protective and cultural functions. The paper contains also an outline of the methods of species conversion and the relevant references.

17

Zawartość siarki, niektórych metali ciężkich i makroskładników w drewnie oraz ich wpływ na żywotność jodeł

63%

Jaworski A. , Skrzyszewski J.

Acta Agraria et Silvestria. Series Silvestris

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1989

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tom 28

18

Analiza porównawcza nadziemnej i podziemnej części podrostów jodłowych wzrastających w różnych warunkach oświetlenia

63%

Skrzyszewski J. , Gomolka M.

Sylwan

|

1998

|

tom 142

|

nr 01

83-91

19

Przyrost i wzrost nadziemnej i podziemnej czesci podrostow jodlowych

63%

Skrzyszewski J. , Szczygiel P.

Sylwan

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2002

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tom 146

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nr 06

41-49

20

Zawartość siarki, niektórych metali ciężkich i makroskładników w aparacie asymilacyjnym oraz ich wpływ na żywotność jodeł

63%

Jaworski A. , Skrzyszewski J.

Acta Agraria et Silvestria. Series Silvestris

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1988

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tom 27