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6-Benzylaminopurine affects lipid peroxidation and membrane permeability and thereby preserves curd quality and antioxidants during storage of cauliflower

100%

Siddiqui M. W. , Singh J. P. , Nayyer M. A. , Barman K. , Ahmad M. S. , Kumar V.

tom 37

nr 05

Cauliflower curd has a relatively short postharvest life and develops unpleasant odour and browning within a short period. A few low-temperaturelinked attempts, with limited success, have been made. However, in most of the countries, it is not stored under cold temperature at practical levels. On the other hand, no study has been carried out to assess the senescence-related changes in cauliflower during postharvest storage. In this study, fresh cauliflower curds were treated with 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) at three concentrations (100, 200, or 300 ppm w/v) and its effects on lipid peroxidation, membrane integrity, bioactive molecules, antioxidant activity, soluble sugar, etc. were observed during storage at ambient conditions. BAP profoundly delayed lipid peroxidation and loss of membrane integrity of the tissue, which was associated with the ageing and senescence processes. A positive effect of BAP on maintaining higher bioactive molecules (ascorbic acid and total phenols), antioxidant activity, and soluble sugar was also observed, which was decreased in control curds. A correlation among different quality parameters was also calculated. The results suggested that the maximum storability period for control curds was 6 days, while BAP treated (200 and 300 ppm) curds could be stored with optimal quality and enhanced antioxidant activity up to 12 days at 25 °C.

Quantitative determination of lethal concentration Lc50 of atrazine on biochemical parameters; total protein and serum albumin of freshwater fish grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)

84%

Khan A. , Shah S. , Muhammad N. , Khan M. S. , Ahmad M. S. , Farooq M. , Adnan M. , Jawad S. M. , Ullah H. , Yousafzai A. M.

2016

tom 25

nr 4

The indiscriminate use of herbicides has led to the contamination of water bodies, possibly affecting the health of aquatic biota, especially fish. Atrazine is considered as toxicants for aquatic fauna, due to its high persistence in soil, high half-life and high mobility toward aquatic bodies as well as high solubility in water. The objective of the present study was to determine (LC50) and to evaluate the acute and chronic toxicity of atrazine on the biochemical parameters; total protein and serum albumin of freshwater grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). Above 15 μlL⁻¹, the LC50 was recorded revealing sensitivity of grass carp to atrazine. Grass carp was exposed to atrazine for 01 (15 μlL⁻¹), 02 (13 μlL⁻¹), 03 (10 μlL⁻¹), and 04 (08 μlL⁻¹) days/concentration for scrutinizing acute toxicity. Likewise, fish were exposed to atrazine for 10 (06 μlL⁻¹), 15 (04 μlL⁻¹), and 25 (02 μlL⁻¹) days/concentration for scrutinizing chronic toxicity. Control group concentration was 8.3 gL⁻¹ and 3.5 gL⁻¹. Total protein concentration observed for acute toxicity was 7.5 gL⁻¹, 6.5 gL⁻¹, 4.6 gL⁻¹, and 3.2 g/L and serum albumin concentration was 2.7 gL⁻¹, 1.6 gL⁻¹, 1.4 gL⁻¹, and 1.1 gL⁻¹ respectively. Similarly total protein concentration observed for chronic toxicity was 8.2 gL⁻¹, 6.8 gL⁻¹, and 4.3 gL⁻¹ and serum albumin concentration was 2.1 gL⁻¹, 1.7 gL⁻¹, and 1.4 gL⁻¹ respectively. Markedly decline (denoted by P<0.05, P≤0.01 and P≤0.001) was noticed in both the parameters concentration during acute as well as chronic toxicity, when compared with control group concentration, indicating negatively impinge of atrazine on grass carp as well as atrazine present in aquatic bodies must jeopardize the health of other aquatic fauna.

Enzymatic profile aactivity of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) after exposure to the pollutant named atrazine (herbicide)

84%

Khan A. , Yousafzai A. M. , Shah N. , Muhammad , Ahmad M. S. , Farooq M. , Aziz F. , Adnan M. , Rizwan M. , Jawad S. M.

2016

tom 25

nr 5

The present study contemplates the enzymatic profile of grass carp, including lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatinine phosphokinases (CPK), serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), and alkaline phosphatase (Alk Phosp) under atrazine’s acute toxicity effects (LC50) for 01 (15 μl/L), 02 (13 μl/L), 03 (10 μl/L), and 04 (08 μl/L) days/concentration, respectively. For analyzing the enzymatic profile we followed the biochemical analyzer set protocol (Merck micro lab 300 biochemistry analyzer) in the laboratory. Control group concentrations for LDH, CPK, SGPT, and Alk Phosp were 342 IU/ml, 7513.3 IU/ml, 46 mmol/l, and 126.6 IU/ml, respectively. After treatment LDH concentrations were 906, 851, 765, and 545 IU/ml, respectively. CPK concentrations were 1,737, 2,445, 3,718, and 5,767 IU/ml, respectively. SGPT concentrations were 27, 24.3, 13.67, and 8.67, respectively, and Alk Phosp concentrations were 50.3, 30, 22.3, and 17.6 IU/ml, respectively. Maximum inclined (P≤0.001) in concentration of LDH was observed after 24 hrs exposure because of hepatic tissue damage, resulting in increased membrane permeability causing enhanced leaching out of LDH and as LDH participates in an anaerobic pathway, so increase LDH mean increases of anaerobic metabolism resulting from depletion of energy under environmental stress conditions by atrazine, while other enzymatic components like CPK, SGPT, and Alk Phosp showed kindred attributes in their result, like all parameter concentrations showed perpetual decline (P≤0.001) in their concentrations indicating reduced enzymatic activity due to a reduction in permeability for these enzymes, forcing the enzymes to accumulate in the cells as well as decrease in enzyme synthesis due to intoxication of atrazine.