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1 Acta Physiologiae Plantarum

1 2008

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Gas exchanges and yield responses of mungbean (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek) genotypes differing in flooding tolerance

100%

Islam M. R. , Hamid A. , Karim M. A. , Haque M. M. , Khaliq Q. A. , Ahmed J. U.

nr 5

Flooding-induced changes in leaf gas exchanges, grain yield, and yield-related parameters of mungbean were evaluated employing two flood-tolerant (GK48 and VC3945A) and one flood-susceptible (Vo1982A-G) genotypes. Three flooding regimes viz. 1, 3 and 7-day were imposed at vegetative, flowering, and pod-fill stages. Flooding caused a drastic reduction in photosynthesis rates (Pn), irrespective of flooding duration. However, the flooded plants recovered Pn to a large extent depending on genotypes. Used genotypes showed a significant variation in Pn during and after flooding. Post-flooding recovery in Pn of GK48 and VC3945A was more pronounced at the vegetative and flowering stages than the pod-fill stage. At the pod-fill stage, only plants of GK48 survived when flooding prolonged for 7 days. Flooded plants showed higher intercellular CO2 concentrations (Ci), and reduced stomatal conductance (gs). However, during recovery, Pn increased significantly along with reduced Ci in flood-tolerant GK48 and VC3945A genotypes. In contrast, Ci remained high and Pn recovery was minimal in floodsusceptible Vo1982A-G genotype. This implies that mesophyll tolerance rather than stomatal factor might be the major limitation of Pn recovery in a susceptible genotype. Very weak relationship between Pn and transpiration rate (Tr) indicated low water use efficiency (WUE) in flooded plants, but subsequent recovery of both the parameters, suggesting higher WUE, particularly in tolerant genotypes. Seed yield of mungbean was the product of number of pods per plant and seed size, and longer the flooding period, the lower were the pods per plant at the flowering and pod-fill stage. Flooding reduced seed yield in all the three genotypes, but the extent of reduction was much less in flood-tolerant GK48 and VC3945A. Higher yield of flood-tolerant genotypes may be attributed to the rapid recovery of leaf gas exchanges.