Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

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Torfowiska - zagrożenia i ochrona

100%

Karlinski L.

Aura

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2019

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nr 10

PL

Torfowiska są istotnym elementem krajobrazu przyrodniczego i kulturowego Europy. Jednak nasza wiedza o torfowiskach i ich biologii pozostaje nadal pełna luk i wymaga znaczącego pogłębienia w celu sprawniejszej ochrony tych unikatowych ekosystemów. Rola torfowisk wzrasta szczególnie w obliczu zachodzących zmian klimatycznych. Znaczne zmniejszenie powierzchni i rozdrobnienie niegdyś szeroko rozpowszechnionych torfowisk w Europie rzutuje na zwiększenie ich podatności na procesy degradacyjne, których skutkiem jest m. in. większa emisja gazów cieplarnianych do atmosfery. Rosnąca świadomość negatywnych zmian w środowisku sprawia, że coraz częściej agendy państwowe i społeczne podejmują działania ochronne oraz renaturyzacyjne torfowisk, a w niektórych państwach nawet tworzone są nowe, sztuczne mokradła. Jak wykazuje dotychczasowa praktyka, są to często działania trudne, niekiedy bardzo kosztowne i wymagające uwzględnienia szeregu czynników środowiskowych oraz społecznych, ale bardzo potrzebne w obliczu zachodzących zmian klimatycznych

EN

Peatlands are an important element of the natural and cultural landscape of Europe. Their role is particularly increasing in the context of the climate changes. Peatlands once widespread in Europe, have disappeared in large part by human activities. Significant reduction and fragmentation of peat bog areas lead to increase of their vulnerability to degradation processes in the environment and the increased release of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. The growing public awareness of environmental issue determine the more often undertaken activities of protection and restoration of peatlands, as well as the construction of new artificial wetlands. As shown by the current practice, the protection and restoration of peatlands are often difficult, sometimes costly and require taking into account a number of factors. Our knowledge of peatlands and their biology is still fragmentary and there is strong need of further studies for more efficient protection of peatlands

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Diversity of spruce ectomycorrhizal morphotypes in four mature forest stands in Poland

63%

Karlinski L. , Kieliszewska-Rokicka B.

Dendrobiology

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2004

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tom 51

25-35

EN

Ectomycorrhizal communities structure of Norway spruce (Picea abies L. (Karst.) was studied in four mature forest stands: Brenna, Salmopol, Zwierzyniec and Mirachowo. Morphological classification was used to distinguish the major mycorrhizal types associated with spruce in different forest types. Three of the foreststands were located within the natural geographical range of Norway spruce (Brenna, Salmopol, Zwierzyniec) and one (Mirachowo) was located in so-called “spruce-less zone”. The sites differed in terms of environmental pollution. The mountain sites (Brenna, Salmopol) were characterized by relatively high levels of air pollution. The upland forest stand (Zwierzyniec), located in the southeastern part of Poland, was affected by a moderate pollution. The lowland stand in northern Poland (Mirachowo) was free from direct impact of anthropogenic pollution. The level of mycorrhizal colonization was 100% at all the study sites. Thirty-seven mycorrhizal morphotypes were distinguished in total. The number of ectomycorrhizal morphotypes varied between sites from 12 in Salmopol to 28 in Zwierzyniec. From one to three dominant morphotypes were found at the study site. Site-specific morhotypes were also observed. The frequency of mycorrhizal morphotypes differed between the forest stands.

3

Relationship between host genotype, soil environment and mycorrhizal symbiosis of poplars

63%

Karlinski L. , Rudawska M.

Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae

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2010

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tom 79

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nr Suppl.1

4

In vitro cultures of Populus × canescens inoculated with various strains of ectomycorrhizal Paxillus involutus fungi under lead ion stress

51%

Szuba A. , Karlinski L. , Hazubska-Przybyl T. , Mucha J.

BioTechnologia. Journal of Biotechnology Computational Biology and Bionanotechnology

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2015

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tom 96

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nr 1

5

Zroznicowanie sosny zwyczajnej [Pinus sylvestris L.] w Wielkopolskim Parku Narodowym na podstawie cech morfologicznych igiel

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Urbaniak L. , Karlinski L. , Kubis A. , Grzebyta J.

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nr 07

41-52

6

Biomass of external mycelium of ectomycorrhizal fungi in Norway spruce stands in Poland

51%

Karlinski L. , Rudawska M. , Leski T. , Kieliszewska-Rokicka B.

Acta Mycologica

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2015

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tom 50

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nr 1

EN

Biomass of extramatrical mycorrhizal mycelium (EMM) was examined under canopies of mature Norway spruce trees grown in different forest stands in Poland. Two mountain forest sites (Brenna and Salmopol), one upland site (Zwierzyniec) and one lowland site (Mirachowo) have been investigated, using sand-filled mesh-bags method. The in-grow mesh-bags were buried in the soil for 12 months (since October up to the next October) or for 4 months (since June up to October) at four depths at each site: 5, 15, 30 and 45 cm (Brenna and Salmopol) or 60 cm (Zwierzyniec and Mirachowo). The mycelium biomass was estimated from the ergosterol content determined in the mesh-bags. The results indicated significant differences in EMM production and their vertical distribution between the mountain and the upland and lowland forest sites. The lowest EMM biomass was found at the experimental plot in the mountainious site Brenna. Considerable decrease of EMM biomass with the soil depth was recorded after 12 months of the mesh-bags incubation in soil in the upland and lowland sites, while in the mountain forests decrease of the EMM biomass in the lower soil depths diminished more gradually EMM biomass determined in the mesh-bags placed in soil at the upper 5 and 15 cm tended to be higher after 4 months than after 12 months of incubation period. Such results suggest that the time necessary for evaluation of EMM biomass in soil may be limited to the summer–autumn months, when the production of EMM is the highest. Variable stress factors can influence decreased ectomycorrhizal mycelium production and/or their destruction. Further research in different forest types and regions are needed for better understanding factors determining EMM biomass production and surviving in soil.

7

Variation of morphological needle characters of Scots pine [Pinus sylvestris L.] populations in different habitats

51%

Urbaniak L. , Karlinski L. , Popielarz R.

Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae

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2003

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tom 72

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nr 1

EN

We investigated the phenotypic variation of five morphological needle characters of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) in three populations. Two of the populations occurred in bogs and the third one formed a degraded fresh pine forest showing some features of a dry pine forest. The greatest variation was found in characters a (needle length), b and d, denoting the number of stomatal rows respectively on the convex and flat sides of the needle. Conversely, characters c and e (average number of stomata per 2 mm of needle length on the convex and the flat side of the needle) were stable, with little interindividual variation. The two bog populations and the dryland population exhibited different sets of character correlations. The interpopulation differentiational detected on the basis of morphological character expression was markedly influenced by both the different edaphic conditions, and the distinct genetic structure of the studied populations.

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Preliminary studies of fungi in the Biebrza National Park (NE Poland). II. Macromycetes

26%

Kujawa A. , Wrzosek M. , Domian G. , Kedra K. , Szkodzik J. , Rudawska M. , Leski T. , Karlinski L. , Pietras M. , Gierczyk B. , Dynowska M. , Slusarczyk D. , Kalucka I. , Lawrynowicz M.

Acta Mycologica

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2012

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tom 47

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nr 2

EN

This paper presents the second part of the results of the first short-term inventory of fungi species occurring in the Biebrza National Park and is focused on a survey of macrofungi. The total number of macrofungi found during the survey in late August 2012 was 289 taxa: 17 ascomycetes and 272 basidiomycetes, inhabiting diverse ecological niches. The identified fungi belonged to ectomycorrhizal symbionts and saprobionts decomposing wood, plant litter and animal remnants. The identity of 25 mycorrhizal fungi species has been confirmed using molecular techniques. Five species are newly reported for Poland (Amanita olivaceogrisea, Lepiota lepida, Stropharia alcis, Xerocomus fennicus, X. cisalpinus) and 225 taxa (79 %) were not known in the Biebrza National Park. Fifty nine species are endangered in Poland, of which nine species are protected by law. Data on species richness and the taxonomic diversity of the identified fungi are briefly commented in terms of their significance for nature conservation and future research.

PL

Prezentowane dane są wynikiem badań prowadzonych w dniach od 28 sierpnia do 1 września 2012 w ramach sesji terenowej Polskiego Towarzystwa Mykologicznego. Celem była wstępna inwentaryzacja grzybów wielkoowocnikowych występujących na terenie Biebrzańskiego Parku Narodowego (BbPN), terenu niemal zupełnie nie poznanego pod względem mykobioty. W artykule zamieszczono wykaz zidentyfikowanych 289 taksonów (gatunków, odmian i form) grzybów workowych i podstawkowych. Wśród znalezionych gatunków są grzyby bardzo rzadkie, znane z zaledwie jednego lub kilku stanowisk w Polsce (16 gatunków), a także wykazane w literaturze z Polski po raz pierwszy (5) oraz zagrożone i objęte ochroną (59), w tym Phellodon confluens – uznawany za wymarły. Jak wskazano w części pierwszej artykułu (Ruszkiewicz-Michalska et al. 2012), badania przeprowadzone w BbPN są pierwszymi z planowanego przez Polskie Towarzystwo Mykologiczne cyklu inwentaryzacji w obiektach objętych różnymi formami ochrony. W wielu takich obiektach (parkach narodowych, rezerwatach, parkach krajobrazowych oraz obszarach Natura 2000) brak jest danych mykologicznych lub są fragmentaryczne albo wymagające aktualizacji. Podstawową przesłanką do prowadzenia badań inwentaryzacyjnych jest potrzeba uwzględniania grzybów w polityce ochrony przyrody, zarówno na obszarze parków narodowych, jak i w szerszej skali.

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Preliminary studies of fungi in the Biebrza National Park. Part IV. Macromycetes - new data and the synthesis

26%

Kujawa A. , Gierczyk B. , Domian G. , Wrzosek M. , Stasinska M. , Szkodzik J. , Leski T. , Karlinski L. , Pietras M. , Dynowska M. , Henel A. , Slusarczyk D. , Kubiak D.

Acta Mycologica

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2015

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tom 50

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nr 2

EN

The paper presents the last part of the results of the short-term inventory of fungi species in the Biebrza National Park and synthesises all the data gathered during two surveys, including the information published by other authors. The main body of research is focused on a survey of macrofungi identified with morphologybased methods. In case of some specimens molecular technics have been applied. In total 346 macrofungal taxa (21 belonging to ascomycetes and 325 to basidiomycetes) were found during the survey, including 186 species unobserved during the previous inventory in 2012. As a result of previous and ongoing studies, the current number of macrofungi recorded from the Biebrza National Park reached 508 species. Among them eight taxa are newly reported for Poland (Conocybe velutipes var. nitrophila, Entoloma caeruleum, E. plebejoides, Inocybe rennyi, I. vulpinella, Pholiota pityrodes, Pholiotina utricystidiata, and Tomentella pilosa). The next seven species (Bovista paludosa, Fistulina hepatica, Ganoderma lucidum, Geastrum schmidelii, Inonotus obliquus, Tulostoma kotlabae, and Xerocomus parasiticus) are protected by law and 95 species belong to red-listed species. The results of two intensive, but relatively short-term survey clearly indicate the Biebrza National Park as a hot spot of macrofungi and suggest the need to undertake extended and regular inventories also in other Polish national parks.