The research of medieval sacral buildings has been confronted with the question, why there are remains of high-quality mural paintings, consecration crosses, altars and tabernacles in the sacristies of some churches, or why some sacristies are characterised by unusual construction forms. These cases don´t seem to correspond to our current perception of sacristies. Yet, they indicate that medieval sacristies were not service premises but also could have other purposes, which were almost forgotten and only gradually became a subject of systematic research. The paper is the first to summarise basic information on medieval sacristies in the territory of Slovakia.
Although the parish church is a frequent concept in domestic medievalist literature, it remains mainly within the framework of somewhat stereotypical ideas about the development of church organisation. Absent is a deeper reflection on what the parish church and the parish meant or could have meant in the different sections of the medieval period. At the same time, this is an interdisciplinary problem that affects art-historical research in many ways. The following text aims to offer a stimulus to such reflection. The first part of the paper outlines a brief view of the parish church as an institution that has been the subject of a long journey of historical development but which, despite its fundamental influence on the lives of people of all social groups, remained without a generally binding ecclesiastical-legal definition until the publication of the Code of Canon Law in 1983. The second part focuses on the issue of parish and branch churches. Many of these needed a justifying cause for their establishment, which most often was the long journey to an existing parish church. Specific examples are used to illustrate the highly differentiated functional content and interrelationships of the churches forming the so-called lower church organisation, i.e., the parish system. The intention is to show that this differentiated functional content is combined with an undefined period terminology, which ultimately also influences the archaeological and architectural-historical interpretations of the individual objects.
In the middle ages, Clarissine monasteries only existed in two places of what is the present-day Slovakia – in Bratislava and Trnava, The present study summarizes and analyses the current knowledge of the architectural development of both monasteries in middle ages. Particular attention is paid to the process by which the monasteries were established, the interpretation of which has a significant impact on the interpretation of the initial stages of construction of the monasteries as well as their artistic and historical evaluation.
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