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Media Capture and Perspectives for Media Development in a Fragile Media System. Debating Journalistic Roles in Guinea‑Bissau

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Mack J.

Central European Journal of Communication

2024

tom 17

nr 2(36)

204-222

Guinea‑Bissau’s media have negotiated their roles and freedoms within the postcolonial national construct since its official independence from Portugal in 1974. While the current media landscape is relatively pluralistic, journalists experience constraints from various sides: political pressures, unaccommodating regulations, lack of resources. The concept of media capture (Mungiu‑Pippidi & Ghinea, 2012; Mabweazara et al., 2020; Schiffrin, 2021) allows the analysis of complex, subtle and structural constraints limiting media’s ability to fulfil their roles. This paper traces the phenomenon on the macro level (context), meso level (organizations) and micro level (journalists) in Guinea‑Bissau to interrogate how the concept plays out in a context shaped by fragility. The article draws on a literature review, official documents and semi-structured interviews. Following Dugmore’s (2022) idea of precarity as an endogenous condition in many Sub‑Saharan contexts, this paper argues that capture is engrained in a fragile system rather than being an exception or disruption.

Migration Coverage in Europe, Russia and the United States

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Kreutler M. , Fengler S. , Asadi N. , Bodrunova S. , Budivska H. , Diop L. , Ertz G. , Gigola D. , Katus E. , Kovacs D. , Kuś M. , Láb F. , Litvinenko A. , Mack J. , Maier S. , Pinto Martinho A. , Matei A. , Miller K. C. , Oppermann L. , Pérez Vara E. , Polyák G. , Ravisankar R. , Rodríguez Pérez C. , Semova D. J. , Skleparis D. , Splendore S. , Štefaniková S. , Szynol A. , Telo D. , Zguri R.

tom 15

nr 2(31)

202-226

Six years after the so-called ‘refugee crisis’ in 2015, the European Union remains divided on questions of migration and asylum policy. The issue also remains high on the agendas of the USA and Russia, two other key destination countries with immigration from Latin America and the Post-Soviet space. This article presents results from a comparative study of news coverage in 17 countries, focusing on 10 EU member states in Western and Central Eastern Europe (CEE), the USA and Russia. The intensity of coverage was remarkably different, with Hungary’s and Germany’s media standing out while Russian media displayed relatively low levels of coverage. Individual migrants and refugees were most visible in the two outlets from the USA. Media in CEE countries tended towards a more critical approach than media in Western Europe. However, differences between most countries’ pairs of analyzed media outlets indicate a more pluralistic debate than frequently assumed.