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1
Content available Les puschts, les bardaches, les « almées… mâles » : une caricature de la femme orientale ou un autre rêve d’Orient ?
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Sokołowicz M.
Quêtes littéraires
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2020
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nr 10
EN
The present paper focuses on some representations of male Oriental dancers who dance dressed as women. It tries to answer the question whether those representations form a caricature of the Oriental woman or if it is another, perverse, Oriental dream. The first part of the paper presents the Oriental male dancer and shows how he was perceived in the Middle East and in Europe. The second part discusses the critics of male dancers’ behaviour in the travelogues by Jean Potocki and Vivant Denon. The three following sections analyse three examples of descriptions dating from the 1840-1850 by Gérard de Nerval, Gustave Flaubert and Théophile Gautier. It turns out that, with time, the caricature becomes less obvious and the descriptions are more and more aesthetic. One can no longer only mock and condemn the male dancers, a new perverse dream seems to be born.
FR
La contribution analyse quelques représentations des danseurs orientaux qui dansent habillés en femmes et cherche à répondre à la question de savoir si ces représentations forment une caricature de la femme orientale ou s'il s'agit d'un autre rêve pervers d'Orient. La première partie présente la danseuse mâle et montre sa perception en Orient et en Europe. La seconde partie évoque la critique du comportement des danseuses mâles présente dans les relations de voyage de Jean Potocki et de Vivant Denon. Les trois dernières parties analysent trois descriptions datant des années 1840-1850, créées par Gérard de Nerval, Gustave Flaubert et Théophile Gautier. Il s'avère qu'avec le temps, la caricature devient moins évidente qu'auparavant et les descriptions s'esthétisent. Il n'est plus possible de ne faire que se moquer des danseuses mâles ou les condamner. Un nouveau rêve pervers d'Orient semble faire son émergence.
2
Content available « Smara, ville de nos illusions ». Les carnets de route de Michel Vieuchange en tant qu’autobiogéographie
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Sokołowicz M.
Studia Romanica Posnaniensia
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2023
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tom 50
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nr 1
69-82
EN
The present paper focuses on the travel notes by Michel Vieuchange (1904-1930), a young Frenchman who decided to reach Smara, a holy Muslim city located in the middle of the desert, to describe it, and to e term used by Michel Collot means telling your life through the places that has affected you. In the case of Vieuchange’s notes the geographical descriptions intervene with the description of the personality of the traveler and form a whole. The paper shows that three cities, Tiznit, Tigilit and Smara, mark three stages of the travel and correspond to different aspects of Vieuchange’s personality.
3
Content available Bać się czy obawy budzić? Uczucie strachu w Historyi rozbicia się i niewoli Pana Brysson
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Sokołowicz M.
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Litteraria Romanica
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2022
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tom 17
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nr 2
205-216
EN
The present paper focuses of the feeling of fear described in A Historical Narrative Of The Shipwreck And Captivity Of Mr. De Brisson (1789) written by a French colonial officer who – in 1785, on his way to Senegal – shipwrecked and then spent 14 months in captivity of African tribes living on the borders of the kingdom of Morocco before convincing his masters to accompany him to Mogador and exchange for a ransom. Given the theme of the book, the fear plays an important role in the text. Yet – contrary to expectations – Brisson is rarely afraid, unlike other Europeans who survived the shipwreck and – what is more – he manages to inspire fear among Moroccan tribes. The paper is divided into three parts. The first shows how Brisson talks about his own fears. The second indicates how he portrays the fear of other Europeans and the third one focuses on the fear Brisson causes among nomads.
FR
Le présent article se concentre sur le sentiment de peur dans l’Histoire du naufrage et de la captivité de M. de Brisson (1789) écrite par l’officier de l’administration coloniale française qui – en 1785, lors de son voyage au Sénégal – subit un naufrage et passa 14 mois en captivité en tant qu’esclave d’une des tribus africaines nomades vivant aux confins du royaume du Maroc avant de convaincre ses maîtres de l’accompagner à Mogador et l’échanger contre une rançon. Vu la thématique du livre, la peur y joue un rôle important. Pourtant, contrairement aux attentes, Brisson a rarement peur. Ce sont plutôt d’autres naufragés qui sont tout le temps terrifiés. En outre, Brisson inspire la peur chez les tribus marocaines. L’article est divisé en trois parties. La première présente la façon dont Brisson parle de ses propres craintes. La deuxième montre comment il dépeint la peur des autres Européens et la troisième se concentre sur l’effroi que Brisson provoque chez les nomades.
4
Content available «L’illusion du jardin décevant». L’écriture de la crise dans les Jardins maures d’Aline Réveillaud de Lens
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Sokołowicz M.
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Litteraria Romanica
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2022
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tom 17
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nr 1
51-65
EN
The aim of this contribution is to answer the question of why in Jardin maures [Moorish Gardens], a collection of short stories written by a French writer and painter of the colonial era, Aline Réveillaud de Lens (1881-1925), the imaginary of the garden intervenes with that of the crisis. Are we simply dealing with the crisis of the garden understood as an Edenic place or are we faced in those short stories with other crises that the writer evokes by using this incongruous union of the garden and the crisis? To answer these questions, we have divided our paper into three parts. The first will briefly introduce the writer and the collection. The second will show that the crisis of the garden may denounce some crises of Muslim society and the third part will describe the crisis of the garden as the crisis of a certain dream.
FR
Le but de cette contribution est de répondre à la question de savoir pourquoi dans les Jardins maures, cycle de nouvelles de l’écrivaine et peintre française de l’époque coloniale, Aline Réveillaud de Lens (1881-1925), l’imaginaire du jardin s’unit à celui de la crise. Avons-nous affaire tout simplement à la crise du jardin compris comme un espace paradisiaque ou s’agit-t-il d’autres crises encore que l’écrivaine évoque en se servant de cette union incongrue du jardin et de la crise ? Pour répondre à ces questions, nous avons divisé notre article en trois parties. La première présentera brièvement l’écrivaine et le cycle. La deuxième montrera que le jardin en crise peut cacher des crises propres à la société musulmane et la troisième décrira le jardin en crise comme la crise d’un certain rêve.
5
Content available « L’île de Beauté » qui est maudite Le pervers rêve corse de Prosper Mérimée
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Sokołowicz M.
Romanica Silesiana
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2015
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tom 10
FR
The article describes the vision of Corsica emerging from the works of Prosper Mérimée. Known for its picturesque landscapes and the vendetta practiced by its inhabitants, the island became a popular literary motif already in the second half of 18th century. However, Mérimée copes with this “Corsican myth” in a very original way. By deriding the boredom of many young Europeans of his times, he makes them fascinated with the savage island, to really terrify them, afterwards, with its terrible cruelty. Moreover, those who want to forget this traumatic Corsican experience do not manage to do it as the perverse dream has made them addicted to its cursed beauty. Key words: Mérimée, Corse, boredom, Colomba, beauty, curse, dream
6
Content available „Ach, jakże cudowne jest życie!” Tunezyjskie fascynacje Aline Réveillaud de Lens: przestrzeń
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Sokołowicz M.
Białostockie Studia Literaturoznawcze
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2019
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nr 15
193-205
EN
The present paper concentrates on the descriptions of Tunisia in the diary by Aline Réveillaud de Lens (1881–1925), a French painter and writer who in 1911, shortly after her marriage, came to live in Tunis. Reluctant to French norms and conventions, de Lens sees Tunisia as an ideal, fascinating land where she may finally be happy. This fascination is reflected in her descriptions of spaces which are to be analysed through the prism of geocriticism in three movements: Tunisia as a land of light and colours, Tunisian symbolic spaces – desert and oasis, and stereotypical Oriental spaces – palace, harem and hammam.
7
Content available « C’est une histoire singulière et terrible… », La Morte amoureuse ou la fascination romantique pour les vampires
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Sokołowicz M.
Romanica Silesiana
|
2016
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tom 11
|
nr 1
FR
The present paper focuses on La Morte amoureuse [Clarimonde] by Théophile Gautier telling the story of a young priest who just before his ordination falls in love with a beautiful and mysterious courtesan. Nevertheless, he neglects his love and sets off to the parish entrusted to him. One day he is asked to visit a dying woman who turns out to be his beloved. Unable to restrain his desire, the priest kisses the dead Clarimonde, who comes back to live. Afterwards, she pays him a visit every night and takes him to Venice where they live a voluptuous life. Unable to stand the double existence of a priest and a young lord, the protagonist accepts to destroy the corpse of his beloved, which ends their relationship. Alternative to God’s love, mysterious Clarimonde, evil or vampire, becomes an interesting concept reflecting the Romantic dreams andanxieties. Key words : Gautier, Clarimonde, vampire, Romanticism, God, love, death
8
Content available Le voyage en Orient de Gustave Flaubert : révolution ou évolutiondans l’approche de l’Orient ?
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Sokołowicz M.
|
2018
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nr 15
173-189
EN
The aim of the present paper is to answer the question whether the Oriental travelogue by Gustave Flaubert, notorious for the bawdy descriptions of various sexual experience the author gains during his trip, represents a revolution or an evolution in the literary approach toward the Middle East. The paper is divided into three parts. The first describes briefly the history of the Oriental dream and the 19th‐century predilection for the voluptuous odalisques. The second discusses a few Oriental travelogues and the meeting of the dream with the reality while the last one analyses the sexualisation of the Oriental experience becoming increasingly important during the 19th century.
9
Content available Regard interdit, son coupé ‘Zakazane spojrzenie, odjęty dźwięk’. Językowy obraz wschodniego świata Assii Djebar
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Sokołowicz M.
Conversatoria Linguistica
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2014
|
nr 8
131-143
PL
The present paper focuses on the linguistic image of the Oriental world depicted in the essay–afterword to the book of short stories Femmes d’Alger dans leur appartement [Women of Algiers] by Assia Djebar. Entitled after the famous painting by Eugène Delacroix the book’s aim is to show the history of Algeria and of Algerian women since the short visit paid to the country by the French painter up to 1980s.The author of this paper wants to focus on the language Assia Djebar uses in her text. Thanks to the recurrence of some keywords she manages to render in her text the typical way of describing the Oriental world in 19th century (the Romantic fascination for Oriental lands and customs) and afterwards the seclusion and submission of Algerian women resulting from patriarchal tradition.However, it seems that Assia Djebar uses her language as a cubist painter (by the way, she refers in her essay to the painting Women of Algiers by Picasso), she deconstructs the linguistic reality to create a new world for Oriental women where, at least linguistically, seclusion changes into final liberation.
10
Content available « Ces orgies d’inspirations ». Le destin du peintre d’après le "Journa"l de Félix Ziem
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Sokołowicz M.
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2023
|
nr 35
61-80
EN
The present paper focuses on the diary of the French painter Félix Ziem (1821-1911) and inquires the destiny of the painter emerging from his writings. Basing on the theories of diary writing (B. Didier, A. Girard, J. Lis), it shows how the artist represents his profession. The analyses convey that three elements are necessary for Félix Ziem to fulfill the destiny of the painter: hard work, dreamy contemplation of nature and travels. Those elements are described in detail in the three consecutive parts of the paper. The conclusions display a self-confident artist, influenced by Romantic aesthetics, who consciously constructs in his diary a testimony of his life as an example of painter’s destiny.
11
Content available « Je m’attache tristement, amèrement aux lieux que je vais quitter ». L’écriture autobiogéographique dans les "Carnets du voyage en Égypte" d’Eugène Fromentin
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Sokołowicz M.
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2022
|
nr 32
10-28
EN
The present paper analyses Carnets du voyage en Égypte by a French painter and writer, Eugène Fromentin (1820-1876), using the concept of autobiogeography. The concept allows to examine how the author of a geographical description may be seen throughout this description and how s/he is influenced by the space. The paper argues that the personality of Fromentin emerges from his travel notes even though they are focused mainly on the description of the Egyptian space and the forms “I” or “we” appear there rarely. Three aspects of Fromentin’s personality may be seen through the analyses of his geographical descriptions of Egypt: the Orientalist painter enthusiastic towards the space; the traveler marked by his previous travels to Algeria who in Egyptian spaces sees Algerian ones; and the man who feels old and tired, refuses to discover the Egyptian space and who just wants to come back home.
12
Content available Jesienny deszcz — jesienny płacz. Między muzyką a poezją (Verlaine i Staff)
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Sokołowicz M.
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Litteraria Polonica
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2012
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tom 15
|
nr 1
34-44
EN
At its beginnings poetry was always connected with music. In Ancient Greece poetry was not only sung, but also danced. Later, the arts separated. However, in Romanticism music became once more a very important notion for poets. Romantics believed that music helped to create the landscape of the human soul. For the same reasons, musicali-ty of poetry fascinated symbolists. In my article, I am analysing two poems of Paul Verlaine, a French romantic very im-portant also for the Symbolist mouvement, and a master piece of Young Poland’s Sym-bolism and Impressionism poetry by Leopold Staff. As the poets use a number of pro-ceedings to change their words into music, the three poems are very musical. Taking into consideration that symbolists believed that music was able to transmit emotional meanings, the musical form helped them to prepare their readers to come to a deeper sense. Not containing any story, all poems are purely lyrical. Each of them evokes autumnal rain which mix with tears, all poetic personae being extremely sad. The musicality lets the readers understand deeper their sadness which reflects also their powerlessness, so famous in the Decadent mouvement. Briefly, thanks to the use of music the poets man-age to draw a beautiful picture of a Decadent soul.
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