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2 Acta Neuropsychologica

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INSIGHT IN SPECIFIC PHOBIAS: A FORGOTTEN BIAS

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Coelho C. M. , Pisitsungkagarn K. , Taephant N. , Barbosa F.

Acta Neuropsychologica

2017

tom 15(4)

467-476

The term insight is a major concept in psychiatry, which nonetheless has a number of different connotations ranging from awareness of one’s disorder to achieving a clear and sudden solution of a problem or anosognosia. Although this concept is ubiquitous in the psychological literature, its definition is not clear, including in DSM-5; the most commonly used diagnostic system for mental disorders. This turns its use ambiguous, particularly for those who are not familiar with the historical background of the word. Here, we aim to a better understanding of insight in specific phobias and discuss the possible causes and implications in DSM-5 criterion changes. The historical analysis of this concept lead to conclude three main assumptions: 1) There are probably different etiopathogenic mechanisms subjacent to the deve lop ment of insight, anosognosia and possibly other “insight” related terms; 2) in the case of specific phobias, lack of insight is better seen and explained as a cognitive bias; 3) DSM use of an insight specifier for specific phobias could be of use; 4) lack of insight can be seen simply as a cognitive bias in most phobia cases.

Comparing dizziness and vertigo inventory responses in Thai and Thai-Chinese people

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Coelho C. M. , Pisitsungkagarn K. , Taephant N. , Balaban C. D.

Acta Neuropsychologica

2019

tom 17(1)

55-67

It is acknowledged that ancestry may play a role in the likelihood of reporting motion sickness, based upon questionnaires in which symptoms are reported more frequently in individuals with Asian ancestry. This study compares motion sickness and related vertigo syndromes in Thai and Thai-Chinese populations. The Motion Sickness Questionnaire; Albany Panic and Phobia Questionnaire; Acrophobia Questionnaire; Body Symptoms Questionnaire and the Situational Characteristics Questionnaire were administered to 128 participants. Eighty-eight participants had a father, mother and all grandparents of Thai origin, while 44 participants had with at least one Chinese ancestor among parents or grandparents. All responses were similar between groups except regarding fear of heights, which is significantly higher in Thai participants without recent Chinese ancestors. Reported motion sickness sensitivity is similar between Thai and Chinese populations. The group differences for some fear of heights items may be linked to each group’ previous experience with heights. Results also suggest that although conquering a fear of heights might require specific visuo-vestibular adaptations, these adaptations alone may not be sufficient to lessen an individual’sfear of heights.