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EN
From the second half of 1944 the People's Militia recognised the need for a network of secret collaborators but documents related to this problem both during the period of the existence of this formation and after its abolition have been protected with great care.It is therefore impossible to become acquainted with the scale of the phenomenon and the normative foundations of conducting so-called operational work, which also encompassed agents. The author characterizes the operational work performed by the militia with so-called personal sources of information- a name given to agents and informers - in the 1944-1957 time span and defines several stages. The first, least effective, was linked with the years 1944 -1949, when professionally incompetent militia officers uncritically emulated methods applied by the security apparatus, a procedure which did not yield the anticipated results. The second stage (1949 -1954) was marked by the creation of the militia's own internal normative bases referring to the principles of winning secret collaborators, their classification and cooperation. The following phase (1955-1957) signified another attempt at devising principles and norms which were to eliminate the basic errors previously connected with the activity of the militia, i. e. winning the cooperation of persons, frequently coerced to collaborate, who from the professional point of view did not present so-called operational value. This tendency was evidenced by consecutive verifications of secret coworkers, whose considerable part was dismissed.
PL
III Powstanie Śląskie zakończyło się sukcesem, bowiem doprowadziło do korzystniejszego dla Polski podziału Górnego Śląska. W jego trakcie, tak jak w każdym konflikcie zbrojnym, uległ pogorszeniu stan bezpieczeństwa i porządku publicznego, czego doświadczała ludność cywilna, narażona na różnego rodzaju gwałty. Władze powstańcze dążyły do ograniczenia tych negatywnych zjawisk, powołując własne struktury policyjne oraz organizując sądownictwo doraźne. Działania te, choć nie zlikwidowały anarchii, ograniczyły jej skalę i zasięg. Służba w policyjnych formacjach powstańczych była też dobrą szkołą dla wielu przyszłych funkcjonariuszy Policji woj. Śląskiego. Formalnie zaczęto ją organizować w czerwcu 1922 roku, faktycznie jej podwaliny osobowe i strukturalne tworzono od 1919 roku, a III Powstanie Śląskie było w tym procesie ważnym doświadczeniem.
EN
The Third Silesian Uprising eventually succeeded. The division of Upper Silesia was favourable to Poland. During it, as in every conflict in the history of humankind, security and public order deteriorated. The effects of this process were noticeable especially for civilians. The public authorities of the Third Silesian Uprising tended to restrict these negative processes by organizing its own police structures and court-martials. True, those efforts did not eliminate anarchy, but limited its range and scale. Service in police-like uprising formations was a good school for future police officers of the Autonomous Silesian Voivodship Police, officially organized in July 1922, yet, the roots of personnel structures had been created since 1919 and the Third Silesian Uprising was a very important experience in this historical process.
PL
Problematyka badań nad dopasowaniem na poziomie człowiek-organizcja wpisuje się w interakcyjny nurt psychologii pracy, w którym dobrostan człowieka rozpatrywany jest z perspektywy jego relacji z szeroko rozumianym środowiskiem pracy. Brak dopasowania, zarówno w odniesieniu do komplementarnego, jak i suplementarnego jego wymiaru, pociąga za sobą szereg negatywnych skutków dla funkcjonowania człowieka, których podłożem staje się odczuwany stres. Relacja o takim charakterze warunkuje straty zarówno po stronie organizacji, jak i pracownika. Rozpoznanie obszarów niedopasowania i ich związków z odczuwanym stresem przez pracowników staje się więc często punktem wyjścia dla wdrożeń w obszarze ZZL na rzecz poprawy warunków pracy w danej organizacji.
EN
The research on the person-organization relation corresponds to the interactive field of occupational psychology in which human well-being is viewed from the perspective of their relationship with the broadly understood work environment. Failure to match, both in terms of complementary and supplementary areas entails a number of negative effects for the functioning of a human being, with experienced state of stress as the result. A relationship of this nature determines the loss both for the organization and the employee. Recognizing the areas of mismatch and their relationships with the stress experienced by employees often becomes a starting point for implementations in HRM to improve working conditions in an organization.
EN
Members of the aldo–keto reductase family including aldose reductases are involved in antioxidant defense by metabolizing a wide range of lipid peroxidation-derived cytotoxic compounds. Therefore, we produced transgenic wheat genotypes over-expressing the cDNA of alfalfa aldose reductase gene. These plants consequently exhibit 1.5–4.3 times higher detoxification activity for the aldehyde substrate. Permanent drought stress was generated in the greenhouse by growing wheat plants in soil with 20 % water capacity. The control and stressed plants were monitored by a semi automatic phenotyping platform providing computer-controlled watering, digital and thermal imaging. Calculation of biomass values was based on the correlation (R²= 0.7556) between fresh weight and green pixel-based shoot surface area. The green biomass production by plants of the three transgenic lines was 12–26–41 % higher than the non-transgenic plants’ grown under water limitation. Thermal imaging of stressed nontransgenic plants indicated an elevation in the leaf temperature. The thermal status of transformants was similar at both normal and suboptimal water regime. In drought, the transgenic plants used more water during the growing season. The described phenotyping platform provided a comprehensive data set demonstrating the improved physiological condition of the drought stressed transgenic wheat plants in the vegetative growth phase. In soil with reduced water capacity two transgenic genotypes showed higher seed weight per plant than the control non-transgenic one. Limitation of greenhouse-based phenotyping in analysis of yield potential is discussed.
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