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Does work stress affect neurocognitive functions? Case of Moroccan workers

100%

Arji S. , Elhaddadi M. , Ahami A. O. T. , Ziri R.

Acta Neuropsychologica

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2022

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tom 20(4)

393-407

EN

Depending on its stage, stress influences cognitive functions. Indeed, several authors have ensured the degradation of cognitive functions by stress. Others did not find any association between the two. A third group of authors claimed that stress improves the performance of certain cognitive functions. Faced with this inconsistency of results, we conducted this study with the aim of finding out whether job stress alters or stimulates cognitive functions. Our study focused on 102 workers who were asked to freely and anonymously complete a questionnaire deemed relevant at the international scale. The age of the participants is between 22 and 60 years old with an average of 37 years and a standard deviation of 11 years. The population is made up of 77% of men and 23% of women. For the school level of the subjects: 50% of the subjects have a level bac to bac+2, 30% have a level higher than bac+2 and 20% have a level lower than bac. The professional status of workers is divided into three types: 48% are supervisors and technicians, 32% are executing workers and 20% are senior managers. The participants underwent two neurocognitive tests using the ELIAN software. Analysis of the results shows that there is no significant link between work stress and the cognitive functions studied. However, the analysis of the results of each socio-professional category separately shows that stress significantly reduces the visual working memory score of young people (< 40 years old), as well as the ability to concentrate of subjects with a school level higher than bac+2. While it improves visual perception in men and old people over the age of 40. There are significant links between some cognitive performances and the socio-professional characteristics of the stressed subjects. Therefore, work stress can affect neurocognitive health, which is more serious. In order to understand the relationship between work or chronic stress and cognition as well as their moderating factors, it is advisable to increase the size of the sample and to diversify the cognitive functions studied as well as their tasks.

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RATING OF THE VALENCE OF TWENTY NEGATIVES IMAGES FROM IAPS BY A SAMPLE OF MOROCCAN NURSE STUDENTS

100%

Bandadi L. , Touhami Ahami A. O. , Ahami A. O. T.

Acta Neuropsychologica

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2020

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tom 18(3)

383-391

EN

This study aims to rate twenty negative images from IAPS among a sample nurse students. We compare the mean valences between males and females and between participants from the final semester and participants from the first semester. The comparison of the mean valences values between the current study and the norm mean valence values from IAPS was established. null We tested 100 students from Higher Institute of Nursing Professions and Technics of Health, Rabat, Morocco, were recruited. The panel valence from SAM was cued to evaluate the perceived pleasure and unpleased degree after exposing the different images from IAPS to the participants. The displeasure degree among nurse students from final semester is lower than that of the first semester with a significant difference in sixteen images. Regarding the difference between males and females, the significant difference was observed only in five images. The all images evaluated by participant were perceived as negative (valence <4). Regarding the comparison of the mean valences values between a the current study and the norm mean valence values from IAPS significant differences were observed. Nurse students from the final semester, compared to the first semester students, perceived the negative images assessed as less unpleasant. However, we noted that the all images have kept the negative aspect. These results show that these images can be used as a negative emotional stimulus among this population.

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Determinants of burnout and its prevalence among employees in a Moroccan private company

75%

Arji S. , Ziri R. , Aboussaleh Y. , Azzaoui F. Z. , Krupa K. , Ahami A. O. T.

Acta Neuropsychologica

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2023

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tom 21(4)

427-439

EN

Burnout or occupational exhaustion syndrome is a neuropsychological disorder resulting from chronic stress at work. Employees of private companies are highly exposed to this risk because of the overload of work in addition to the long daily working hours. We have therefore conducted a study whose aim is to assess the prevalence of burnout and its components, as well as to study socio-professional determinants among employees. We tested 102 employees aged between 22 and 60 years with an average age of 36.76 years ± 10.5 years. 77% were men and 24% were women. They were asked to complete freely and anonymously a general information sheet and the MBI questionnaire “Maslach Burn-out Inventory” in its French version with language adaptation. This consists of 22 items, evaluating three dimensions: emotional exhaustion (EE), depersonalization (DP) and personal accomplishment (PA). A score was calculated and a rating in the degree of severity (low, moderate and high) was given for each of the dimensions, according to internationally accepted standards. The analysis of the results showed a high prevalence of burnout. Statistical analyses show that the rate of burnout in the age group over 40 equals 47.2% against 31.8% only among employees aged under 40. Similarly, the burnout rate among women is about the same as men (p=0.977). Emotional exhaustion (EE) is the most widespread component in exhausted subjects. It was found to be high for 14.7% of employees; while depersonalization (DP) or high cynicism affects only 3.9% of subjects. Significant links between depersonalization and gender as well as professional seniority are obtained. Concerning the level of schooling, the rate of burnout decreases when the school level increases but without significance (p = 0.474). The rate of burnout is high among executing workers followed by senior managers. However, this link remains statistically insignificant. Concerning seniority, we note that the prevalence of burnout increases with professional seniority and even in the meaningless position. We also observe a higher rate of burnout among employees with company seniority of less than 10 years in addition to the oldest, but without any meaning. Professional exhaustion or burnout exists strongly in Moroccan companies. In order to be able to adapt to the rapid development of the market and its increased demands, it is essential that business leaders prevent this pathology by improving the psychosocial work environment.