The aim of the paper is the identification of the most frequently used antibiotics such as cefazolin, cefuroxime, cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, ceftazidime, lyncomycin, clindamycin, levofloxacin, doxycycline and vancomycin by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry interface in positive and negative modes. The fragmentation pathways of the group of antibiotics were colligated on the basis of the obtained ESI mass spectra. Generally, the positive ion spectra of antibiotics are higher in intensity including an [M+H]⁺ ion and producing less fragmentation as well as more informative compared to the negative ion spectra. Only ESI of levofloxacin in positive and negative modes with the chosen tune parameters leads to degradation of molecular ion, so the parent ion does not appear in the mass spectra. The group of antibiotics (cephalosporins and lincosamides) shows the same characteristic fragmentation. These setup parameters were successfully applied for the routine determination of antibiotics in their pharmaceutical dosage forms and other objects. Data base was developed for identification of antibiotics by comparison of their molecular and fragment ions.
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This paper presents the investigations of electrical properties and effect of annealing on conductivity of (CoFeZr)_{x}(CaF_2)_{100-x} nanocomposites produced by ion-beam sputtering in the Ar and O_2 ambient. Investigations into conductivity of (CoFeZr)_{x}(CaF_2)_{100-x} nanocomposites depending on the measuring temperature and the annealing temperature have been performed. The application of a combined argon-oxygen beam brings about lowering of the potential barrier on the surface of nanoparticles. In the course of annealing the additional oxidation occurs. First it proceeds on the surface and then all through the metallic-phase particles.
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In this paper the results of investigations of electrical properties of metal-dielectric nanocomposites (FeCoZr)_x(CaF₂)_{100-x} are presented. The samples with the metallic phase content x=45.7 at.% were produced by ion-beam sputtering method in pure argon atmosphere, and subsequently annealed at 398 K for 15 min. The measurements of electrical properties were performed in the frequency range from 50 Hz to 1 MHz. The frequency dependences of phase angle θ, capacity C_{p}, conductivity σ and dielectric loss factor tanδ were measured at seven different temperatures ranging from 148 K to 263 K. It was found that the nanocomposite exhibits the phenomena of voltage resonance and current resonance, characteristic of the conventional RLC circuits with series and parallel connections of elements.
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The paper reports on the results of structural analysis and magnetometry of granular nanocomposite films FeCoZr-CaF₂ irradiated with Xe and Kr ions at different fluences. The observed effect of enhanced perpendicular magnetic anisotropy characterizing pristine films is discussed with respect to the irradiation regimes and structural changes of the films originating from the impact of ions.
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The paper is focused on the results of Xe ions irradiation of nanocomposite FeCoZr-CaF₂ films synthesized in the oxygen-containing atmosphere. Combined influence of nanoparticles partial oxidation and ion irradiation with different fluences on the crystalline structure, phase composition and magnetic anisotropy is analysed by X-ray diffraction, the Mössbauer spectroscopy and vibrating sample magnetometry. The origin of the detected progressive enhancement of perpendicular magnetic anisotropy as the result of films oxidation and irradiation is discussed in the context of formation of nanoparticles oxide shells and ion tracks along the films normal.
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