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2 Journal of Ecological Engineering

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Ecological Characteristics of Groundwater in Rural Areas of the Karaganda Region

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Shamshedenova S. , Beisenova R. , Rakhymzhan Z. , Zhaznaeva Z. , Syzdykova N. , Tazitdinova R. , Khanturin M.

tom Vol. 20, nr 11

67--75

In this article, the purpose of the research was to study the ecological characteristics of groundwater and central water supply used for drinking and economic activity of the Kievka village. The hydrochemical indicators of the samples were determined with conventional methods, and performed on 16 indicators: pH, electrical conductivity, suspended solids, dry residue, chlorides, sulfates, phosphates, total hardness, sodium, ammonium nitrogen, nitrites, nitrates, chemical oxygen consumption (COD), anionic surfactants (APAS), total iron, and manganese. While assessing the hydrochemical state of drinking water in the village of Kievka, it can be noted the "Altyn-dan" kindergarten and the Kiev secondary school No. 3, exceed the MAC which is determined by certain indicators. As a result of microbiological studies of the water samples from the village of Kievka, it was revealed that the total microbial number is normal. It was determined that a different number of fungi and actinomycites were present in all samples. At the initial concentration, a large concentration of fungi was observed in all samples.

Monitoring and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Eco-Pollutants in Wastewater in Kazakhstan Cities

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Tulegenova S. , Zhantokov B. , Beisenova R. , Shyngysbayeva Z. , Dukenbayeva A. , Rakhymzhan Z.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

2024

tom Vol. 25, nr 7

359--370

Currently, the pharmaceutical industry is one of the most developing and dynamic sectors of the global economy. Existing methods of wastewater treatment do not always allow the complete removal of pharmacological preparations, which leads to the fact that these substances enter water resources and can have a negative impact on ecosystems and human health. Due to the increase in water pollution with pharmacological preparations, there is a need for more in-depth research in this area. Assessment of the level of contamination with pharmacological substances in the wastewater of megacities is an important aspect of environmental protection and public health. The purpose of this research work is to evaluate pharmacological pollutants in the wastewater of megacities. This study is aimed at identifying APIs (active pharmaceutical ingredients) that are most likely to have a negative impact on the environment in Kazakhstan. To analyze the content of Amoxicillin, Clarithromycin, Ofloxacin, Ciprofloxacin, Atenolol, Metoprolol, Propranolol, Paracetamol, Ibuprofen, Diclofenac, Cabramazepine and other medicinal substances, standards of these substances were added to the wastewater sample and analyzed by the HPLC-MS method. As a result of this research work, information was obtained on the current level of contamination with pharmacological substances in the wastewater of megacities and their impact on ecosystems and human health. The results of the study can be used to develop measures to reduce pollution and conserve water resources for future generations.