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2023
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tom Vol. 30
113--133
EN
A series of terrestrial laser scanner measurements were made at selected sites of the Rudna mine. Using the method of differential images, the applicability of scanning was demonstrated for the recognition of the deformations taking place and the destruction of post-mining voids in the rock mass. At the same time, the usefulness of the technique used for the documentation of tectonic phenomena, practically invisible with classical methods of geological documentation, was demonstrated. The structure discovered by the authors, tectonic elongated-helicoidal asymmetric gouge (TEHAG), documents the process of horizontal and parallel to layering tectonic dislocations of rocks.
EN
The results from two methods of structural analysis of the morphological rock escarpment are presented – a conventional technique, based on cartographic projection and set of structural measurements, and one based on processed point cloud data obtained from terrestrial laser scanning of the site (TLS). The results refer to one of the numerous sites located at the base of the nearly 40 km long vertical rock cliff (Radków Bluff) in Table Mountains, which locally reaches height of up to 50 m. The selected site in the area of so-called Radków Rocky Towers area is characterized by a complex and multi-stage structural pattern. A method of automatic and semi-automatic determination of discontinuity surfaces in the entire exposure was tested, with particular emphasis on zones of load induced fractures located at the base of the rock wall. The authors obtained a high convergence of the results generated from the point cloud analysis and those made by the traditional method using a geological compass. The paper suggests a correct and effective methodology for surveying and using data, as well as highlighting the benefits of documenting geological sites with the use of TLS. The analysis confirms the role and importance of fractures induced by a localized load in the process of destruction and retreat of morphological slopes.
EN
A quarter of a century ago, during cartographic works using then-known field methods for measuring structural fea tures, on the boundary of the Sudetic and Fore-Sudetic blocks, new phenomena were recognised; these were interpreted to be tectonic in nature and the result of left-lateral strike-slip movement in the subsurface. Grabens, half-grabens, shear zones and seismites in the gold-bearing sands and gravels that form the slopes of the valley of the River Kaczawa, are estimated to be of Pliocene and early Pleistocene age, having been interpreted as deposits of the pre-Kaczawa alluvial fan system. The natural exposures documented 25 years age have now all disappeared. In 2022, these levels became exposed again as a result of renewed gravel exploitation and phenomena described in the past reappeared. Field meas urements were made again, this time using modern data-recording techniques, such as photogrammetry and terrestrial laser scanning. This work has enabled a comparison of field measurement methods with those obtained from the point clouds data. The results were found to be highly consistent. At the same time, precise reconstructions of the structures and their connection to the geodetic reference system make it possible to supplement previous geokinematic interpre tations for this segment of the Sudetic Marginal Fault Zone (SMFZ). A formerly postulated left-lateral strike-slip regime in this zone was confirmed during the period of formation of the pre-Kaczawa alluvial fan deposits, but also probable is a kinematic inversion that must have occurred during, or just after, the early Pleistocene.
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