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1
Content available Estimation of vehicle operational fuel consumption
100%
Kropiwnicki J.
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2010
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tom R. 49, nr 3
48-58
EN
A method of a reference fuel consumption calculation for a registered operating conditions has been presented in this work. The operating conditions have been described using specific energy consumption, which takes into account both an influence of external conditions and driver's style of driving. Results of experiments performed on the territory of the city of Gdańsk in normal urban traffic have been presented. The new concept of estimation of vehicle drive system efficiency and related examples have been also included.
PL
W pracy przedstawiono metodę umożliwiającą wyznaczenie referencyjnego zużycia paliwa dla zarejestrowanych warunków eksploatacji. Warunki eksploatacji opisane są rozkładem energochłonności jednostkowej, która obejmuje zarówno wpływ warunków zewnętrznych, jak również styl jazdy kierowcy. W pracy przedstawiono zestawienie wyników uzyskanych dla przejazdów wykonanych na terenie Gdańska, w regularnym ruchu miejskim. Przedstawiono także koncepcję oceny efektywności energetycznej pojazdów wraz z przykładami.
2
Content available remote The possibilities of using of the engine multidimensional characteristic in fuel consumption prediction
100%
Kropiwnicki J.
Journal of KONES
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2002
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tom Vol. 9, No. 1-2
127-133
EN
This paper presents the possibilities of using the multidimensional characteristic of engine in fuel consumption prediction. The multidimensional characteristic of engine has been defined. The quality and the scope of the proposed fuel consumption model have been estimated using verification tests according to the assumed engine operation test. The bed tests and simulation tests have been done using the same model of engine operation and their results have been included in this paper.
3
Content available Comparison of energy efficiency of vehicles powered by different fuels
100%
Kropiwnicki J.
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tom R. 51, nr 3
34-43
EN
The comparison of operating fuel consumption in a selected certification test is the most popular method of assessing energy efficiency of vehicles. Operating conditions are defined with the use of a velocity profile, usually for only two categories: urban and extra urban driving. Problems arising from such a practice are discussed with the use of the analysis of operating fuel consumption calculated for selected traffic conditions in Gdansk and in its suburbs for vehicles with diesel and gasoline engines. The paper presents a new method of comparing energy efficiency of vehicles powered by different fuels, which allows to perform the analysis on the basis of one drive in a regular city traffic when basic parameters of the engine and the vehicle are recorded.
PL
Najpopularniejsza metoda oceny efektywności energetycznej pojazdów samochodowych polega na porównywaniu przebiegowego zużycia paliwa osiągniętego w warunkach wybranego testu homologacyjnego. Warunki eksploatacji, zdefiniowane za pomocą przebiegów prędkości w czasie, dotyczą najczęściej tylko dwóch kategorii: jazdy miejskiej i pozamiejskiej. Problemy wynikające z takiego sposobu postępowania omówiono na przykładzie analizy przebiegowego zużycia paliwa w wybranych warunkach ruchu na terenie Gdańska i okolic dla pojazdów z silnikami ZS i ZI. W artykule przedstawiono nową metodę porównywania efektywności energetycznej pojazdów zasilanych różnymi paliwami, która umożliwia wykonanie analizy na podstawie jednego przejazdu w warunkach regularnego ruchu miejskiego z rejestracją podstawowych parametrów pracy silnika i pojazdu.
4
Content available Model of the reciprocating engine using iterative procedures of the transient torque calculation
100%
Kropiwnicki J.
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tom Vol. 17, No. 2
257-264
EN
Process of development of vehicles is nowadays preceded by extensive modelling tests, which allow evaluating influence of applicable design solutions on future utilitarian parameters of the vehicle. Here, estimation of vehicle's dynamics by measuring of acceleration time from 0 to 100 km/h can be an example. Similar, maximal speed, pollutants emission or fuel consumption under speciflc conditions of vehicle's operation can be the example. Modelling research allow to shorten time of introduction of new vehicle for production significantly. Most eager group of model used in simulation tests of vehicles, according to short time of calculation, is black box models. They do not take into consideration they cyclic type of operation, however, it is possible to identify fast and simple their coefficients. This work involves description of reciprocating engine tests, which have been done under transient and steady-state conditions. Transient conditions were forced by rapid change of engine control signal. During the tests differences of torque generated by engine under transient and steady-state conditions have been registered for the same control signal. Basing on the received results a new algorithm of transient torque calculation has been proposed. In the presented model value of the transient torque has been combined with the engine control signal and others engine parameters, which deser ibe transient history of the engine. Hence, iterative procedures of the transient torque calculation with declared time step have been implemented.
5
Application of Stirling engine type alpha powered by the recovery energy on vessels
100%
Kropiwnicki J.
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nr 1
EN
The Stirling engine is a device in which thermal energy is transformed into mechanical energy without any contact between the heat carrier and the working gas enclosed in the engine. The mentioned feature makes this type of engine very attractive for the use of the recovery energy taken from other heat devices. One of the potential applications of Stirling engines is the use of thermal energy generated in the ship’s engine room for producing electricity. The work presents the concept of the Stirling engine type alpha powered by the recovery energy. The model of Stirling engine developed in this work allows a quantitative assessment of the impact of the design features of the engine, primarily the heat exchange surfaces and the volume of control spaces, on the achieved efficiency and power of the engine. Using an iterative procedure, Stirling engine simulation tests were carried out taking into account the variable structural features of the system. The influence of the size of the heater and the cooler, as well as the effectiveness of the regenerator and the temperature of the heat source on the efficiency and power produced by the Stirling engine have been presented
6
Content available remote Inspekcje rurociągów tłokami inteligentnymi. Cz. 1, Przygotowanie rurociągu do inspekcji
63%
Kropiwnicki J. , Klimkiewicz T.
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tom nr 4
73--75
EN
The article, first in a series of articles on intelligent pistons, which are an important aspect of pipeline inspections, presents their types, operational principles and capacities. Selection of cleaning pistons has been discussed, according to the type of pollution present in the pipeline, including pistons fitted with polyurethane cleaning heads, magnets, radio transmitters, steel brushes, bolts for ripping scaly surfaces.
7
Causality in models of thermal processes in ship engine rooms with the use of Bond Graph (BG) method
51%
Cichy M. , Kneba Z. , Kropiwnicki J.
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nr Special Issue S1
EN
With a single approach to modeling elements of different physical nature, the method of Bond Graph (BG) is particularly well suited for modeling energy systems consisting of mechanical, thermal, electrical and hydraulic elements that operate in the power system engine room. The paper refers to the earlier presented [2] new concept of thermal process modeling using the BG method. The authors own suggestions for determining causality in models of thermal processes created by the said concept were given. The analysis of causality makes it possible to demonstrate the model conflicts that prevent the placement of state equations which allows for the direct conduct of simulation experiments. Attention has been drawn to the link between the energy systems models of thermal processes with models of elements of different physical nature. Two examples of determining causality in models of complex energy systems of ther mal elements have been presented . The firs relates to the electr ical system a ssociated with the process of heat exchange. The second is a model of the mechanical system associated with the thermodynamic process
8
Content available Analiza zużycia paliwa przez silnik śmieciarki w warunkach cyklu pracy mechanizmu prasującego
51%
Kropiwnicki J. , Czyżewicz J. , Kopka M. , Książek G.
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tom R. 15, nr 6
169-173
PL
W pracy przedstawiono analizę zużycia paliwa przez silnik śmieciarki w warunkach przyjętego cyklu pracy mechanizmu prasującego śmieci. W tym celu wykorzystano model zużycia paliwa silnika śmieciarki, model układu napędowego pompy hydraulicznej mechanizmu prasującego śmieciarki oraz wyniki pomiarów ciśnienia roboczego w siłownikach hydraulicznych mechanizmu prasującego w trakcie jednego pełnego cyklu pracy mechanizmu prasującego śmieci przeprowadzonych na śmieciarce Medium XL firmy Ekocel.
EN
The paper presents an analysis of the fuel consumption of the IC engine of the refuse collection vehicle under operation cycle of the compaction mechanism. For this purpose, the model of fuel consumption, the model of the propulsion system of the hydraulic pump have been used as well as results of the measurements of pressure in the hydraulic system of compaction mechanism for the complete cycle of operation. Data registration has been made on a garbage truck Medium XL from Ekocel.
9
Content available Symulacja pracy mechanizmu prasującego pojazdu do usuwania odpadów z pojemników (PUOP)
51%
Kropiwnicki J. , Czyżewicz J. , Książek G. , Kopka M.
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tom R. 15, nr 6
174-178
PL
W pracy przedstawiono analizę pracy wybranego typu mechanizmu prasującego PUOP oraz wpływ różnych konfiguracji elementów składowych tego urządzenia na energochłonność pracy w warunkach przyjętego cyklu obciążenia. W tym celu wykorzystano model mechanizmu prasującego PUOP w formie grafów wiązań oraz wyniki pomiarów ciśnienia roboczego w siłownikach hydraulicznych mechanizmu prasującego w trakcie jednego pełnego cyklu pracy przeprowadzonych na śmieciarce Medium XL firmy Ekocel.
EN
The paper presents the analysis of operation of the RCV compaction mechanism and the mechanism components configuration influence on the energy consumption according to given load model. The mathematical model of the compaction mechanism is represented using the Bond Graph methodology. The load model bases on the measurements of the pressure generated in the hydraulic cylinders of the RCV compaction mechanism during complete working cycle. The object of the measurement was RCV Ekocel Medium XL.
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