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1

Rozklad fungicydu karbendazym w srodowisku wodnym

100%

Bogacka T.

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1995

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tom 46

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nr 2

183-192

PL

Wyznaczono dynamikę i kinetykę rozkladu szeroko stosowanego w kraju fungicydu - karbendazymu. Badania prowadzono w warunkach modelowych symulujących wodę rzeczną, destylowaną i ekosystem wodny uwzględniając różne stężenia początkowe fungicydu i temperatury oraz wpływ na rozklad karbendazymu zdolności adaptacyjnych mikroflory i właściwości kumulacyjnych.

EN

The study of the breakdown of the fungicide carbendazim widely used in Poland was carried out under model conditions simulating the environment of river water moderately polluted, distilled water, and dynamic aqueous ecosystem. The experiments were conducted using the fungicide in concentrations about 1 and 5 mcg/l at two temperatures - about 20°C and 5°C, and after adaptation of microorganisms to the presence of the fungicide. Taking the results of the experiment with river water the rate of the breakdown was studied, determining also the kinetic parameters of the break own process: rate constants and half-times of breakdown. This process agreed, as a rule, with the kinetic equation of first order and depended on the type of water, initial concentration, temperature and microflora adaptation to the environment of the tested substance. The process of carbendazime breakdown after adaptation of the microorganisms of river water to the fungicide was occuring at a much higher rate at both test temperature and depended on the initial concentration. Temperature decrease to about 5°C inhibited the process of carbendazime degradation, but only if the initial concentraion was higher. The concentrations of carbendazime in aqueous environment under dynamic conditions during 14-day exposure decreased by 14-19% and had no negative influence on the biocenosis of the experimental ecosystem Carbendazime was not taken up by water-thyme and Lebistes reticulata in the experimental ecosystem, was poorly concentrated by snails and accumulated slightly in the sediments of the ecosystem.

2

Kinetyka rozkladu specyficznych zanieczyszczen w srodowisku wodnym

100%

Bogacka T.

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nr 2-3

213-219

PL

Wyznaczono kinetykę rozkładu specyficznych zanieczyszczeń wód powierzchniowych: wybranych przedstawicieli wielopierścieniowych węglowodorów aromatycznych (benzo(a)piren i fluoranten) i chlorowcowych pochodnych metanu (chlorek metylenu, chloroform, czterochlorek węgla). Doświadczenia prowadzono w warunkach laboratoryjnych symulujących środowisko wody rzecznej i destylowanej. Szybkość rozkładu badano w zależności od stężenia początkowego, temperatury i zdolności adaptacyjnych mikroflory do środowiska.

EN

The study was carried out for establishing the distribution of benzo(a)pyrene, fluoroanthene, methylene chloride, chloroform and carbon tetrachloride under model conditions, simulating the environment of river water moderately contaminated and distilled water. The experiments were carried out for safe concentrations and concetrations 2-5 times greater at two temperatures: about 20°C and 4°C, and after adaptation of microorganisms to the presence of the analysed substances. In the light of the obtained results the kinetic parameters were established of the degradation process: rate constans and degradation half-times. The process developed in accordance with the kinetic equation of 1st order and depended on the model, group of determined compounds, initial concentration, temperature and microflora adaptation to the presence of the studied substances. Of the studied contaminants the degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons - benzo(a)pyrene and fluoroanthene, progressed at the highest rate. The higher rate of degredation in river water than in distilled water suggests that microorganisms present in natural waters participated in the degradation od the determined compounds. This process was slowed down by temperature fall to about 4°C. When the microflora had been adapted to the presence of chlorinated methane derivatives the process of degradation was as rule slower than in the situation of their direct addition to the experimental model adaptation was shown to have no effect on the kinetics of polycyclic hydrocarbon degradation.

3

Transport of pesticides to the sea by the Vistula River

63%

Taylor R. , Bogacka T.

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tom 11

4

Rozklad wybranych herbicydow diazynowych i mocznikowych w srodowisku wodnym

63%

Bogacka T. , Ceglarski R.

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nr 2

57-71

5

Wstepna ocena skutkow zanieczyszczenia wod powierzchniowych pyretroidami

63%

Lutnicka H. , Bogacka T.

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nr 3-4

115-122

6

Zrodla azotu w ladunkach emitowanych do wod powierzchniowych z terenu Polski

63%

Bogacka T. , Taylor R.

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nr 4

35-48

7

Toksyczność i biodegradacja atrazyny i symazyny w środowisku wodnym

51%

Bogacka T. , Trzcinska B. , Groenwald M.

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tom 23

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nr 1-2

8

Emisja azotu i fosforu z obszaru Polski do wod powierzchniowych

51%

Taylor R. , Bogacka T. , Makowski Z.

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nr 3

3-21

9

Toksyczność i biodegradacja wybranych wielopierścieniowych węglowodorów aromatycznych w środowisku wodnym

51%

Bogacka T. , Trzcinska B. , Groenwald M.

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nr 2

10

Obszarowy odplyw biogenow ze zlewni rzeki Narusy

51%

Bogacka T. , Taylor R. , Makowski Z.

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nr 3

43-51

11

Toksycznosc i biodegradacja chlorowcowych pochodnych metanu w srodowisku wodnym

51%

Bogacka T. , Trzcinska B. , Grawinski E. , Ceglarski R.

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nr 1

37-43

EN

The effect of methylene chloride, chloroform, and carbon tertrachloride on the following aquatic organisms: Pseudomonas fluorescens, Scenedesmus quadricauda, Lemna minor, Daphnia magna, and Lebistes reticulatus, was investigated. Pseudomonas fluorescens bacteria were found to be most sensitive test organisms, and a toxic effect towards them was observed just at the concentration of 100 µg/l of each agent. Studies on degradation in distilled water, river-water, and aqueous ecosystem revealed moderate stability in aqueous medium of compounds under investigation. Chloroform and carbon tetrachloride were detecable in river-water still after 40 days in concentrations toxic to aqueous ecosystem. More rapid degradation of methane halogen derivatives in river-water than in distilled water indicated the presence of microorganisms living in water from natural source, and being accessory to the decomposition of these agents. Degradation in the presence of adapted microflora took, as a general rule, a slower cource. Decrease of temperature to 6°C inhibited considerably the degradation rate of the investigated contaminants. The reduction of methane halogen derivatives content during 21-day exposure in aqueous ecosystem came up to 73%. Moreover, these compounds were found not to have biocumulative properties, and not to be toxic - in concentrations up to 300 µg/l - to aqueous biocenosis homing the experimental ecosystem.

PL

Określono toksyczność chlorku metylenu, chloroformu, i czterochlorku węgla względem wybranych organizmów wodnych: Pseudomonas fluorescens, Scenedesmus quadricauda, Lemna minor, Daphnia magna i Lebistes reticulatus. Przedstawiono dynamikę rozkładu w/w zanieczyszczeń w wodach o różnej jakości w zależności od rodzaju badanego związku, stężenia początkowego, temperatury, właściwości bioakumulacyjnych oraz stopnia adaptacji organizmów.