Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

On the Judicialisation of International Law

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Wiśniewski A.

Adam Mickiewicz University Law Review

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2017

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tom 7

37-53

EN

The judicialisation of international law is a relatively recent phenomenon that gained momentum in the 1990s and 2000s. Coupled with the trend towards widespread compulsory jurisdiction, it has been crucial in strengthening the commitment of states to adhere to their international obligations. Another important effect of judicialisation on international law is that at least certain international norms have acquired an “objective” nature, detached from the will of states. This is because the interpretation and application of these norms is no longer dependent solely upon the subjective discretion of states, but is subject to consideration and examination by independent judicial bodies. The process of judicialisation, while contributing to the international rule of law, has undoubtedly changed the face of international law a great deal as a result of some other factors. The multiplication of international courts has led to the expansion of the judicial institutional layer, making international law less horizontal. Also, as a result of the growing case-law of these courts, the system of international law is becoming more complex and developed, and thus also more mature. The natural aspect of the judicial function is the development of international law. Despite the problems and risks involved, the proliferation of international courts and tribunals can be perceived as one of the important components of the dynamic transformation of international law during the recent decades.

2

Aktywność duszpasterska i inwestycyjna księży Salezjanów w parafii Kryniczno w latach 1951-1993

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Wiśniewski A.

Seminare. Poszukiwania naukowe

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2013

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tom 34

333-339

EN

The parish in Kryniczno was handed to the Salesians of Środa Śląska on February 1, 1951 and remained in their possession until February 15, 1993, when the administration of the parish passed into the hands of the diocesan clergy. Parishioners took part in daily masses and worship. Parish choirs, altar boy communities and rosary circles were founded. Pilgrimages for youth to Częstochowa and trips to World Youth Day were organized. During their stay in the parish of Kryniczno, Salesians carried on renovations of sacred objects, commercial objects, and other inventory. They conducted the restoration of the rectory and the church; restored statues of saints and other equipment, and purchased necessary furnishings. The pastoral activity of the Salesian priests in Kryniczno concluded in 1993.

3

Remarks on Language and International Law

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Wiśniewski A.

Adam Mickiewicz University Law Review

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2022

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tom 14

57-83

EN

The main assumption behind this study is that the relationship between language and international law is particularly interesting due to the complexity and special nature of this relationship when compared to national law. The author focuses on some selected issues connected with the fact that from the legal point of view the multiplicity of languages in international law is an important factor affecting its interpretation. Due to this, apart from the issue of the dominant position of the English language in international law, the major focus of the study is on the specific problems associated with the interpretation of international treaties. The study suggests that there are certain intrinsic tensions and contradictions involved in the relationship between language and international law. The dominant position of English language in international law is at odds with the principle of sovereign equality laid down in the UN Charter, which entails equal opportunities for all nations to participate in the global legal discourse. Moreover, the interpretation of plurilingual treaties involves significant problems when it comes to the interpretation of authentic texts made in various languages, which need to be reconciled. In turn, the tensions between the meaning of terms used in international legal norms and their corresponding meaning in national legislation are addressed through the use of the autonomous method of interpretation. Moreover, considering the growing importance of the legitimacy of international law, the role of the language of international law in this context is also considered. The problems related to the problems of language in the context of international law outlined in this study confirm the need for further continuous and in-depth research in this field.

4

Współistnienie krwotoku podpajęczynówkowego i podtwardówkowego kanału kręgowego u młodej kobiety

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Wiśniewski A. , Książkiewicz B.

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tom 13

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nr 1

68-72

EN

Subarachnoid haemorrhage of spinal canal is a rare disease and is the 1.5% of all bleeding into the subarachnoid space. In most cases its occurrence is associated with a well-defined etiologic factors, and only in 15% of cases the cause remains unknown. The exceptions are the coexistence of subarachnoid haemorrhage with another type of haemorrhage to the spinal canal. This paper describes the case of 35-year-old woman who has sudden severe headache preceded by a sudden pain in the back area and numbness of left upper limb. MRI revealed bleeding in the subarachnoid space associated with subdural bleeding in the cervical and thoracic spinal canal probably due vascular malformation of the chest. In the absence of symptoms of neurological deficit patient was treated conservatively with good results. The case demonstrates that in selected patients with concomitant haemorrhage of subarachnoid and subdural spinal canal is not necessary neurosurgery. Thus, neurological status should be the most important criterion for the further management of patients with bleeding into the spinal canal.

PL

Krwotok podpajęczynówkowy kanału kręgowego jest rzadkim schorzeniem i stanowi do 1,5% wszystkich krwawień do przestrzeni podpajęczynówkowej. W większości przypadków jego wystąpienie wiąże się ze ściśle określonymi czynnikami etiologicznymi, a tylko w 15% przypadków przyczyna pozostaje nieznana. Do wyjątków należy współistnienie krwotoku podpajęczynówkowego z innym typem krwawienia do kanału kręgowego. W pracy opisano przypadek 35-letniej kobiety, u której nagły silny ból głowy poprzedzony był nagłym bólem pleców w okolicy międzyłopatkowej oraz drętwieniem lewej kończyny górnej. Badanie rezonansu magnetycznego ujawniło krwawienie w przestrzeni podpajęczynówkowej z towarzyszącym krwawieniem podtwardówkowym w odcinku szyjnym i piersiowym kanału kręgowego, prawdopodobnie spowodowane malformacją naczyniową na poziomie piersiowym. Z uwagi na brak objawów deficytu neurologicznego chorą leczono zachowawczo, z dobrym skutkiem. Opisany przypadek dowodzi, że w wyselekcjonowanej grupie chorych ze współistniejącym krwotokiem podpajęczynówkowym i podtwardówkowym kanału kręgowego nie jest konieczne leczenie operacyjne. Tym samym stan neurologiczny powinien być najważniejszym kryterium odnośnie do dalszego postępowania u chorych z krwawieniem do kanału kręgowego.