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EN
The cult of Triglav in the Polabian-Pomeranian territory in the 12th century confirms an evolution of the religious system of the local Slavic communities towards monolatry, largely affected by confrontation as well as a cultural dialogue with the Christian culture. At first, at the time of the Pomeranian missions of Saint Otto of Bamberg in the 1120s, attempts at suppressing the cult did not bring about long-term effects. However, a wave of the so-called pagan reaction led to some sort of a compromise made in Szczecin, leading to official coexistence of the cult of Triglav and the newly introduced cult of Jesus Christ. From the point of view of mythology, the competences of the two divine figures turn out to be convergent and universal, yet still, as part of the Szczecin “religious dualism”, no attempt was made to identify them (following the rule of interpretatio Slavica of the elements of Christianity). The belief in the autonomy of Triglav and Christ (“A German God”) was confirmed in Szczecin in the course of Otto’s evangelization which resulted in a Christian community in the city. The phenomenon of syncretism, present there until Otto’s second mission (1128), was therefore an attempt at maintaining unity in a religiously divided society following the first mission of the Apostle of Pomeranians (1124-1125).
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2012
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tom 67
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nr 4
31–52
EN
Silesia, as a distinct region, took shape along with the development of state and church structures under the Piast rule. Said formation of structures caused the dissolution of tribal relations. The central indicator of regional identity, the name belonging to the cultural legacy of barbaricum acquired a new meaning, territorial by nature and far removed from the primal meaning, belonging to multiple traditions, not necessarily all of them Silesian. Due to cultural interpretation the Ślęża mountain, a source of myths and an essential element of many legends as well as of the landscape has undergone a similar transformation. During the time under consideration the influence of so-called anthroporegional structure that reaches back to prehistoric times on the structure of settlement is noticeable. When compared to the tribal times the period of early state formation of the Piast Monarchy saw an increased influence of the river Oder as an axis for the establishment of administration in both state and church. Integration of the region has progressed around the centre located in Wrocław. The feudal fragmentation of 1138 halted this process. The divisions separated regions formerly belonging to one diocese and, most likely, one province as well. Among the issues significant for the formation of the region were, in the second half of the 12th and beginning of the 13th centuries, the limitation of the meaning of “Silesia” to the latter-day Lower Silesia, as well as defining its regional identity, in context of territorial authorities, to Silesian titulary rather than the one of Wrocław. This was a return to the naming tradition of the Ślężanie tribe. Silesia as a region became thusly an undeniable fact of the social and political life of the fragmented Poland, while the extension of Silesian territory to the upper part of the Oder river waited for the 14th century.
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