Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Chemia i technika radiacyjna

100%

Zimek Z.

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tom z. 4

14-20

2

Pasywne urządzenia do usuwania wodoru z obudowy bezpieczeństwa reaktora jądrowego

100%

Zimek Z.

|

tom z. 1

9--17

3

Liniowy akcelerator elektronów LAE 10. Budowa i przeznaczenie

63%

Zimek Z. , Dźwigalski Z.

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tom vol. 42, z. 2

9-17

PL

Akcelerator LAE 10 został uruchomiony w Zakładzie Chemii i Techniki Radiacyjnej ICHTJ.Urządzenie to jest przeznaczone do prowadzenia badań naukowych w zakresie chemii radiacyjnejmetodą radiolizy impulsowej , z wykorzystaniem układu automatycznej rejestracji pojedyńczych przebiegów kinetycznych z nanosekundową rozdzielczościa czasową.

4

Procesy radiacyjne w polipropylenie modyfikowanym melanianem rycynolo-2-oksazoliny

51%

Jeziórska R. , Sadło J. , Bojarski J. , Zimek Z.

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2000

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tom T. 45, nr 5

416-422

PL

Napromieniowano polipropylen (PP) oraz polipropylen modyfikowany maleinianem rycynylo-2-oksazoliny (MRO) wiązką elektronów 10 MeV (z akceleratora liniowego LAE 13/9) i powstające rodniki badano metodą EPR. Wykazano instnienie wpływu modyfikacji na mechanizm tworzenia się rodników.

EN

Polypropylene (PP) and ricinyl-2-oxazoline maleate-modified polypropylene were irradiated with a 10-MeV electron beam (from a LAE 13/9 linear accelerator). The resulting radicals were studied by electron paramegnetic resonance spectroscopy.

5

Zastosowanie taśm termokurczliwych z modyfikowanego radiacyjnie polietylenu do uszczelnień złącz rurowych

51%

Woźniak A. , Zimek Z. , Nowicki A.

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tom Vol. 50, nr 23

385-387

PL

Termokurczliwe taśmy wykonane z napromienionego polietylenu produkowane są w IChiTJ od wielu lat. Trójwymiarowa sieć wiązań pomiędzy łańcuchami polimeru tworzy się w trakcie procesu sieciowania inicjowanego promieniowaniem jonizującym. Efektem tego jest zjawisko pamięci kształtu. Usieciowanie wyrobów polietylenowych poprawia ich właściwości takie jak: elastyczność, udarność i odporność chemiczna oraz zmienia własności wytrzymałościowe i termiczne. Efekt pamięci kształtu wyrobów jest szeroko wykorzystywany w wielu zastosowaniach przemysłowych.

EN

Heat shrinkable tapes made from irradiated polyethylene have been produced at INCT for years. Three dimensional network of bonds is formed between polymer chains during cross-inking process initiated by ionizing radiation. It creates shape memory effect. Cross-inking of polyethylene products may improve their properties like flexibility, impact and chemical resistance and modified tensile and thermal properties. The memory effect of such products is widely used in many industrial applications.

6

Electron beam treatment of simulated marine diesel exhaust gases

51%

Licki J. , Pawelec A. , Zimek Z. , Witman-Zając S.

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tom Vol. 60, No. 3, part 2

689--695

EN

The exhaust gases from marine diesel engines contain high SO2 and NOx concentration. The applicability of the electron beam flue gas treatment technology for purification of marine diesel exhaust gases containing high SO2 and NOx concentration gases was the main goal of this paper. The study was performed in the laboratory plant with NOx concentration up to 1700 ppmv and SO2 concentration up to 1000 ppmv. Such high NOx and SO2 concentrations were observed in the exhaust gases from marine high-power diesel engines fuelled with different heavy fuel oils. In the first part of study the simulated exhaust gases were irradiated by the electron beam from accelerator. The simultaneous removal of SO2 and NOx were obtained and their removal efficiencies strongly depend on irradiation dose and inlet NOx concentration. For NOx concentrations above 800 ppmv low removal efficiencies were obtained even if applied high doses. In the second part of study the irradiated gases were directed to the seawater scrubber for further purification. The scrubbing process enhances removal efficiencies of both pollutants. The SO2 removal efficiencies above 98.5% were obtained with irradiation dose greater than 5.3 kGy. For inlet NOx concentrations of 1700 ppmv the NOx removal efficiency about 51% was obtained with dose greater than 8.8 kGy. Methods for further increase of NOx removal efficiency are presented in the paper.

7

Kompozycje polimerowe oparte na LDPE zastosowane do radiacyjnie sieciowanych taśm termokurczliwych

51%

Zimek Z. , Legocka I. , Mirkowski K. , Nowicki A.

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tom Vol. 50, nr 23

112-115

PL

Przeprowadzono badania nad możliwością opracowania kompozycji na bazie polietylenu niskiej gęstości LDPE sieciujących pod wpływem niższych niż tradycyjnie dawek promieniowania elektronowego a jednocześnie charakteryzujących się odpowiednimi właściwościami przetwórczymi i wytrzymałościowymi.

EN

Heat shrinkable tapes made of irradiated polyethylene have been produced for years. The memory effect of such product is widely used in many industrial applications. Lower dose required in radiation induced cross-linking process and better performances of the final products are scopes of the research at INCT. The effect of electron beam irradiation on blends of the LDPE with ionomer resin (Surlyn) has been investigated. The mechanical, rheological and thermal properties were been examinated.

8

Zastosowanie techniki radiacyjnej do otrzymywania napełniaczy bentonitowych i ich mieszanek z polipropylenem

51%

Zimek Z. , Przybytniak G. , Nowicki A. , Mirkowski K.

Inżynieria Materiałowa

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2006

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tom Vol. 27, nr 6

1333-1336

PL

Nanonapełniacze stanowią obszerną grupę cząsteczek stosowanych w kompozytach polimerowych i innych tworzywach w celu poprawy ich właściwości. Głównym problemem związanym z ich użyciem w tworzywach polimerowych jest niekompatybilność polimerów i nanonapełniaczy. Cząstki nieorganiczne są hydrofilowe, natomiast większość polimerów ma charakter hydrofobowy. W celu dobrego zdyspergowania napełniaczy w matrycy polimerowej powinny być one zmodyfikowane poprzez wytworzenie hydrofilowej warstwy na ich powierzchni. W przedstawionej pracy badano sposób modyfikacji warstwowych glinokrzemianów typu montmorylonitu występujących w bentonitach. Modyfikacje prowadzono stosując bezwodnik maleinowy i poddając otrzymany materiał napromieniowaniu wiązką szybkich elektronów z akceleratora. Mechanizm modyfikacji montmorylonitu tą metodą zbadano przy użyciu: WAXD, różnicowej kalorymetrii skaningowej, stosując EP R i widma FTIR. Zbadano właściwości mechaniczne kompozytów polipropylenu i modyfikowanych montmorylonitów. Najlepsze właściwości otrzymano dla modyfikowanego bezwodnikiem maleinowym specjalnie oczyszczanego bentonitu.

EN

Nanofillers are a wide range class of particles that are applied to polymeric composites and other materials to improve some of their properties. The main problem in the mixing process of polymers and fillers is incompatibility of these materials. Inorganic compounds are hydrophilic, while main types of polymers are hydrophobic. For good mixing the fillers should be modified to obtain hydrophobic layer at the surface. In recent work we have concentrated our attention on using a new method to modify of layered aluminumsilicates known as montmorillonites and occurred in bentonites. Modification of the different types of bentonite using maleic anhydride and other organic anhydrides as modifying agents and ionizing radiation as a grafting method shows that particles obtained in this process are good fillers for production of nanocomposites on a basis of polypropylene. Mechanism of modification of montmorillonite was tested using FTIR, EP R, WAXD and DSC techniques. The obtained polymeric materials were tested for mechanical. The features of some final materials were better than initial polypropylene. The best mechanical characteristics were obtained for polypropylene filled with modified domestic bentonite ”Special”.

9

Effect of ionizing radiation on the properties of PLA packaging materials

51%

Melski K. , Kubera H. , Głuszewski W. , Zimek Z.

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tom Vol. 56, No. 1

65-69

EN

Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) is attractive as a substitute for classical polymer packaging material due to its biodegradability and sufficient mechanical and barrier properties. Presented research was focused on the changes of basic mechanical parameters after ionizing irradiation performed with doses in the range of 2.5–25 kGy, commonly used in radiation sterilization and preservation of foods. Two commercial available PLA packaging films were tested. The influence of radiation dose on the mechanical properties – tensile strength and elongation were determined using standardized methods. Radiation resistance of PLA is sufficient for packaging applications. The investigations of gas products of radiolysis of PLA have been made by gas chromatography after electron beam (EB) irradiations.

10

Decomposition of toluene in air mixtures under electron beam irradiation

51%

Sun Y. , Chmielewski A. G. , Bułka S. , Zimek Z.

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2009

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tom Vol. 54, No. 2

65-70

EN

The model gases of toluene-air mixtures were prepared by blowing technical air into liquid toluene and then irradiated with an ILU-6 accelerator located at the Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology (INCT), Poland. It was found that the decomposition efficiency of toluene increases with absorbed dose and decreases with initial concentration of toluene. At 14.5 kGy dose, the decomposition efficiencies of toluene were 50, 37 and 34.5% for the initial concentrations of toluene 32.0, 63.4 and 78.0 ppm, respectively. At 58.0 kGy dose, the decomposition efficiencies of toluene were 93.8 and 78.1%, the initial concentrations of toluene being 32.0 and 63.4 ppm, respectively. Benzaldehyde was identified as one of the by-products of toluene decomposition in an air mixture. The decomposition efficiency and by-product formation under EB irradiation were compared between toluene and 4-chlorotoluene.

11

Klystron pulse modulator of linear electron accelerator: test results

45%

Zimek Z. , Dźwigalski Z. , Warchoł S. , Roman K. , Bułka S.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

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2009

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tom Vol. 37, nr 2

775-778

EN

Purpose: The purpose of the paper is to describe Klystron pulse modulator of linear electron accelerator. Design/methodology/approach: TH-2158 klystron modulator experimental model is based on semiconductor switch HTS 181-160 FI (acceptable current load 1600 A, and voltage up to 18 kV). The results of test measurements carried out during modulator starting up period are presented in this work. TH-2158 klystron was used as a load. The klystron was connected to the second winding of the pulse HV transformer with 1:10 windings turn ratio. The examined modulator is equipped with safety shutdown circuitry for protection against current overload that may appear at IGBT switch in the case of short-circuiting happened in klystron and waveguide system. Findings: Linear electron accelerator type LAE 10/15 with electron energy 10 MeV and beam power up to 15 kW was designed and completed at Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology. This accelerator was installed in facility for radiation sterilization single use medical devices, implants and tissue grafts. The standing wave accelerating section was selected. Microwave energy used for accelerating process is provided by klystron type TH-2158 working at frequency 2856 MHz. Practical implications: Described HV pulse modulator which designed and constructed for klystron TH-2158 was preliminary tested to evaluate the quality of the klystron HV and load current pulses and optimized selected component parameters. Obtained experimental results are better than those which were predicted by computer simulation method. Originality/value: Description of Klystron pulse modulator of linear electron accelerator.

12

Simulation of decomposition of dichloroethylenes (trans-DCE, cis-DCE, 1,1-DCE)/air under electron beam irradiation

45%

Sun Y. , Chmielewski G. , Bułka S. , Zimek Z. , Nichipor H.

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tom Vol. 52, nr 2

59-67

EN

On the basis of the experimental results, computer simulations of decomposition of dichloroethylenes for three isomers (trans-DCE, cis-DCE, 1,1-DCE) in air under electron beam were carried out. Computer code “Kinetic” and “Gear” method were used. Calculation results well agree with the experimental results. Decomposition efficiency of DCE is mainly determined by Cl- dissociated secondary electron attachment, followed by Cl radical addition reaction with DCE.

13

Operational experience of the industrial plant for electron beam flue gas treatment

45%

Chmielewski A. G. , Licki J. , Pawelec A. , Tymiński B. , Zimek Z.

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tom Vol. 13, nr 10

1057-1063

EN

Electron beam flue gas treatment technology is one of the most advanced technologies for air pollution control. The process, which has been developed in Japan, the United States, Germany and Poland, allows for simultaneous removal of SO2 and NOx in one-stage with high efficiency and by-product generated can be applied as fertilizer. Three industrial installations using this technology have been constructed in the world, two in China and one in Poland. Other plants are being constructed in China and Bulgaria. Chinese installations are designed mostly for S02 removal (since the NOx emission limits in China are not imposed up to now), so the Polish plant is the first installation for simultaneous desulfurization and denitrification of flue gases. The Polish plant, located in Electric Power Station Pomorzany in Szczecin, treats the flue gases emitted from two Benson boilers of 65 MWe and 100 MWth each. The flue gases of maximum flow rate of 270 000 Nm3/h are irradiated by four accelerators of 700 keV electron energy and 260 kW beam power each. Descriptions of the plant and the results obtained are presented in this paper. Removal efficiencies up to 95 % for SO2 and up to 70 % for NOx were achieved. Several thousand tons of the by-products were sold in the form of NPK fertilizer.

PL

Napromieniowanie spalin wiązką elektronów z akceleratora prowadzi do jednoczesnego usunięcia SO2 i NO, ze spalin. Jeśli do spalin przed ich napromieniowaniem dozuje się amoniak, wówczas w wyniku napromieniowania wytwarza się produkt końcowy w postaci mieszaniny siarczanu i azotanu amonu, który jest używany do nawożenia gleb. Pierwszą w Polsce przemysłową instalacją oczyszczania spalin węglowych tą metodą zbudowano w Elektrowni "Pomorzany" w Szczecinie. W instalacji oczyszcza się, do 270 000 Nm3 /h spalin. Do napromieniowania spalin użyto cztery akceleratory generujące wiązkę elektronów 700 keV 260 kW każdy. Uzyskuje się jednoczesne usunięcia NOx do 70 % i SO2 do 95 °%. Produkt końcowy z tej instalacji wykorzystuje fabryka nawozów sztucznych do produkcji nawozów granulowanych NPK. Przetestowano wpływ różnych parametrów operacyjnych na efektywność usunięcia SO2 i NOx. W pracy przedstawiono wpływ: miejsca dozowania amoniaku, stężenia wlotowego NOx temperatury spalin, stechiometrii amoniaku i dawki. Przeprowadzone badania potwierdziły przydatność tej technologii do oczyszczania spalin węglowych.

14

Reaktor do oczyszczania spalin metodą radiacyjną

45%

Chmielewski A. G. , Tymiński B. , Pawelec A. , Dobrowolski A. , Zimek Z.

|

tom T. 82, nr 8-9

1013-1015

15

Wybrane wyniki badań urządzeń i podzespołów liniowego akceleratora elektronów LAE 10/15

45%

Zimek Z. , Dźwigalski Z. , Warchoł S. , Roman K. , Bułka S.

|

2009

|

tom Vol. 50, nr 1

68-69

PL

Liniowy akcelerator elektronów typu LAE 10/15 o energii elektronów 10MeV i mocy średniej wiązki do 15kW został zaprojektowany i skompletowany w Instytucie Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej. Akcelerator ten jest instalowany w stacji sterylizacji radiacyjnej wyrobów medycznych jednorazowego użytku, implantów i przeszczepów. Zastosowano sekcję przyspieszającą elektrony z falą stojącą o częstotliwości roboczej 2856 MHz dostarczanej przez klistron typu TH-2158 francuskiej firmy Thales. W pracy prezentowane są wyniki badań modulatora zbudowanego w oparciu o półprzewodnikowy przełącznik typu HTS 181-160FI (dopuszczalny prąd obciążenia 1600 A, przy maksymalnym napięciu 18 kV), którego obciążeniem zamiast klistronu TH-2158 był układ rezystorów RL o rezystancji 8 Ω i 16 Ω. W normalnych warunkach eksploatacyjnych, rezystancja klistronu jest rzędu 1600 Ω, co odpowiada 16 Ω po pierwotnej stronie transformatora impulsowego klistronu o przekładni 1:10. Badany modulator zawiera układ zabezpieczający (wyłącznik bezpieczeństwa), przed nadmiernym wzrostem prądu obciążenia (na przykład w przypadku zwarcia w klistronie). Do głównych podzespołów wyłącznika bezpieczeństwa należy zespół ceramicznych rezystorów o rezystancji 50 mΩ, komparator LM 319 oraz bramka exclusive-OR typu 74F86.

EN

Linear electron accelerator type LAE 13/15 with electron energy 10 MeV and beam power 10...15 kW was designed and completed at Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology. This accelerator is being installed in facility for radiation sterilization expendable medical products, implants and tissue grafts. The standing wave accelerating section was selected with working frequency 2856 MHz provided by klystron TH-218 french Thales firm. The results of measurements carried out at the TH-2156 klystron modulator experimental model based on semiconductor switch HTS 181-160FI (acceptable current load 1600 A, with voltage up to 18 kV) are presented in this work. A set of resistors RL = 8 Ω and 16 Ω was used as a load instead of TH-2158 klystron. The klystron's resistance will be approximately 1600 Ω, what is the equivalent to 16 Ω measured at the primary side of pulse HV transformer with 1:10 windings tum ratio in normal work conditions. The examined modulator is equipped in safety (shutdown) circuitry for protection against current overload that may appear at IGBT switch in case of short-circuiting in klystron. The main parts of the design circuitry are: assembly of ceramic shunt resistors 50 mΩ, LM 319 voltage comparator and Exclu-sive-OR logical gate 74F86 type.

16

Functionalization of polymer surfaces by radiation-induced grafting

45%

Przybytniak G. , Kornacka E. M. , Mirkowski K. , Walo M. , Zimek Z.

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tom Vol. 53, No. 3

89-95

EN

The mutual radiation grafting of acrylic acid (AAc) onto polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP) and polystyrene (PS) films was performed. At first stage of investigations, the influence of ionizing radiation on the trunk polymers was studied, i.e. the level of radicals stable at room temperature and radiation yield of evolved hydrogen were estimated for each polymer. The measurements were carried out using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy and gas chromatography (GC), respectively. Radiation yields of radicals as well as hydrogen emission increased in the following order PS < PP < PE. Under comparable conditions, the same relationship was found for the yield of radiation-induced grafting of AAc. A distinct correlation between content of radicals generated by ionizing radiation in polymeric matrices and grafting degree was confirmed for the studied materials. The effect of monomer and inhibitor concentrations on the efficiency of processes were studied as well.

17

Theoretical study of dose and dose rate effect on trichloroethylene (HClC=CCl2) decomposition in dry and humid air under electron beam irradiation

45%

Nichipor H. , Yacko S. , Sun Y. , Chmielewski A. G. , Zimek Z.

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tom Vol. 53, No. 1

11-16

EN

Experimental data related to C2HCl3 (TCE) removal in dry and humid (200-1000 ppm of H2O) air, respectively, in ambient conditions under electron beam irradiation in the dose range of 1-40 kGy has been published in the literature. Based on the experimental results a theoretical model of C2HCl3 decomposition was proposed for the kinetic mechanism of such process. The active radicals of Cl, O and OH play an important role in the decomposition of TCE. According to the calculations performed, the Cl- dissociative electron attachment predominates in the initial stage of C2HCl3 decomposition. Cl radical accelerates this degradation by chain process in both humid and dry air, respectively. The OH radical produced in humid air also enhances the decomposition process of TCE.

18

The kinetics of 1,1-dichloroethene (CCl2=CH2) and trichloroethene (HClC=CCl2) decomposition in dry and humid air under the influence of electron beam

38%

Nichipor H. , Dashouk E. , Yacko S. , Chmielewski A. , Zimek Z. , Sun Y. , Vitale S.

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2003

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tom Vol. 48, nr 1

45-50

EN

New experimental data related to the removal of C2H2Cl2 and C2HCl3 in dry and humid (300 ppm of H2O) air at atmospheric pressure and a temperature of 25°C under the influence of electron beam in the dose range 1 < D < 100 kGy are published. Taking into account these experimental data, theoretical models of the decomposition of both compounds and computer simulations were performed by the present authors to find the kinetics of such processes. The influence of active atoms Cl, O and OH radicals on the VOC degradation process has been established. The theoretical model of C2H2Cl2 degradation under the influence of electron beam in dry and humid air describes the C2H2Cl2 decay and formation of the main products like Cl2, COCl2, CO, CO2, HCl, HCOCl and C2H2Cl2O. The results of calculation of the kinetics of C2H2Cl2 decomposition were compared with data obtained experimentally for the C2H2Cl2 concentration range 321-2213 ppm. It was established that the relation between the rate constants of intermediate product decomposition: C2H2Cl3O Ţ C2H2Cl2O + Cl; (k1) C2H2Cl3O Ţ COCl2 + CH2C2; (k2) should be k1/k2 = 40. The theoretical model of C2HCl3 degradation under the influence of electron beam in dry and humid air describes the C2HCl3 decay and formation of the main products like Cl2, COCl2, CO, CO2, HCl, HCOCl and C2HCl3O. A detailed comparison of experimental and theoretical data for the C2HCl3 concentration 108-3206 ppm shows that the relation between the rate constants of intermediate product decomposition: C2HCl4O Ţ C2HCl3O + Cl; (k3) C2HCl4O Ţ COCl2 + CHCl2; (k4) should be k3/k4 =10. It was also found that O2+ ions have been formed in a gas mixture as a result of charge transfer process from N2+ ions, partly in excited form, which may lead to charge transfer to C2HCl3 and degradation of those particles. According to performed calculation, it can be stated that in humid air (300 ppm of H2O) VOC degradation is occurring mainly due to a chain reaction stimulated by Cl atoms, but also OH radicals are playing an important role. In the described gas mixture, the OH radicals are formed in the following reactions: O2+) + H2O + M Ţ (O2+)H2O + M O2+ (H2O) + H2O Ţ O2 + (H3O+)OH (H3O+)OH + H2O Ţ H3O+ + OH + H2O VOC degradation process under the influence of electron beam is more effective in humid air than in dry air for the same initial VOC concentration level. This conclusion is also supported by experimental data. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

19

Impact of ionizing radiation on the properties of a hydrobiodegradable aliphatic - aromatic copolyester

38%

Kubera H. , Melski K. , Assman K. , Głuszewski W. , Migdał W. , Zimek Z. , Czaja-Jagielska N.

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tom Vol. 57, No. 4

621-626

EN

This paper presents the results of the studies on changes of selected quality parameters of hydrobiodegradable aliphatic-aromatic copolyester (AAC). Radiation treatment was performed at the Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology in Warsaw, using cobalt gamma-ray sources "Issledovatel" (dose rate 0.389 Gy/h) and "GC 5000" (8.5 Gy/h). The material was subjected to the impact of radiation doses of 5, 10, 20 and 40 kGy. Selected parameters of the packaging material, important from the standpoint of a potential application, have been studied: gaseous products of radiolysis, strength parameters in accordance with PN EN ISO 527-3, global migration PN-EN-1186-1:2002, FT-IR analysis using PCA method, contact angle measurement using the drop shape method. The results have demonstrated that there is no significant influence of ionizing radiation on AAC film parameters. Correlation between doses applied and values of measurements has not been found.

20

Electron beam technology for multicomponent air pollution control - a review of Polish activities

38%

Chmielewski A. G. , Iller E. , Tymiński B. , Zimek Z. , Licki J. , Ostapczuk A.

Transactions of the Institute of Fluid-Flow Machinery

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2000

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tom Nr 107

17-31

EN

The electron beam flue gas treatment technology has proved succesful in a pilot plant scale and came into industrial applications. Industrial installation is under operation at Chengdu Electric Power Station in China, another is under construction at EPS Nagoya in Japan. The Polish industrial installation is being examined for continuous operation. In this installation 270,000 Nm3/h will be purified with the efficiencies of simultaneous removal of 70% of SO2 and 80% of NOx. In the paper Polish experiences in design and constructions of EB plants are presented. Recent year brought new regulation and international obligation considering the emmission of organic compounds, and hence there is a need to look for new, effective methods to control these pollutants. The results of preliminary experiments in a pilot plant for volatile organic compounds removal by electron beam (EB) are presented as well.

PL

Technologia wykorzystująca wiązkę elektronów do oczyszczania gazów - przegląd dotyczący Polski. Technologia wykorzystująca wiązkę elektronów została sprawdzona w skali pilotowej i znalazła zastosowanie w skali przemysłowej. Instalacja przemysłowa tego typu pracuje w Elektrowni Chengdu w Chinach, kolejna jest budowana w EC w Nagoi (Japonia). Pierwsza polska instalacja tego typu jest testowana przed rozpoczęciem pracy ciągłej. Podczs pracy instalacji 270.000 Nm3/h gazu będzie oczyszczane z efektywnością usuwania 70% SO2 i 80% NOx jednocześnie. W publikacji omówiono polskie doświadczenia w projektowaniu i konstruowaniu instalacji. Ostatnie lata przyniosły nowe regulacje dotyczące emisji lotnych związków organicznych, w związku z tym istnieje potrzeba poszukiwania nowych, efektywnych metod usuwania również tych związków. Przedstawiono również wyniki wstępnych badań napromienia wiązką elektronów lotnych związków organicznych w skali pilotowej.