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3 Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

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Redox mediators assisted-degradation of direct yellow 4

100%

Nouren S. , Bhatti H. N. , Iqbal M. , Bibi I. , Nazar N. , Iqbat D. N. , Kanwal Q. , Kausar A. , Hussain F.

tom 26

nr 6

Direct yellow 4 degradation was investigated in the presence of various mediators (p-coumaric acid, 1, hydroxybenzotriazole (HOBT), syringaldehyde, vanillin, syringic acid, veratryl alcohol, and pyrocatechol) at pre-optimized conditions of process variables, i.e., pH 5.0, temperature 50ºC, enzyme dose 24 U/mL, and 0.25 mM H₂O₂ concentration. Citrus limon peroxidase (CL-POD) was used for degradation of DY4 dye. In the absence of mediators, the DY4 degradation was 60%, whereas mediators enhanced the POD biodegradation efficiency up to 87%. Among mediators investigated, syringaldehyde showed promising efficiency. We investigated yringaldehyde concentrations in the range of 0.0125-0.5 mM, and 0.025 mM was optimum for maximum dye degradation, which revealed that mediators could be used to enhance the biodegradation of dyes.

Vitality and implication of natural products from Viburnum Grandiflorum: an eco-friendly approach

100%

Suleman M. , Nouren S. , Hassan S. M. , Faiz A. H. , Sahr G. A. , Soomro G. A. , Tahir M. A. , Iqbal M. , Nazir A.

nr 3

In this study we screened Viburnum grandiflorum for bioactive secondary metabolites and biological activity. Secondary metabolites were detected by phytochemical tests, and biological activity was confirmed through antimicrobial and anti-oxidant assays. Phytochemical screening (alkaloidal, tannins, terpenoids, flavonoids, anthraquinones, and glycosides) was performed with methanol, and aqueous and ethyl acetate extracts. Antibacterial activity against four bacterial strains — staphylococcus auries, Escherichia Coli, Bacillus subtillus, and salmonella typhi – were measured. Methanolic extract showed maximum inhibitory activity with diameter of zone of inhibition (11.66 mm), followed by n-hexane extract (9.33 mm) and then ethyl acetate extract. Four different fungi (Penicillium chrysogenum, Aspergillus flavus, Rhodotorula mucilaginosa, and Stachybotrys chartarum) were also tested against plant stem extract using different solvents. Dimethyl sulfoxide extract showed a maximum zone of inhibition at 20 mg/ml. Anti-oxidant activity of stem extract of Viburnum grandiflorum was evaluated by 1, 1-diphenyl- 2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH). Then we measured absorbance, and percentage activity at each concentration was found for three solvent extracts to get Ic50 values. These data support Viburnum grandiflorum as having enough potential to be used safely as an antimicrobial drug.

Sweet lime-mediated decolorization of textile industry effluen

80%

Nouren S. , Sarwar M. , Muhi-ud-Din G. , Yameen M. , Bhatti H. N. , Soomro G. A. , Suleman N. , Bibi I. , Kausar A. , Nazir A. , Iqbal M.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

2019

tom 28

nr 1

This study looks at using partially purified peroxidase extracted from peels of sweet lime (Citrus limetta) for decolorizing textile industry effluent. The ideal pH and thermal conditions of the enzyme were 7 and 35ºC. The Km and Vmax for guaiacol were 0.66 mM and 6666 μmol/mL/min, respectively. We found that sweet lime peroxidase was very effective in decolorizing textile industry effluent. Almost complete decolorization (>99 %) of effluent was attained at a pH of 5.0, temperature of 55ºC, H₂O₂ concentration of 2 mM, and enzyme dose of 40 U/mL within 60 minutes of incubation. The effluent was also analysed in terms of physicochemical parameters before and after treatment with sweet lime peroxidase. The reduction in toxicity after the enzymatic treatment was evidenced by chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total suspended solids (TSS) values.