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The Experience of Systemic Transformation in Contemporary Biographical Narratives of Older Poles

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Życzyńska-Ciołek D.

Qualitative Sociology Review

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2019

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tom 15

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nr 4

20-45

EN

The aim of this article is to explore whether-from the subjective perspective of people born before the end of WWII-systemic transformation brought about significant changes in their individual lives, and if yes-what was the meaning of those changes for them. In particular, I examine how experiences related to the events that preceded systemic transformation in Poland or took place during its most intensive stage are reflected in contemporary biographical narratives of 49 persons aged 72 or more, for whom the period of professional activity, in whole or in major part, occurred in the times of the Polish People’s Republic. I perform the analysis in three steps. First, I investigate the place of systemic transformation in the narratives, and consider the reasons why it is relatively often absent or poorly reflected there. Second, I present thematic motifs prevailing in those interviews where references to the systemic change appear. In the third step, I investigate the meaning of experiences connected with transformation for the narrators, the accompanying emotions-some of them still persisting-and ways in which the narrators incorporated those experiences into their biographies. The underlying narratives come from people who were drawn for a nationwide quantitative panel survey many years ago, in 1987, and participated in it for the next 25-30 years.

2

Caught in a Matrix of Factors: A Pilot Study of Female Retirees Receiving Below-Minimum Pension Payments

63%

Bieńkowski S. , Życzyńska-Ciołek D.

Qualitative Sociology Review

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2023

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tom 19

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nr 3

52-72

EN

Pension systems based on an insurance model were originally designed for male breadwinners who worked under permanent contracts without career breaks. Since their inception, women’s participation in the workforce has increased significantly, but on average, their employment career paths are still shorter and less linear compared to those that men enjoy. Demographic changes have prompted many countries to reform their pension systems to ensure long-term financial sustainability. And to varying degrees, such reforms also have looked to address the issue of short careers. In Poland, reforms introduced in 1999 brought about significant changes to the rules governing pension entitlement. That led to the emergence of a new category of retirees-those who had contributed to the pension system for a short period and consequently received very low pensions. This article provides an overview of an exploratory qualitative pilot study conducted in 2018 with nine women who were in receipt of benefits from the Polish universal pension system, which amounted to less than the so-called ‘lowest retirement pension’ being granted at that time. The analysis makes recourse to the concept of employment career and its connection to retirement to identify various life-course determinants that contributed to their situation. These factors include childhood and adolescent adversities that affected educational attainment; domestic and caregiving responsibilities coupled with cultural expectations and insufficient institutional support; the labor market situation, and the inability to document certain employment periods. The research material indicates that a significant portion of the work performed by the interviewees throughout their lives did not translate into a pension benefit, as it either involved unpaid domestic and caregiving duties; or work performed without formal contracts.

3

Od kwestionariuszowego badania próby losowej do pogłębionej analizy życiowych przypadków – i z powrotem. Dwa wywiady biograﬁczne i kilka reﬂeksji teoretycznych

63%

Filipkowski P. , Życzyńska-Ciołek D.

Studia Socjologiczne

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2016

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nr 3(222)

229-254

PL

W wielu wariantach tzw. metody biograﬁcznej w socjologii zaleca się, aby opowieść o życiu rozmówcy (life story) uzupełnić wiedzą kontekstową, dotyczącą historii życia tej osoby (life history). W praktyce rzadko się to robi, głównie ze względu na brak dostępu do równoległych źródeł informacji. W tym artykule przedstawiamy dwa wywiady narracyjno-biograﬁczne, które zostały przeprowadzone z respondentami Polskiego Badania Panelowego POLPAN i w związku z tym ich analiza mogła zostać wzbogacona o wiedzę pochodzącą ze zgromadzonych w latach 1987–2013 wywiadów kwestionariuszowych (danych ilościowych). Prezentujemy sposób zestawienia materiałów i wnioski, jakie płyną z dokonanego porównania dla interpretacji danych pochodzących z różnych źródeł. Artykuł ma charakter przede wszystkim empiryczny, jednak zawiera także reﬂeksje dotyczące (1) podziałów i napięć wewnątrzdyscyplinarnych w socjologii, (2) trudności w łączeniu odmiennych metod badawczych na poziomie danych, a nie tylko wniosków.

EN

In many variants of the so-called biographical method in sociology it is recommended that the interviewee’s story about his or her life (life story) should be supplemented with contextual knowledge concerning the history of this person’s life (life history). In practice, this recommendation is rarely implemented, mainly because of the lack of access to parallel sources of information. In this article we present two biographical narrative interviews which have been conducted with respondents of the Polish Panel Survey POLPAN and for which it was possible to enrich the analysis by knowledge derived from questionnaire interviews (quantitative data) gathered between 1987 and 2013. We describe the way in which the interviews have been juxtaposed with the information recorded in the questionnaires and – based on this comparison – present suggestions for the interpretation of data from such different sources. The article is mainly empirical but also contains some reﬂections on (1) intradisciplinary divisions and tensions in sociology, (2) difﬁculties in combining different research methods on the data level rather than the level of conclusions.

4

From a Case to a Case Study-And Back, or on the Search for Everyman in Biographical Research

63%

Filipkowski P. , Życzyńska-Ciołek D.

Przegląd Socjologii Jakościowej

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2019

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tom 15

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nr 2

40-57

PL

Socjologiczne jakościowe badania biograficzne wyróżnia zainteresowanie przypadkiem. Jednocześnie dąży się w nich – często za pośrednictwem studium przypadku – do zrozumienia lub wyjaśnienia zjawisk ponadindywidualnych, powtarzalnych, do pewnego stopnia ogólnych. W artykule przyglądamy się sposobowi traktowania przypadków w socjologii biograficznej. Przedstawiamy własne doświadczenia empiryczne, polegające na przeprowadzeniu autobiograficznych wywiadów narracyjnych z uczestnikami ogólnopolskiego, panelowego badania surveyowego, którzy zostali do niego przed laty wylosowani. Pokazujemy, jakie konsekwencje – metodologiczne i teoretyczne – może mieć taki, nietypowy dla socjologii biograficznej, sposób doboru przypadków. Zastanawiamy się, czy i do jakiego stopnia doświadczenie „zwykłego człowieka”, everymana, może zostać odzwierciedlone w pracach socjologicznych opartych na metodzie biograficznej.

EN

Sociological, qualitative, biographical research is distinguished by its interest in the case. At the same time, this research seeks-often through case studies-to understand or explain supraindividual, repetitive phenomena which are, to some extent, general. In this article, we look at how cases are treated in biographical sociology. We present our own empirical experience, consisting in autobiographical narrative interviews with participants of a nationwide panel survey, who were randomly drawn to the panel many years ago. We show the possible consequences, both methodological and theoretical, of this way of selecting cases, quite unusual for biographical sociology. We wonder whether and to what extent the experience of the “ordinary person,” the Everyman, can be reflected in sociological works based on the biographical method.

5

Od redaktorów: Wokół rewizyt badawczych i reinterpretacji socjologicznych danych jakościowych

51%

Filipkowski P. , Karkowska M. , Straczuk J. , Życzyńska-Ciołek D.

Przegląd Socjologii Jakościowej

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2019

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tom 15

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nr 1

6-13

EN

The article is an introduction to the collection of texts presented in this issue on various prospects and opportunities for re-using data from qualitative social research. We reflect on how such re-analyses influence the deeper thinking about methodological issues connected to research activity in the field, the status of the data and the contexts of their production and the character of sociological knowledge created on their basis. We are also trying to summarise the six years of activity of the Qualitative Data Archive at the IFiS PAN and describe the changes that have taken place at this time in the approach to sharing research data both in Poland and abroad.

PL

Artykuł jest wstępem do zbioru prezentowanych w tym numerze tekstów na temat różnych sposobów i możliwości powtórnego wykorzystania materiałów pochodzących z jakościowych badań społecznych. Zastanawiamy się, jak taka powtórna analiza wpływa na pogłębienie refleksji metodologicznej na temat działalności badawczej w terenie, statusu samych danych i kontekstów ich wytwarzania oraz tworzonej na ich podstawie wiedzy socjologicznej. Próbujemy również podsumować sześć lat działalności Archiwum Danych Jakościowych przy IFiS PAN oraz opisać zmiany, jakie dokonały się w tym czasie w podejściu do dzielenia się materiałami badawczymi zarówno u nas w kraju, jak i za granicą.