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WITOLD AULICH (1889 -1948). CONSTRUCTOR AND THEORETICIAN OF THE MACHINES (Witold Aulich (1889-1948) - konstruktor i teoretyk maszyn)

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Pylak K.

tom 55

nr 1

91-119

Witold Aulich, a professor of the Institute of Technology in Lvov, was one of the most interesting personages in Polish technological thought in the inter-war period. He specialized in construction of turbines, science of mechanics, typography and theory of mechanisms. He was also interested in methodology of creating optimum conditions for building machines and also in economic issues that were firmly connected with the discussed domain. Aulich propagated new trends and research methods in the field of technological sciences and engineers' education, and was a precursor of several branches and interdisciplinary solutions. He backed up the idea of humanizing the education of engineers and improving on the activity of technologists in the field of economic sciences and within social and economic activity. In the article were discussed in short all available and published before World War II works of Witold Aulich. There was also presented a short biography of the author together with a list of his works and speeches. A description of the scientific output was divided in several subjects as, for example, theory of constructions, theory of mechanisms, educational and didactic conceptions, economic and social issues, or interdisciplinary solutions. There were also revealed main peculiarities of Aulich's output that were important for the development of Polish technological and economic thought in past and for original and interesting modern interpretations.

Wkład Feliksa Kucharzewskiego (1849-1935) w dzieło powstania Politechniki Warszawskiej

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Pylak K.

Kwartalnik Historii Nauki i Techniki

2019

tom T. 64, nr 3

7--34

The paper presents a chronological and thematic juxtaposition and discussion of Feliks Kucharzewski’s publications on higher technical education, curricula, technical universities in Western countries and Russia, as well as their history and development trends. It emphasizes the fact that the extensive collection of his publications (from the end of the 19th to the first decades of the 20th century) served first to popularize the idea of establishing a Polish technical university in Warsaw, and then to shape its organization and graduates’ profiles in accordance with the best western standards and the needs of the Polish economy. Kucharzewski participated in all activities aimed at establishing a Polish technical university. He initiated discussions on this initiative and endeavoured to retain such an idea in the public awareness and concretised it. He recalled previous Polish attempts and achievements in this area, as well as promoted best practices from other countries. Kucharzewski was one of the most active team members creating projects of both the Tsar Nicolas II Warsaw Polytechnic Institute in 1898 and Warsaw University of Technology in 1915. He also participated in the creation of curricula for both universities. His extensive activity was refl ected in numerous readings and writings discussed in this paper. His exceptional contribution to the creation of Warsaw University of Technology was appreciated by its community, which granted him the title of the honorary professor.