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2 Ochrona Zabytków

2 1971

2 Sieroszewski W.

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Nowe inicjatywy UNESCO w dziedzinie ochrony dóbr kultury

100%

Sieroszewski W.

nr 1

3-8

III his article the author discusses the proposal submitted by the Director General of UNESCO at the last XiVI Session of General Meeting with the aim to regulate at an international level the problems connected with protection of cultural property having all-human importance. The proposal under discussion was based on a report worked out by a staff of experts stating that there exists a certain category of monuments, assemblies and historical sites for whose protection (in view of their immense value for the mankind and financial burdens of preservation) should be made responsible not only the countries where the above properties are located, but the international community as well. It seems, therefore, to be highly desirable that a convention be signed enabling to establish an international organization ready to save this cultural property in cases of sudden dangers. It has also been suggested that the intended new organization should act within the UNESCO, nevertheless, it should be provided with its own executive body and an Advisory Council composed of representatives of non-governmental international organizations like ICOM, ICOMOS, the Research Centre, Rome and s.o., and besides of a certain number of personally invited specialists. This new organization should, of course, be provided with adequate funds. All the help needed for endangered cultural property would be allocated on a basis of proposal submitted by a country concerned but the allocations should be made cl ©pending upon a considerable share of country wishing to save her national heritage. It is foreseen that the draft of the said convention after discussion and its adopting by a Committee of Experts will be ready to be passed at the XIVIII Session of General Meeting to be held in October- -November, 1972.

Czy ustawa o ochronie dóbr kultury i o muzeach dojrzała do nowelizacji : artykuł dyskusyjny

100%

Sieroszewski W.

nr 3

163-172

Analysing the Act of February 15, 1962 covering the problems of cultural property protection and museums in view of experiences gathered during nine years elapsed from the date of its coming into force the author expresses an opinion that, considering the problem from a general viewpoint, though it has satisfactorily wiithstood the test of practical application and considerably contributed to stabilization and to making the protection of cultural property in this country more efficient some of its detailed provisions, no doubt, require corrections and amendments. Remarks made by the author to particular articles of the Act in question are listed below. Above all the article 4 seems to him to be inconsistent and even conflicting with some others elsewhere in the text (e.g. articles 18 and 4*1). He also advances c ritical opinions as to the definition of „an evident historical monument” considering it as being not precise enough and thus causing misunderstandings and controversial interpretations. Furthermore, commenting the article 6 concerning the „monuments of history”, the author suggests the abolition of their compulsory inscription in the International Register of Cultural Property under Special Care in accordance with provisions of the Hague Convention of 1954 since the stipulations accompanying this particular provision practically make it impossible ,at all to declare a monument as „a monument of history”. The author also suggests the need to define more precisely in the Act itself or in regulations issued on its basis by the Minister of Culture and Art the responsibilities of historical monument conservators at the district and town levels (article 8) and, in addition, to include to th e Act provisions with respect to voivodship offices of historical monument documentation which, although already put into being, have not up to now been provided with ,an unquestionably legal basis for the ir activities (proposed article 8 a). It also seems to the author to be necessary to call a new advisory body assisting the Minister of Culture and Art able to replace the freshly abolished Council of Culture and Art (article 10). To protect the sites of archaeological interest the author proposes to include them provisionally to the Register of Historical Monuments. On completion of excavations and examination of cultural s tra ta and with the relics found transferred to a respective museum such a reg istration should automatically be cancelled (article 1/6). Other proposals regard the augmenting the au th o rities of conservators to enable them to make examinations of alleged cultural property at any place it can be found which th e procedure has been made difficult according to existing provisions requiring from conservator to agree previously this examination with the owner of cu ltu ral property (article 18). At the isame time, however, th e author declares himself for confining the number of cases and reducing the time of temporary requisition of cultural property endangered by destruction, damage or illicit exportation. This temporary requisition could, for instance, last three years and a fte r th a t period the cultural property should be alienated or returned to its owner or user (article 37). With regard to collections (article 55 and the next ones) the author proposes to reserve to the Minister of Culture and Art the right tp define precisely what requirements should be fulfilled by a collection th a t it could be considered as one in accordance with provisions of the Act, and also how it can be augmented and managed by the owner. In addition to 'the above, the author puts forward a number of proposals aimed a t harmonizing the Act’s provisions with Other acts published a fte r its coming into force and particularly with an uniform te x t of th e Building Repair and Reconstruction Act in its version from il968 (article 32), the Code of Civil Laws from 1964: (article 24) and the Code of Criminal Laws from 1969 (articles 73—> 79) and also at enabling to adapt to provisions of the Convention of 1969 referring to measures that should be undertaken to prevent the illicite imports, exports and tran sfe rs of cultural property (new articles 76 a, b, and c).