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The study of arterial anastomoses in the region of the alveolar process and the anterior maxilla wall in foetuses

100%

Rysz M. , Kolesnik A. , Lewinska B. , Ciszek B.

nr 2

The anterior maxilla wall and alveolar process are covered by the arterial network. Procedures in this region can cause heavy bleeding. Knowledge of the anatomical course of a particular artery is essential for performing surgery in this area. The aim of this study was to search for and then analyse anastomoses between the infraorbital and posterior superior alveolar artery. In the study, 19 maxillas of foetuses were analysed. The arteries were injected with coloured latex. The dissection was carried out using a surgical microscope and microsurgical equipment. The lower eyelid with cheek skin was separated and the facial muscles were cut to expose the maxilla and arteries of the alveolar process. The study revealed that in 10 out of 19 of the specimens there was an arterial connection between the infraorbital and posterior superior alveolar artery. The course of the analysed anastomosis was diverse. In all cases we observed an anterior superior alveolar artery. In all specimens the alveolar process was vascularised by many arteries originating from the analysed anastomosis. The location of the analysed anastomosis can be stated before operation, on the line between the medial eye angle and the sixth tooth of the same side. The anastomosis described in the study means that caudally running arteries are important in choosing incisions in procedures performed at the alveolar process. (Folia Morphol 2009; 68, 2: 65–69)

Morphology of the aortic valve of Gallus gallus f. domestica

88%

Bartyzel B. J. , Charuta A. , Barszcz K. , Kolesnik A. , Kobryn H.

nr 1

147-151

The aim of the research was to determine the morphological types of the aortic valve of domestic fowl. One hundred and six birds were used in the study (52 males and 54 females). Sections at various levels were made as well as corrosion preparations. Morphologically, two types of valves were distinguished: a tricuspid valve and a quadricuspid valve. The quadricuspid structure of the aortic valve is very rare in the animal world, whereas in the humans, it is most frequently connected with existing inborn defects of great vessels.

Probabilistic approach for the determination of cuts permissible braking modes on the gravity humps

75%

Bobrovskyi V. , Kozachenko D. , Dorosh A. , Demchenko E. , Bolanovska T. , Kolesnik A.

tom T. 11, z. 1

147--155

The paper presents the research results of cuts braking modes on the gravity humps. The objective of this paper is developing the methods for assessment of braking modes of cuts under conditions of fuzziness of their rolling properties, as well as selecting the permissible starting speed range of cuts from retardant positions. As a criterion for assessing the modes of target control of cut rolling speed, it was proposed to use an average gap size on a classification track at the established norms of probable exceeding of permissible speed of cars collision and their stop in retarders. As a criterion for evaluating the modes of interval control of cuts rolling speed, using the risk of their nonseparation on the switches was proposed. Using the simulation modeling and mathematical statistics, the configuration of the range of permissible speed of cuts coming out from retardant positions has been set. The conducted researches allow simplifying the choice of cut braking modes in systems of automatic control of cut rolling speed.

В статье представлены результаты исследований режимов торможе-ния отцепов на сортировочных горках. Целью статьи является разработка методов оценки режимов торможения отцепов в условиях неопределенности их ходовых характеристик, а также поиск области допустимых скоростей выхода отцепов из тормозных позиций. В качестве критерия для оценки режимов прицельного регу-лирования скорости скатывания отцепов предложено использовать среднюю вели-чину окна на сортировочном пути при установленных нормах вероятности превы-шения допустимых скоростей соударения вагонов и остановки их в замедлителях. В качестве критерия для оценки режимов интервального регулирования скорости скатывания отцепов предложено использовать риск их неразделения на стрелках. Спомощью методов имитационного моделирования и математической статистики установлена конфигурация области допустимых споростей выхода отцепов из тор-мозных позиций. Выполненные исследования позволяют упростить решение задачи выбора режимов торможения отцепов в системах автоматического управления скоростью их скатывания.