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1

Game Intensity Analysis of Elite Adolescent Ice Hockey Players

100%

Stanula A. , Roczniok R.

Journal of Human Kinetics

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2014

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tom 44

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nr 1

211-221

EN

The purpose of this study was to determine ice-hockey players’ playing intensity based on their heart rates (HRs) recorded during a game and on the outcomes of an incremental maximum oxygen uptake test. Twenty ice-hockey players, members of the Polish junior national team (U18), performed an incremental test to assess their maximal oxygen uptake (V̇ O2max) in the two week’s period preceding 5 games they played at the World Championships. Players’ HRs at the first and second ventilatory thresholds obtained during the test were utilized to determine intensity zones (low, moderate, and high) that were subsequently used to classify HR values recorded during each of the games. For individual intensity zones, the following HRs expressed as mean values and as percentages of the maximal heart rate (HRmax) were obtained: forwards 148-158 b⋅min-1 (79.5-84.8% HRmax), 159-178 b⋅min-1 (85.4-95.6% HRmax), 179-186 b⋅min-1 (96.1-100.0% HRmax); defensemen 149-153 b⋅min-1 (80.0-82.1% HRmax), 154-175 b⋅min-1 (82.6- 94.0% HRmax), 176-186 b⋅min-1 (94.5-100.0% HRmax). The amount of time the forwards and defensemen spent in the three intensity zones expressed as percentages of the total time of the game were: 54.91 vs. 55.62% (low), 26.40 vs. 22.38% (moderate) and 18.68 vs. 22.00% (high). The forwards spent more time in the low intensity zone than the defensemen, however, the difference was not statistically significant. The results of the study indicate that using aerobic and anaerobic metabolism variables to determine intensity zones can significantly improve the reliability of evaluation of the physiological demands of the game, and can be a useful tool for coaches in managing the training process.

2

The direction of the changes of rates of the internal and external training load under the influence of high-altitude hypoxia on mountain bikers

80%

Gabrys T. , Szmatlan-Gabrys U. , Stanula A.

Physical Activity Review

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2019

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nr 7

40-48

EN

The aim of the research carried out was to establish the direction, and scope of the changes in internal, and external load indicator values in cyclists, men, and women, in high-altitude hypoxia conditions. The participants of the study were mountain bike cyclists, members of Russian and Polish Nationals Teams (women n=11, men n=9). They have done the graded incremental exercise test at the altitude of 170 m (Lonato del Garda, Italy) and 2250 m (Livignio-Trepale Italy). In the course of effort VO2, VE, VCO2 was measured by means of K4b2 analyser (Cosmed Italy). Effort intensity was determined at ventilators thresholds VT1 (AT), and VT2. Internal and external load indicators undergo changes during physical effort in cyclists under the influence of high altitude hypoxia. In groups of men and women, the changes in indicator values reach VE: 9% and 12%, HR: 0,5% and 15, O2HR: 7% and 15%, VO2: 14% and 20% respectively, as well as a decrease in 5 and 4% of the generated power, respectively. A decrease in the generated power by 5%, higher ventilation, amounting to 10%, a higher VO2max, amounting to 17% in hypoxic conditions, in comparison with the conditions similar to those at sea level, show that it is necessary to modify training loads.

3

Diastasis of the rectus abdominis muscle in early postpartum women

70%

Matloch D. , Opala-Berdzik A. , Stanula A. , Ciszek M. , Kucio C.

Medical Rehabilitation

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2019

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tom 23(1)

11-15

PL

Cel pracy: Rozejście mięśni prostych brzucha to poszerzenie kresy białej i rozsunięcie brzuśców mięśni prostych na boki. Problem ten najczęściej dotyczy kobiet w ciąży i po porodzie. Celem pracy było sprawdzenie częstości występowania rozstępu mięśni prostych brzucha u kobiet we wczesnym połogu oraz odpowiedź na pytanie, czy istnieje zależność pomiędzy szerokością kresy białej a liczbą przebytych porodów. Metody: W pracy wykorzystano dane z wywiadu oraz wyniki testu na rozpoznanie rozejścia mięśni prostych brzucha wykonanego u 52 kobiet będących między trzecią a piątą dobą po porodzie. Do zbadania zależności między zmiennymi wykorzystano test niezależności chi2 Pearsona. Do określenia siły związku pomiędzy cechami zastosowano współczynnik korelacji rangowej Spearmana. Wyniki: U 33 z 52 kobiet (63%) stwierdzono rozejście mięśni prostych brzucha na wysokości pępka. Analiza statystyczna wykazała umiarkowaną dodatnią zależność pomiędzy szerokością kresy białej a liczbą przebytych porodów (r = 0,4; p < 0,05). Rozejście mięśni prostych brzucha dotyczyło 14 z 28 pierworódek (50%) oraz 19 z 24 wieloródek (79%; p < 0,05). Wnioski: Wyniki niniejszej pracy wskazują, że problem rozejścia mięśni prostych brzucha dotyczył ponad połowy kobiet we wczesnym połogu. U wieloródek może istnieć większe ryzyko wystąpienia rozejścia mięśni prostych niż u pierworódek.

EN

Aim of study: Diastasis recti abdominis is a widening of the linea alba leading to separation of the recti muscles. This abnormality concerns mainly women during their perinatal period. The objective of this study is to determine the incidence of diastasis recti abdominis in women during their early postpartum period. We also attempted to verify the relationship between the women’s linea alba width and the number of their deliveries. Methods: In this study, data from medical interviews as well as the results of a diastasis recti test among 52 women between their 3rd and 5th day after delivery were analysed. Pearson’s Chi2 and Spearman’s correlation tests were used to search for relationships between variables. Results: Among the 52 women, 33 (63%) demonstrated increased separation of recti muscles (a positive diastasis recti test at the level of the umbilicus). Statistical analysis indicated a moderate positive correlation between the width of linea alba and the number of deliveries (r = 0.4; p < 0.05). Diastasis recti abdominis occurred in 14 of the 28 primigravidas (50%) and in 19 of the 24 multigravidas (79%; p < 0.05). Conclusions: The results of this study indicate that over half of the women in the early postpartum period had diastasis of the recti abdominis muscles. In multiparous women, there may be a higher risk of diastasis recti abdominis occurrence.

4

Obesity in 18-25-year-olds in relation to their physical activity, and lifestyle

70%

Gabrys T. , Nowak Z. , Michalski C. , Szmatlan -Gabrys U. , Stanula A.

Physical Activity Review

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2018

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tom 6

64-72

EN

The quality of life is a multidimensional notion. When studying it, one should take the physical, the psychological, the social, and the professional aspects into consid eration. Among them, the notion of the influence of obesity, understood as a modern -age disease, relates the quality of life to the notion of health, in the aspect of physical activity. The aim of the study carried out, was to determine the relationship be tween obesity in 18 -25 year - olds, and their physical activity, as well as the quality of their lives. The study was carried out by means a WHOQOL - BREF, and IPAQ survey questionnaires carried out on a group of 100 participants. The control group included pe ople whose BMI was within the norm, whereas the study group comprised people whose BMI was over 25. The results of the study have shown obesity to have a statistically significant negative impact on the quality of life in the physical, and mental domains, and as far as the general perception of health was concerned. In the study group, the mean weekly energy expenditure, was lower than in the control group. The physical activity of the obese, includes, mainly, activities based on light effort, and to a less er extent, those based on moderate effort. A comparative analysis has shown the level of physical activity to be significantly lower in obese women, in each type of physical effort, except light effort. This difference does not exist between the study, and control groups of men.

5

Time Series Approach To Athletes Motor Potential

61%

Maszczyk A. , Roczniok R. , Pietraszewski P. , Stanula A. , Zając A. , Gołaś A.

Polish Journal of Sport and Tourism

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2012

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tom 19

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nr 2

103-106

EN

Introduction. The aim of this study was to determine the dynamics of changes in selected motor abilities of javelin throwers and to determine predictors of javelin throw distances. Material and methods. Research material included the results obtained from a group of 60 competitors from the Silesia Region of Poland, aged 14 - 15 years. In order to answer the research question, the following statistical analysis were employed: Pearson's linear correlation coefficients, vectors R0 and R1, time series analysis, distributed lag analysis and Almon distributed lag analysis and coefficient of concordance φ2Results. The correlation analyzes allowed for a selection of two variables for further analyses: specific strength of arms and trunk (SSAT) and specific strength of shoulders girdle and trunk (SSGT). Calculated indexes revealed that the level of SSAT showed a constant upward tendency (+15%). The highest rise in SSAT level was recorded in the 4th and 5th quarter (+9%). The level of SSGT showed an upward tendency nearly (+6%). In this case, the highest rise was observed in the 7th and 8th quarter (+4.5%). Conclusions. The standardized regression analysis revealed that the variable of specific power of arms and trunk (SOBT) is the most important predictor for javelin throw distance with a full approach run.

6

A Proposal for Special Kickboxing Fitness Test

61%

Ambroży T. , Omorczyk J. , Stanula A. , Kwiatkowski A. , Błach W. , Mucha D. , Kędra A.

Security Dimensions: International & National Studies

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2016

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tom 20(20)

96-110

EN

The aim of this study is to evaluate validity and reliability of a new special kickboxing fitness test. The test can be also useful in such combat sports as karate, taekwondo, ju-jitsu and MMA. The study group was 25 elite level athletes from the KS Gladiator club in Grybów. The test was repeated in the same group for three times. In order to evaluate test reliability, test results were compared to the results obtained by study participants in two special fitness tests proposed by Sterkowicz1 . The statistical analysis of the results was also performed. The analysis of the results presented in this study shows that the specific character of the movements typical of the kickboxing fight justifies the introduction of the tests based on kicks and punches to the test battery that evaluates special fitness. Furthermore, the new special fitness test proposed in this study can be used for selection and interpretation of the achievements of kickboxers since it offers a reliable, valid and user-friendly research tool.

7

The Elements of Executive Attention in Top Soccer Referees and Assistant Referees

51%

Pietraszewski P. , Roczniok R. , Maszczyk A. , Grycmann P. , Roleder T. , Stanula A. , Fidos-Czuba O. , Ponczek M.

Journal of Human Kinetics

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2014

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tom 40

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nr 1

235-243

EN

The aim of the present study was to compare executive attention of top soccer referees and assistant referees at different levels of professional attainment. The sample consisted of 53 subjects (FIFA and national level) - 30 referees and 23 assistant referees. Executive attention of assistant referees was significantly better than the referees’ (p<0.01). Furthermore, extraclass and international referees demonstrated better executive attention than the first-league referees (p<0.01). The research results have proved that referees’ executive attention differs depending on their function and professional level, as well as indicated that the quality of abilities may influence the number and correctness of decisions made during a game. This elementary cognitive process may be strongly shaped by individual’s experience and age. This finding may be instrumental in screening referees and developing criteria for recruiting future referees.

8

Effect of Variable-Intensity Running Training and Circuit Training on Selected Physiological Parameters of Soccer Players

41%

Ambroży T. , Nowak M. , Omorczyk J. , Wrześniewski K. , Ozimek M. , Duda H. , Mucha D. , Ceranowicz P. , Pałka T. , Stanula A. , Mucha D.

Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine

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2018

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tom 23

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nr 3

25-35

EN

Proper planning of the training process based on individual LT and AT metabolic thresholds is essential to improve athletic performance. Development of endurance in soccer players is mainly based on continuous runs and variable-intensity runs, supplemented with strength conditioning and sport-specific training. The aim of the study was to analyse selected parameters of physical capacity of soccer players after 8-week variable-intensity running training and circuit training. The experiment was carried out in a group of 34 soccer players aged 21 to 26 years. The athletes were divided into two groups: 17 people in the experimental group and 17 people in the control group. The experimental group was involved in 30-minute tempo runs two times a week for 8 weeks with variable intensity at AT. In the same period, the control group performed two 60-minute continuous runs at the intensity of 70-75%HRmax. The determination of metabolic thresholds used two indirect tests: the multistage shuttle run test (beep test) and maximal lactate steady state test (MLSS) with author's own modification. In order to evaluate maximal heart rate (HRmax), the research procedure was started from the beep test (distance: 20 m). The speed at the first level was 8.5 km/h and increased with each level by 0.5 km/h. Training of the experimental group where variable exercise intensity was used caused a statistically significant increase in HRmax (by 1.9%) and blood lactate levels at the AT (by 20.5%). The training in the experimental group led to the statistically significant (p < 0.05) increase in the parameters of the following variables: HRmax (by 1.9%); lactate level (by 7.85); HR at the AT (by 1,9%); lactate level at the AT (by 20.5%). The assumptions of the experimental training did not cause statistically significant changes in pretest vs. posttest HRmax and blood lactate levels for the LT. Endurance training with high intensity is more effective in soccer players compared to training with moderate intensity. Development of special endurance in soccer should also assume the intensity and method of working similar to the method used during sport competition.