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2 Mining Machines

2 2024

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Environmental assessment of the use of emulsion explosives in underground iron ore mining

100%

Khomenko O. , Kononenko M. , Myronova I. , Kosenko A. , Cabana E. C.

tom vol. 42, iss. 1

49--58

The article provides a comprehensive analysis of usingTNT-free explosives (E) in the iron ore mining sector in Ukraine. It delves into thedevelopment and application of a specific type of emulsion explosive known as "Ukrainit," which is free from TNT, with the objective of its adoption in underground iron ore mining operations. Pilot blasting activities were carried out at PJSC "ZaporizhzhiaIron Ore Plant" (PJSC "ZIOP"), selected for its state-of-the-art equipment and advanced ore extraction technology.Through examination of ground-level concentrations of environmentally hazardous substances, the study revealed that the highest levels of carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxide, and dioxide were observed in 2008 when underground mining operations exclusively used100% TNT-containing E. However, by the year 2020, a situation changedwith implementation of a blend comprising 78% "Ukrainit" type EE and 22% TNT-containing explosives, resulting in anotable decrease in the maximum concentrations of environmentally hazardous substances compared to 2008. Specifically, carbon monoxide leveldecreased by 5.0–5.5 times, while nitrogen oxide and dioxide levels decreased by 1.2–1.3 times.Furthermore, useof "Ukrainit" type EE at PJSC "ZIOP" led to a 1.5 times decrease in the environmental hazard index on average (reduced to 36%) compared to the usage of TNT-containing E. These findings underscore the significant environmental benefits associated with the adoption of TNT-free explosives in iron ore mining operations, particularly in mitigating the release of harmful substances and reducing environmental risks.

Management of Scraper-Self-Propelled ore delivery parameters in caving operations

86%

Kosenko A. , Khomenko O. , Kononenko M. , Yegorchenko R. , Starikov G. , Dychkovskyi R.

Mining Machines

2024

tom vol. 42, iss. 4

277--287

This paper analyzes ore delivery methods suitable for the deep-level mining environments of the Kryvbas region. The study focuses on the feasibility and economic advantages of utilizing a combined scraper-self-propelled ore delivery system within sublevel caving operations. Through comprehensive analysis, it is found that the integration of self-propelled equipment significantly enhances the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of ore transport. The proposed delivery method involves using multi-bucket scraper winches for primary ore movement and deploying a self-propelled load-haul-dump (LHD) machine for secondary transport. Economic and mathematical modeling results demonstrate that this combined approach enables optimization of operational parameters, identifying the most effective application ranges for different types of self-propelled LHDs in secondary ore transport. Specifically, the study highlights that the ST7 model of self-propelled LHD is the most cost-effective solution for secondary transport, minimizing specific delivery costs while maintaining productivity. Additionally, the findings provide practical guidance on the optimal usage limits for various self-propelled LHD types, helping to inform equipment selection for enhanced operational efficiency in caving systems. These insights contribute to improved decision-making in mining operations, promoting both economic and technical benefits in high-depth mining scenarios.