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2 International Journal of Ecohydrology and Hydrobiology

2 2005

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Participation of birds in the circulation of pathogenic fungi descend from water environments: a case study of two species of Charadriiformes birds

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Dynowska M. , Kisicka I.

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Mycological studies covered two species of Charadriiformes birds: Dunlin - Calidris alpina (41 individuals) and Ringed plover - Charadrius hiaticula (8 individuals). Swabs were collected from their beaks cavity and cloacae. Fungi (38 strains) were isolated from 29 birds (59.18% of the investigated). The most abundant were the yeast-like fungi (Candida, Cryptococcus, Rhodotorula), substantially dominated by Candida. albicans, which constituted 42.11% of all the fungi obtained. The fungi of the Aspergillus and Cryptococcus genera were found considerably less frequently (23.68% and 15.79%, respectively). The fungi isolated from beaks (19 birds) can be acknowledged as commensals (although parasitism cannot be excluded), whereas the fungi from cloacae (5 birds) may indicate mycosis of the gastrointestinal tract. As all of these fungi are potentially pathogenic to humans and animals, the examined birds were found to be an important link in the epidemiological chain of mycoses, associated with water reservoirs or infected birds.

Enzymatic activity of yeast-like fungi isolated from different types of waters

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Dynowska M. , Biedunkiewicz-Ziomek A. , Kisicka I.

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The goal of the study was to compare enzymatic activities of Candida albicans, Candida guilliermondii and Rhodotorula glutinis collected from different aquatic ecosystems of Olsztyn. The highest enzymatic activity was observed in isolates obtained from astatic reservoirs (isolates of Candida albicans and Rhodotorula glutinis produced the complete set of 19 hydrolases tested). A slightly lower enzymatic activity was observed in isolates from a lake and the lowest in those from a river. The widest enzymatic spectrum as well as high and very high enzymatic activity (20-45 nmols) were found in isolates of Rhodotorula glutinis originating from the lake and astatic reservoirs and in Candida guilliermondii isolates from the lake. Both species are reported by hydrologists as important in the processes of waters self-purification.