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Genes associated with long-chain omega-3 fatty acids in bovine skeletal muscle

100%

Perez R. , Canon J. , Dunner S.

nr 4

Long-chain omega-3 fatty acids (n-3 FAs) influence meat tenderness, juiciness, and flavor, and are beneficial to human health. The percentage of long-chain n-3 FAs in total FAs is termed the omega-3 index (O3I). It is thus of great interest to favor rising this index in bovine skeletal muscle, to obtain healthier, tastier, and more nutritive meat. This study was aimed to detect transcriptomic variations related to O3I in muscles in 15-month-old males of 4 Spanish cattle breeds raised under the same conditions. Through the analysis of extreme O3I phenotypes, 3 genes of interest (AANAT, UCP2 and AHA1) were identified. AANAT and UCP2 were strongly up-regulated, while AHA1 was repressed in animals with a high 031. Moreover, gene expression differed between GDFS-null animal muscles (tested for nt821del11 and Q204X mutations) and the wild-type muscles for genes GDH1, IGF2R, FADS1, ASPH, and AIM1, all showing down-regulation in Asturiana de los Valles calves with muscle hypertrophy (GDF8-null). This shows that in GDF8-null animals other pathways are used for FA synthesis.

Polymorphisms in ten candidate genes are associated with conformational and locomotive traits in Spanish Purebred horses

100%

Sevane N. , Dunner S. , Boado A. , Canon J.

nr 3

Polimorfizm genu PRNP w kodonach 136, 154 i 171 u polskich ras owiec

39%

Niznikowski R. , Luhken G. , Strzelec E. , Lipsky S. , Popielarczyk D. , Erhardt G. , Ajmone-Marsan P. , Bruford M. , Dunner S. , Obexer-Ruff G. , Taberlet P. , Valentini A. , Caloz R. , Georgudis A. , Canali G. , Roosen J. , Crepaldi P. , Togan I. , Vlaic A. , Fesus L. , Ertugrul O. , Abo-Shekada M. , El Barody M. , Hoda A. , Trommetter M.

tom 62

nr 08

938-941

The study was conducted on six Polish sheep breeds (Polish merino, Zelaznenska sheep, Pomeranian, Kamieniecka sheep, Polish mountain sheep and Polish heath sheep). Individual blood samples were collected and DNA was extracted. The frequencies of alleles (ARR, ARH, ARQ, AHQ, VRQ) and its genotypes of PRNP gene were determined according to the RFLP-PCR method. Depending on the breed and sex, a high diversity of polymorphous forms of the PRNP gene was observed. Higher PRNP gene polymorphism was observed in ewes than in rams. The lowest frequency of alleles was determined in three breeds: Polish merino (ARR, ARQ and VRQ), Polish mountain sheep and Polish heath sheep (ARR, ARQ and AHQ). All five of the determined alleles were observed in Pomeranian and Kamieniecka sheep. The most advantageous frequencies of ARR allele occurred in Polish merino, Kamieniecka and Zelaznenska sheep (particularly in ewes). In Polish mountain sheep and Polish heath sheep the VRQ allele was not observed. In the final results, 11 combinations of genotypes occurred in six Polish sheep breeds. The obtained results indicate a need for the construction of an appropriate breeding program for each breed separately. These breeding programs should enable obtaining higher frequencies of ARR allele occurrence and restricting the incidence of other alleles of the PRNP gene, particularly VRQ allele.