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Numerical Simulation of Partial Arc along the Polluted insulation Surface under DC Voltage

100%

Guo F. , Sima W. , Yuan T. , Yang Q.

Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

2012

tom R. 88, nr 11a

272-275

The development of an arc along the polluted surface depends to a great extent on the electric field of streamer at the arc head and the current densities in the wet polluted layer and arc. To investigate the parameters that vary depending on the arc length during the development of an arc, a simplified model of development arc along the polluted surface was established. Based on the numerical calculation of characteristic quantities of electric field and current density in the simplified model, the influencing factors on the development of arc were investigated.

W artykule opisano budowę uproszczonego modelu tworzenia się łuku elektrycznego przez zanieczyszczoną powierzchnię. Na podstawie analizy parametrów pola elektrycznego i gęstości prądu w modelu, określono i zbadano wpływ poziomu zanieczyszczeń powierzchni na rozwój łuku.

Aberrant changes of somatostatin and neuropeptide Y in brain of a genetic rat model for epilepsy: tremor rat

63%

Xu X. , Guo F. , Cai X. , Yang J. , Zhao J. , Min D. , Hao L. , Cai J.

Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis

2016

tom 76

nr 3

Excessive excitation or loss of inhibitory neurotransmission has been closely related to epileptic activity. Somatostatin (SST) and Neuropeptide Y (NPY) are members of endogenous neuropeptides which are recognized as important modulator of classical neurotransmitter, distributed abundantly in mammalian central nervous system. Abnormal expression of these two neuropeptides evidenced in some epileptic models highlights the relevance of SST or NPY in the pathogenesis of epilepsy. The tremor rat (TRM) is a genetic epileptic animal model which can manifest tonic convulsions without any external stimuli. The present study aimed to investigate the distribution and expression of SST and NPY in TRM brains, including hippocampus, temporal lobe cortex and cerebellum. Our RT‑PCR data showed that up‑regulated mRNA expression of SST and NPY was discovered in TRM hippocampus and temporal lobe cortex compared with control (Wistar) rats. The peptide levels of these neuropeptides in brain areas mentioned above were both apparently higher than that in normal Wistar rats as well. However, in cerebellums, neither SST nor NPY was significantly changed compared with control group. The immunohistochemical data showed that SST and NPY were widely present throughout CA1, CA3 and the hilus of hippocampus, the entorhinal cortex of temporal lobe cortex, as well as cerebellar Purkinje layer. In conclusion, our results discovered the aberrant changes of SST and NPY in several TRM brain regions, suggesting that the peptidergic system might be involved in TRM epileptiform activity.