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The pattern of psychophysiological response to emotional stimulation in patients with chronic stuttering

100%

Humeniuk E. , Tarkowski Z.

Acta Neuropsychologica

2020

tom 18(1)

45-66

The aim of the research was to identify the pattern of psycho - physiological response to emotional stimulation in adults with chronic stuttering. The need to tell a lie functioned as emotional stimulation. Reaction to the stimulus was defined as the change of electrodermal activity (EDA), heart rate (HR), thoracic breathing (TB), diaphragmatic breathing (DB) and respiratory rate (RR) observed 10 seconds before and after the emotional stimulation. Reactions were recorded using Professional Computer Polygraph PIK-02 manufactured by Areopag-Center. The subject group included 68 persons with chronic stuttering (PWS) (24 women and 44 men) as well as 62 healthy nonstuttering persons (PWNS) (18 women and 44 men). Adult patients with chronic stuttering were observed to increase the amplitude and reaction field as well as reduce the EDA latency. The researchers also noticed both increased HR and the range of its changes. Respiratory reactions included a lower amplitude of TB, higher increase and major changes within DB as well as minor changes in RR. Adult patients with chronic stuttering display a unique pattern of psychophysiological response to emotional stimulation, which is different from the one found in the control group.

Dimensions of Temperament in Adults With Chronic Stuttering in the Light of I. P. Pavlov’s Theories

100%

Humeniuk E. , Tarkowski Z.

Roczniki Psychologiczne

2023

tom 26

nr 1

5-21

The aim of the study was to determine dimensions of temperament in adults with chronic stuttering in the light of Pavlov’s temperament typology. The test sample consists of a (1) clinical group-adults with chronic stuttering (N = 202); and (2) a criterion group-adults with normal speech fluency (N = 198). The Pavlovian Temperament Survey (PTS) by Strelau and Zawadzki and our own survey were administered. Stutterers, compared to subjects with normal speech fluency, are characterized by a lower level of the excitation process, mobility and balance of nervous processes; they also tend to exhibit a higher level of the inhibition process. The severity of stuttering, the age at which the first symptoms of speech disfluency occur, treatment, evaluation of its effectiveness and intention to undergo therapy do not differentiate stutterers in terms of the considered temperament traits. The temperamental factors of chronic stuttering as per Pavlov’s typology are: increased reactivity to stimuli, reduced ability to adapt to new situations, the ability to flexibly respond to changing conditions, a weak type of the nervous system (lower strength of the excitation process, weaker mobility of the nervous processes), which makes it difficult to cope with challenges encountered and increases susceptibility to mental disorders.

Emotional intelligence of parents and their reaction to a child’s speech disfluency

80%

Humeniuk E. , Tarkowski Z. , Góral-Półrola J.

Wychowanie w Rodzinie

2022

tom XXVIII

nr (3/2022)

29-43

Introduction. The reactions of the father and the mother to a child’s speech disfluency arelikely to differ. The question also arises as to what factors form their reactions. Aim. The aim of the study was the comparison of the mothers’ and the fathers’ reactions to a child’s speech impediment, the assessment of emotional intelligence presented by the parents of children who stutter, as well as establishing the relationship between the emotional intelligence of the parents and their reaction to a child’s speech impediment. Material and method. The research involved 30 mothers and 30 fathers of 3-6-year-old stutterers (comprising 22 boys and 8 girls). Results. Reactions of the mothers and fathers to a child’s speech disfluency are similar, whereas the intensity of emotional reactions towards sons was statistically significantly higher (p<0.05) in the mothers than in the fathers. Both the overall level of emotional intelligence and the levels for individual scales were statistically significantly higher in the mothers (p<0.05, p<0.01, p<0.001). A positive relationship of medium strength was found between the capacity for empathy and the cognitive scale as well as between the ability to control their own emotions and the behavioural scale in the mothers. In the fathers researched in this study, a positive relationship of medium strength between the ability to empathize and the emotional scale was observed. Conclusion. The level of emotional intelligence appears to be a factor which shapes parents’ reactions to children’s speech disfluency.