Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

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Karolina Ćwiek-Rogalska, Zapamiętane w krajobrazie. Krajobraz kulturowy czesko-niemieckiego pogranicza w czasach przemian, Scholar, Warsaw 2017

100%

Salwa M.

Polish Journal of Landscape Studies

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2019

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tom 2

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nr 4-5

135-139

EN

-

2

Gardening: (De)Constructing Boundaries

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Salwa M.

Eidos. A Journal for Philosophy of Culture

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2022

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tom 6

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nr 1

36-48

EN

This paper discusses gardening as a practice that may be useful in reconsidering how landscape boundaries can be experienced. The assumption is that one should think of landscapes as “entities” which are material, but at the same time may be said to exist only insofar as they are experienced by humans. As such, they are always bounded. In order to show how gardening may be helpful in shaping the boundaries of landscapes two approaches to gardening are discussed: one treats gardening as a model of creating order and eliminating all that which is seen as alien to it (Zygmunt Bauman), the other – claims that gardening requires respecting nature (Gilles Clément).

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Rzymski antykrajobraz

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Salwa M.

Konteksty - Polska Sztuka Ludowa

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2023

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tom 342

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nr 3

24-34

EN

The intention of this article is to show how a traditional aesthetic comprehension of the landscape results in overlooking landscapes regarded as degraded. Such an approach appears to dominate contemporary perceptions of Italy, resulting in their depiction as Bel Paese, whose panorama is sometimes disturbed by ugly sites. In turn, unsightliness is regarded as the outcome of, i.a. a lack of sensitivity on the part of the inhabitants. Such an omission, however, is an act of injustice. The article‘s substance is a confrontation of a vision of Rome as seen by Georg Simmel and a depiction of the Eternal City in the documentary film Sacro GRA (2013); the director presents the daily life of the residents of the region of an extensive Roman urban highway, which can be easily described as anti-landscape. Such a confrontation also serves a depiction, based on selected examples, of the way in which the comprehension of the landscape in Italian literature from the second half of the twentieth century changed: by acquiring an ethical dimension the landscape ceased to be an exclusively aesthetic phenomenon.

PL

Celem artykułu jest pokazanie, jak tradycyjne, estetyczne rozumienie krajobrazu skutkuje przeoczaniem krajobrazów uważanych za zdegradowane. Tego rodzaju spojrzenie zdaje się dominować we współczesnych wyobrażeniach o Włoszech, na skutek czego jawią się one jako Bel Paese, którego panoramę bywa zakłócana brzydkimi miejscami. Ich brzydota ma zaś wynikać m.in. z braku wrażliwości krajobrazowej mieszkańców. Tego rodzaju przeoczenie jest jednak aktem niesprawiedliwości. Osnową artykułu jest konfrontacja wizji Rzymu zaoferowanej przez Georga Simmla z obrazem Wiecznego Miasta pokazanym w filmie dokumentalnym Rzymska Aureola (2013). Jego reżyser ukazuje codzienne życie mieszkańców okolic rzymskiej obwodnicy, które łatwo opatrzyć mianem antykrajobrazu. Konfrontacja ta posłuży także pokazaniu na wybranych przykładach, jak zmieniło się rozumienie pojęcia krajobrazu we włoskiej literaturze przedmiotu 2. połowy XX wieku: krajobraz przestał być wyłącznie zjawiskiem estetycznym, nabierając wymiaru etycznego.

4

The Garden as a Performance

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Salwa M.

Estetika: The Central European Journal of Aesthetics

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2014

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tom 51

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nr 1

42-62

EN

The aim of this article is to suggest that one should think of gardens in terms of performances and not necessarily in terms of architecture, painting, or poetry, for it is possible to show that, strangely enough, gardens seem to share certain features with performance arts. Such an approach seems fruitful since it allows one both to grasp the fact that gardens combine culture and nature and to underline the role of the latter, which cannot be reduced to a sheer medium as is traditionally done. The contention is that gardens should be treated more like a continuous, dynamic, partly planned process in which people can participate in different ways on a par with other non-human ‘actors’. Moreover, the category of performance seems to offer a useful framework helping to solve certain problems inherent in traditional ways of thinking about gardens.

5

Estetyka, etyka i logika ogrodu. Filozofia Rosaria Assunta

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Salwa M.

Artium Quaestiones

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2015

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nr 26

79-99

PL

The essay offers a philosophical interpretation of the concept of the garden according to the contemporary Italian aesthetician Rosario Assunto (1915–1994). Assunto systematically developed a philosophical theory focused on the question of the identity of the garden. He was interested in the “idea of the Garden” which, in his opinion, determined historical gardens both at the ontological and epistemological level. He defined the garden in terms of a happy connection of man and nature, based on the aesthetic contemplation of beauty, characteristic of all the gardens regardless of historical differences among them. According to Assunto, gardens are places which combine together aesthetics, ethics, and logic. This combination determines the unique identity of the garden which takes various forms, depending on the individual poetics of their makers, socio-historical realities, taste, and the correspondent ideas of nature. Assunto’s starting points are thus historical versions of the garden, descriptive literature, and German philosophy of the turn of the 19th century. For the Italian philosopher, gardens have not only historical and artistic, but also ecological aspects, so that they should be protected and restored. Assunto’s theory is a unique proposal which anticipates today’s reflection on the topic of gardens, but seems much more satisfactory than many contemporary approaches (A. Berleant, M. Miller, S. Ross).

6

The Everyday Aesthetics of Public Space

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Salwa M.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Philosophica. Ethica – Aesthetica – Practica

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2019

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nr 33

75-89

EN

The main claim of the article is that everyday aesthetics conceived as a philosophical analysis of everyday objects and situations offers a theoretical perspective that may be applied to the aesthetics of public space. Analysed in aesthetic terms, the public space may be thought to be a space that offers an aesthetic experience to the widest possible public. I contend that the aesthetic quality of public space should be a quality that favours positive experiences of the everyday, banal practices taking place in it. Accordingly, designing public space should consist in making it “everyday experience-friendly.” My argument will be illustrated by the example of a site-specific installation, the Oxygenator, created in Warsaw by Joanna Rajkowska, whose intention was to offer people an ordinary place where they could meet in a “healthy atmosphere.”

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Dialogue with Nature and the Ecological Imperative

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Salwa M.

Eidos. A Journal for Philosophy of Culture

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2020

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tom 4

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nr 4

EN

The aim of the paper is to discuss the idea of dialogue with nature. Even though the idea of dialogue with animals, plants – even objects of inanimate nature – is well known, it has usually been treated as an expression of a naive or folk view. Yet, it has recently gained in importance as an idea that is used to describe an ecological approach to natural environment and tends to be treated as a foundation for an ecological culture. A noteworthy contribution to the reconsideration of the concept of human-nature dialogue has also been given by a number of contemporary philosophers who have offered an environmental reinterpretation of phenomenology and hermeneutics based on, among other things, Martin Buber’s concept of the I-You relationship. The paper will focus on two aspects of the concept of dialogue, namely on its epistemological and ethical implications. Following Erazim Kohák’s theory, which will be presented as a key figure of a particular manner of speaking about nature, one that leads to ecological personalism.

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Historic Gardens as Places of Conflicting Values

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Salwa M.

Ethics in Progress

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2014

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tom 5

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nr 1

96-112

EN

The aim of the article is to present historical gardens as phenomena inevitably pervaded by an ongoing clash of values. The conflict stems from the twofold character of gardens where art (or in broader terms: culture) and nature are combined, which results in a tension between the tendency to remain static and durable that human culture seeks, and the changeability and dynamics that are inherent in nature. This conflict can be characterized by referring to a theory proposed by Austrian art historian Alois Riegl, one of the founders of modern monument restoration theory who identified three types of values associated with monuments: historical value, age value, and present-day values. What is more, one can assume that gardens can be treated as particular tokens of landscape. Thus, the conflict of values within a garden may be seen as a more limited example of the same clash going on at the more general level oflandscape. The argument is illustrated by a short case study of the recent debate over the restoration of the historic Krasinski Garden in Warsaw, Poland.

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Philosophy and the Urban Everyday

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Salwa M.

Eidos. A Journal for Philosophy of Culture

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2023

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tom 7

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nr 2

1-8

EN

Preview: It is not a gross exaggeration to state that philosophy is an inherently urban phenomenon. Born and largely practiced in the Greek polis, it was developed throughout the ages in various places that more often than not were situated within city walls. Even if, udoubtedly, philosophy has never been limited solely to urban spaces, it has become more and more embedded in cities over the centuries. Consequently, from the 19th century on it has been part and parcel of the intellectual life whose main centers have been towns since it has been almost exclusively researched on and taught within academic institutions.

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Współczesna estetyka przyrody – wybrane zagadnienia

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Salwa M.

Edukacja Biologiczna i Środowiskowa

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2014

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nr 4

27-33

PL

Celem artykułu jest zaprezentowanie wybranych problemów, które są szczególnie istotne dla współczesnej estetyki przyrody. Pod uwagę wzięte zostaną zwłaszcza dwie kategorie: krajobraz i środowisko naturalne. Taki wybór jest uzasadniony faktem, że kategorie te stanowią oś dwóch różnych ujęć estetycznego doświadczenia przyrody. Doświadczenie, o którym jest mowa, to „doświadczenie refleksyjne”, które nie jest po prostu spontaniczne i zmysłowe, ponieważ jest ukształtowane przez odmienne zestawy kategorii, artystycznych i naukowych. Można zatem mówić o „estetyce krajobrazu” albo „estetyce środowiskowej”. Kwestia, jak ludzie estetycznie oceniają przyrodę, jest ważna, ponieważ może mieć wpływ na ich postawę ekologiczną.

EN

The aim of the article is to present some of the issues that are particularly important in the field of contemporary aesthetics of nature. This paper primarily takes two categories into account, namely, landscape and natural environment. Such a selection is justified by the fact that they are central to two different approaches to the problem of the aesthetic experience of nature. What is at stake here is a ‘reflexive experience’ that is not so much spontaneous or purely sensual because it is shaped by different sets of categories, artistic or scientific. As a result one can talk of either ‘landscape aesthetics’ or ‘environmental aesthe- tics’. The question of how people aesthetically appreciate nature is important for it may have a practical bearing on people’s ecological approach.

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Wstęp do filozofii dziedzictwa innego-niż-ludzkie

100%

Salwa M.

Kultura Współczesna. Teoria. Interpretacje. Praktyka

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2021

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tom 113

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nr 1

158-171

EN

The concept of heritage can currently apply to both cultural products and the natural environment. Nevertheless, in heritage studies relatively little space is devoted to natural heritage, whereby heritage is almost exclusively identified as cultural heritage. As a result, the philosophy of heritage is essentially a philosophy of cultural heritage. This article seeks to identify two contemporary approaches to natural heritage and its protection. One is founded on the culture–nature dichotomy and calls for the protection of natural heritage by separating it from society. The second arises from the belief in moving beyond this dichotomy and considering natural heritage as an object of human activity that should be protected through sustainable development. Both approaches are reconstructed on the basis of selected theoretical writings and documents pertaining to environmental protection. They are also confronted with the idea of the aesthetic experience of nature – after all, aesthetic properties are included among the most important values of natural heritage.

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Wzniosłość z nami zostanie: postpandemiczna przyroda a kryzys człowieka

63%

Frydryczak B. , Salwa M.

Kultura Współczesna. Teoria. Interpretacje. Praktyka

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2022

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tom 120

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nr 4

14-26

EN

This article aims to analyse the pandemic-driven changes in the perception of nature. It approaches the pandemic as a time of crisis – a critical and attitude-changing moment. The authors argue that due to the pandemic restrictions people started, on the one hand, to appreciate contact with nature and, on the other hand, to notice how the restrictions gave the nature a chance to regenerate itself. In the discussion of these two approaches, the paper refers to Edward O. Wilson’s Half-Earth Project, Emma Marris’s idea of rambunctious garden and William Cronon’s concept of wilderness. The latter two proposals, unlike Wilson’s idea, highlight the need to recognise the wild, untamed and ‘self-willed’ (as Wilson calls it) nature around us, even or especially when it is affected by human actions. As an example of such an approach, the authors explore the theory and practice of Gilles Clément’s third landscape. They also argue that the pandemic is an opportunity to reinvent and reinterpret the category of the sublime. Juxtaposed with the idea of wilderness, it can testify to the special character of natureculture that has emerged in the recent pandemic.