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Wykorzystanie żelaza w starożytnym Egipcie do początku okresu późnego

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Napierała M.

tom 27

131-161

The purpose of this article is to present the use of iron in ancient Egypt up to the beginning of the Late Period. The presentation of the development of metallurgy of this metal will be possible through the analysis of the preserved objects and their fragments, which show the subsequent stages of learning about the new raw material and the gradual adoption of various methods of iron processing. Due to the fact that no traces of iron processing workshops have survived from the times preceding the Late Period, the analysis of the preserved iron artifacts will enable the reconstruction of subsequent stages of the development of this metal metallurgy. Equally important as objects are the sources from which the Egyptians could obtain iron and the routes by which they imported it, because their presence is one of the basic requirements for metallurgy to develop and spread. I in studying the development of iron treatment the texts in which there is terminology describing iron will be also helpful. Furthermore, by reviewing the contexts of its use, it will be possible to enrich knowledge about the metallurgy of this metal. The analysis of the above points will allow to present a complete picture of iron metallurgy in Egypt.

Przełom VII w. p.n.e. w metalurgii żelaza w starożytnym Egipcie

100%

Napierała M.

tom 28

273-297

The aim of the article is to present a breakthrough time for iron metallurgy, which was the beginning of the Late Period, in particular the reign of the XXVI Dynasty. Presentation of this issue will be possible through the analysis of preserved artifacts from this period It shows the variety of used forms of objects and the methods of iron processing. The key to this article is the presence of iron processing workshops in the Greco-Egyptian centers, which are the oldest – discovered evidence of the processing of this metal in Egypt. The analysis of the workshops themselves, the tools used there and the remnants of metalworking preserved will be helpful in studying the development of iron metallurgy in the discussed period. An important part of the work is also an attempt to answer the questions: where did the impulse that introduced workshop iron processing in Egypt come from, and whether the Nubians or maybe foreigners, e.g. the Greeks appearing at the end of the Third Intermediate Period and at the beginning of the Late Period in the country on the Nile? The analysis of the above points will emphasize the groundbreaking nature of the discussed topic.