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2 Journal of Ecological Engineering

2 2022

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Seasonal and Tidal Influence on Surface Water Quality – A Case Study in the Hau River Segment, Vietnamese Mekong Delta Province

100%

Ni D. V. , Viet L. H. , Ly N. H. T.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

2022

tom Vol. 23, nr 8

290--298

The study aimed to evaluate the influence of seasons and tides on surface water quality of Hau River in Hau Giang province, Vietnam. The water quality data were collected at six locations at low tide and high tide. The monitoring parameters included pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solids (TSS), ammonium (NH4+-N), nitrate (NO3--N), orthophosphate (PO43--P), total phosphorus (TP), total nitrogen (TN), iron (Fe) and Coliform. One-way analysis of variance (One-way ANOVA), cluster analysis (CA) and discriminant analysis (DA) were applied to determine the influence of tides and seasons on water quality. The surface water quality was compared with the national technical regulation on surface water quality in column A1 (QCVN 08-MT:2015/BTNMT). The results showed that surface water in the study area had organic pollution and high eutrophication potential. The BOD, COD, TN, TP, Fe and coliform parameters in low tide tended to be higher than those in high tide. Five parameters, including TSS, TP, TN, PO43--P and coliform had a significant difference between the wet season and the dry season by DA analysis. Cluster analysis classified the water quality into three clusters, mainly by the BOD, COD, TSS, PO43--P and Fe parameters. The study provides important information on the water quality of the Hau River in the Hau Giang province for water uses and monitoring.

Analysis of Spatial-Temporal Variations of Surface Water Quality in the Southern Province of Vietnamese Mekong Delta Using Multivariate Statistical Analysis

100%

Hong T. T. K. , Viet L. H. , Giao N. T.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

2022

tom Vol. 23, nr 7

1--9

The study aimed to assess the variation in surface water quality in the Tien Giang province, Vietnam, and at the same time identify the main sources of water pollution. The surface water quality samples were collected at 34 locations (NM01-NM34) with 17 surface water quality indicators in March, June, September and November in canals and rivers in the Tien Giang province. Multivariate statistical analysis methods, including principal component analysis (PCA), cluster analysis (CA) and numerical discriminant analysis (DA), were used to analyze the variability and key indicators affecting the effect of multivariate statistical analysis. The analysis results show that the surface water quality in the study area is contaminated with organic (low DO, high BOD and COD) and nutrients (NH4+-N, NO2--N, PO43--P and TP), salinity (high Cl-). The PCA results showed that 14/17 surface water environmental parameters to be monitored are pH, temperature, TSS, BOD, COD, NH4+-N, NO2--N, PO43--P, TP, SO42-, Cl-, coliform and Fe. The PCA analysis showed that PC1-PC4 accounted for 79.70% of the variation in surface water quality in the study area. Potential surface water polluting sources include hydrological regime, domestic waste, agricultural production, industrial production activities. The CA results showed that 34 monitoring locations can be reduced to 27 locations, with a frequency of 4 times/year to ensure surface water quality representativeness. The DA indicated that the indicators of EC, SO42- and Cl- made the difference of the surface water quality between the wet and dry seasons. The current results provide important information on the current state of water quality for different uses and contribute to the improvement of the surface water quality monitoring system in the Tien Giang province.