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EN
Ship collision risk index is the basic and important concept in the domain of ship collision avoidance. In this paper, the advantages and deficiencies of the various calculation methods of ship collision risk index are pointed out. Then the ship collision risk model based on complex plane, which can well make up for the deficiencies of the widely-used evaluation model proposed by Kearon.J and Liu ruru is proposed. On this basis, the calculation method of collision risk index under the encountering situation of multi-ships is constructed, then the three-dimensional image and spatial curve of the risk index are figured out. Finally, single chip microcomputer is used to realize the model. And attaching this single chip microcomputer to ARPA is helpful to the decision-making of the marine navigators.
2
Content available remote Direct Buck-type AC-AC Converters using VSC Metod
100%
EN
The researches on direct AC-AC converters have been an important field. The DC-modulated method, which was used in DC-DC converters before, is used in AC-AC converters to realize a direct AC-AC converting now. The traditional control method regulates the output by adjusting the duty ratio. Its’ core is the PWM technology. In this paper, the variable structure control (VSC) strategy was utilized in Buck-type AC-AC converters. The simulations and experiments proved that the VSC controller was more efficient and faster response.
PL
W artykule zaprezentowano różne typy strategii sterowania wykorzystywane w przekształtnikach AC-AC typu buick. Symulkacje i badania wykazały wyższość sterowników typu VBSC.
EN
A novel 9, 10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO) graft γ-amino propyl triethoxy silane (KH550) was synthesized and introduced on the surface of wood fi ber. Finally DOPO-g-KH550 treated wood fi ber (DKTWF) was used to prepare DKTWF composite phenolic foams (DKTWFCPF). The structures of DOPO-g- KH550 was acknowledged by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (1 H-NMR). The structures of DKTWF were confirmed by FT-IR. Compared with wood fi ber, the diffraction peaks’ position was basically unchanged, but the crystallinity was slightly increased and thermal stability were dramatically improved, T5%  and Tmax  increased by 21.9° and 36.1° respectively. But the char yield (800°) was slightly reduced. With the dosage of DKWF, there were different degrees of improvement including the mechanical properties, flame retardancy and microstructure of DKTWFCPF. Comprehensive analysis, the interfacial compatibility was signifi cantly improved between DKTWF and phenolic resin, and the suitable content of DKTWF was 4%.
4
Content available remote Overhead Line Fault Section Positioning System Based on Wireless Sensor Network
88%
EN
This paper introduces overhead line fault detection and location system as the core of industrial control computer. The combination of software and hardware, the methods of current rate of change and zero current detection are used, and so the accuracy of short circuit fault detection is improved. The features of ground phase voltage drop and the 5th harmonic current are integrated. Zigbee wireless chips are used to make into independent signal transmission system. The system has been put into operation, running in good condition.
PL
W artykule przedstawiono system detekcji i lokalizacji awarii w sieci napowietrznej do implementacji w komputerze przemysłowym. W metodzie brana jest pod uwagę m. in. wielkość zmian prądu oraz obecność prądu kolejności zerowej, co poprawiło dokładność wykrywania awarii. Zastosowano także bezprzewodowe łącze Zigbee w celu zwiększenia niezależności przesyłu sygnałów w systemie. Badania potwierdziły poprawność działania.
EN
Aluminum (Al) nanoparticles were prepared by the DC arc plasma method in order to study the influence of Al nanoparticles on the thermal decomposition of cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine (RDX). The Al powder was characterized by TEM, BET, XRD, and LSA, and the thermal decomposition of RDX and RDX/nanometer Al were examined by DSC. Based on the DSC curves, the thermal decomposition parameters of the samples were calculated and compared. The results showed that the particles of Al are homogeneous and fine, and that the surface is smooth. The TEM results showed that the nanoparticles are spherical, with an average diameter of approximately 60 nm. The peak temperature of RDX decomposition decreased by 4.36 K at the heating rates of 5, 10, and 20 K/min after the addition of nano-Al powder, and the activation energy for decomposition decreased by about 11 kJ/mol. Furthermore, the critical explosion temperature was also reduced. These observable changes indicate that Al nanoparticles act as catalysts for the thermal decomposition of RDX.
EN
Under normal physiological conditions, the majority of hepatocytes are in the functional state (G0 phase). After injury or liver partial hepatectomy (PH), hepatocytes are rapidly activated to divide. To understand the mechanism underlying hepatocyte G0/G1 transition during rat liver regeneration, we used the Rat Genome 230 2.0 Array to determine the expression changes of genes, then searched the GO and NCBI databases for genes associated with the G0/G1 transition, and QIAGEN and KEGG databases for the G0/G1 transition signaling pathways. We used expression profile function (E t ) to calculate the activity level of the known G0/G1 transition signal pathways, and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis 9.0 (IPA) to determine the interactions among these signaling pathways. The results of our study show that the activity of the signaling pathways of HGF, IL-10 mediated by p38MAPK, IL-6 mediated by STAT3, and JAK/STAT mediated by Ras/ERK and STAT3 are significantly increased during the priming phase (2–6 h after PH) of rat liver regeneration. This leads us to conclude that during rat liver regeneration, the HGF, IL-10, IL-6 and JAK/STAT signaling pathways play a major role in promoting hepatocyte G0/G1 transition in the regenerating liver.
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