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Description of selected practical properties of materials produced based on fine-fraction inorganic waste

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Zawada A. , Lisiecka I. , Iwaszko J.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

2014

tom Vol. 63, nr 2

86--92

Purpose: The paper attempts to evaluate the materials produced by sintering fine fraction waste materials in terms of chemical inertness in the aquatic environment, as well as mechanical strength, scratch and abrasion resistance. Design/methodology/approach: Slag from a solid waste incineration plant and broken packaging glass were used in studies. The tests were performed on cylindrical samples obtained in the process of pressing, with variable amount of raw materials and fraction (fine fraction < 63 μm, thick fraction 100-63 μm). Microscopic analysis (optical microscope) was carried out for obtained sinters, open porosity was determined via hydrostatic weighing, and also resistance to ions leaching in a water environment was studied using the method of specimens boiling in distilled water during 60 minutes followed by measurement of water pH. Abrasion resistance was also assessed via friction of the surface by a freely rotating metal ball (ball tester) as well as resistance to scratching with a diamond. Findings: Microstructural analysis allowed to evaluate the morphology of the examined sinters specifying the size and shape of individual pores, which have a significant effect on the pH value. Definitely a much higher wear resistance of sintered materials showed fine particle and high slag content. This is confirmed by the results of scratch tests conducted on scratch-tester. Research limitations/implications: The obtained results are very promising. Utilisation of such waste in the production of e.g. traditional tile lining is an alternative to natural raw materials. The technology of such products manufacture based on the studied waste is less complicated, economically and environmentally more favourable. However, additional studies are needed, which would enable selecting parameters for designing and producing ceramic floor and wall linings. Practical implications: The research led to characterize slag as raw material, for which, despite diverse chemical composition, it is possible to obtain stable, reproducible levels of the final product properties, so that they are useful for the production of many glass-crystalline building materials. Originality/value: The processes for the production of new products such as building materials and aggregates, will reduce the storage of waste and save natural resources.

Mikrostruktura i właściwości powłoki Na2O-CaO-SiO2 na powierzchni spiekanych popiołów lotnych

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Zawada A. , Lisiecka I. , Iwaszko J.

tom Vol. 35, nr 5

430--433

W pracy zrealizowano wstępne badania szkła sodowo-wapniowo-krzemianowego w aspekcie zastosowania na powłokę ceramicznych materiałów spiekanych, otrzymanych na bazie surowców odpadowych. Analizie poddano szklanokrystaliczną powłokę Na2O-CaO-SiO2. Zeszklona, o jedwabistym połysku powłoka często jest uznawana za niedopalone szkliwo, czy nawet bywa określona mianem „półszkliwa”. Oceniono istotne dla mechanizmu zniszczenia parametry, takie jak: mikrostruktura materiału (skład fazowy, morfologia faz) oraz twardość. Zbadano odporność na zarysowanie powłoki, określono parametry, takie jak: siła i współczynnik tarcia oraz głębokość zarysowania. Na podstawie otrzymanych wyników badań stwierdzono, iż proponowana powłoka cechuje się dobrymi właściwościami fizykochemicznymi, takimi jak powszechnie stosowane szkliwa w produkcji płytek ceramicznych.

The preliminary study was carried out of soda-lime-silicate glass in terms of application of the coating of sintered ceramic material, obtained on the basis of waste materials. Analyzed glass-ceramic Na2O-CaO-SiO2 coating. Vitrified, a silky gloss coating are often considered to be unburned enamel, or even sometimes described as „half-glass”. Rated important for the mechanism of destruction parameters such as: microstructure of the material (phase composition, morphology of phases) and hardness. Examined the scratch resistance of the coating, such as the parameters determined: friction force, friction coefficient and penetration depth. Based on the obtained results it was found, that proposed (suggested) coating is characterized by a similar physicochemical properties, widely used in the manufacture of tiles glaze.