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Synthesis and Characterization of Hydroxyapatite/Titania Composite and Its Application on Photocatalytic Degradation of Remazol Red B Textile Dye Under UV Irradiation

100%

Sukarta I. N. , Sastrawidana I. D. K.

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tom Vol. 25, iss. 2

178--189

EN

This research was conducted to synthesize and characterize hydroxyapatite-titania (HA/TiO2) composites and test their photocatalytic degradation activity on the remazol red RB textile dye. The chemical precipitation method was utilized to produce hydroxyapatite (HA) based on the conversion of calcium carbonate presented in sea mussel shells into calcium oxide with a calcination temperature of 1000°C for 2 hours and then followed by the addition of phosphorous acid at pH medium of 11 and sintered at 700°C to obtain an HA crystal. The HA/TiO2 composite at variation weight of HA and TiO2 ratio were prepared with hydrothermal technique and characterized by the FTIR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. A total of 250 mL of 50 mg/L Remazol red RB dye solution was photocatalytically removed using a HA/TiO2 composite irradiated with 25 Watt UV light and using the adsorption method. Characterization results using FTIR, XRD, and SEM-EDX show that the synthesized hydroxyapatite (HA) has a degree of crystallinity of 68% with a Ca/P ratio of 1.66. The highest degradation efficiency of 250 mL of remazol red RB with a concentration of 50 mg/L was achieved at 94.22% in 2 hours of contact time by a photocatalysis treatment employing the HA/TiO2 composite at a ratio of 1:1 in comparison to only 92.23% removal by the HA adsorption process.

2

Laboratory Wastewater Treatment Using a Combination of Anaerobic Bioaccumulation Systems and Plant Biofiltration

80%

Budiarsa Suyasa I. W. , Sukarta I. N. , Diantariani N. P.

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2024

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tom Vol. 25, iss. 4

197--204

EN

Laboratory waste that is disposed of into the environment will have an impact on environmental pollution and threaten human health. Efforts to treat laboratory wastewater must be carried out. This research aimed to analyze the effectiveness of Anaerobic Bioaccumulation Systems with sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) in reducing heavy metals and sulfate ions as well as the effectiveness of plant biofiltration (PB) in reducing biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD) and heavy metals in laboratory wastewater compared to quality standards. In this research, a plant biosystem which uses the principle of phytoremediation was used to reduce the heavy metal content in wastewater. This anaerobic reactor is cylindrical with r of 0.23 m and t of 0.93 m and has a volume of 1.5 m3 . In this tank, there is an SRB initial growth column with a volume 6.7 L. SRB media in the form of 30% compost fermentation solution, Postgate B nutrients with 10% sulfate added to the column. It stimulated with SRB seeds that had been isolated previously, then laboratory waste is added until it fills the column. After being acclimatized for 15 days, the laboratory wastewater began to flow slowly into anaerobic bioaccumulation system. The next stage was a plant filtration system in a size of basin 3.0x1.0x1.0 m with of 4 vertical layers. The bottom layer consists of 20% limestone, 30% coral and 50% sand. The plant used was Sansevieria trifasciata. The research results showed that the SRB Anaerobic Bioaccumulation was effective in reducing heavy metals and sulfate ions by up to 80.6% with a residence time of 24 hours after growing SRB for 15 days PB is effective in reducing BOD, COD and heavy metal content to meet the specified quality standards with a residence time of 30 hours after plant acclimatization for 15 days. The combination of the SRB anaerobic accumulation and PB system worked effectively with a total residence time of 2.25 days, which was marked by a decrease in all test parameters to below the specified quality standards.

3

Conceptual Model of Water Pollution Control Strategies in the Lower Sentani Watershed Post Flash Flood Using the Swot Method

80%

Walukow A. F. , Triwiyono , Sukarta I. N.

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tom Vol. 23, iss. 3

120--129

EN

The problem that occurs downstream of the Jembatan Dua river is that it has been polluted by the parameters of BOD, COD and PO4 with the results of the measurements being 3 mg/L, 37 mg/L, and 0.3 mg/L, respectively. This study aims to analyze the conceptual model of pollution control strategies in the downstream Sentani watershed. The method used in this research is the SWOT (Strength, Weakness, Opportunities, Threats) method with four SWOT strategies, namely SO (Strength-Opportunities), WT (Weakness-Threats), and WO (Weakness-Opportunities). The results showed that the pollution load of TDS and TSS continued to increase from 2016-2019. The conceptual model of the strategy for controlling water pollution in the downstream Sentani watershed is the SO (strength-opportunities) strategy with coordinates (0.26; 0.18). This SO strategy needs to be implemented in the short term, namely: utilizing internal strengths to capture external opportunities. SO strategies include: Increasing environmental law enforcement, increasing leadership commitment and the role of government institutions in handling pollution and mainstreaming sustainable development, and making the lake an ecotourism area by keeping the lake unpolluted.

4

Development of Heavy Metals Bioaccumulation on Anaerobic Support System with Sulfate Reducing Bacteria Media

80%

Suyasa I. W. B. , Sukarta I. N. , Suprihatin I. E.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2024

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tom Vol. 25, nr 7

295--304

EN

Heavy metals in wastewater come from processes related to heavy metals as raw materials and contaminants. Heavy metals pose a significant threat. Bioaugmentation technique that utilizes communities of microorganisms to bioaccumulation heavy metals from wastewater. However, the application of SRB in anaerobic system installations for wastewater treatment needs to continue to be developed with more practical applications. In this study, the enriched SRB colony source was applied to an anaerobic tank. The grown SRB is used to extract heavy metals from wastewater with the addition of sulfate and supporting nutrients. Throughout the treatment process, the anaerobic system with SRB consistently maintained a sulfate removal efficiency of 87–88%, indicating continued sulfate consumption activity by the SRB colony. Despite the high initial concentration of heavy metals, the system effectively removed>91% of Pb, Cd, Zn, and Cr on days 15, 30, and 45. Additionally, the system reduced the Cu content by 43.6%, thereby reaching peak metal removal heavy. the level was 85% on day 30 and decreased slightly to 83% on day 45. This study bridges the gap in understanding the application of SRB in wastewater treatment systems with effective performance.

5

Utilization of Khamir (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) as Adsorbent of Remazol Red RB Textile Dyes

80%

Sukarta I. N. , Ayuni N. P. S. , Sastrawidana I. D. K.

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tom Vol. 22, iss. 1

117--123

EN

Adsorption is considered the most efficient and simple method that requires low costs. In this study, firstly, yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) was used to adsorption the Remazol Red RB dyes to analyze the efficiency of yeast as an adsorbent of textile dyes as well as determine the particle size, pH, and optimum contact time. Testing of the particle size parameters was done with variations of 100, 170, and 200 mesh size. The optimum conditio was obtained in the particle size variation amounting to 200 mesh size with efficiency %E of 56.49%. Subsequent testing was conducted with variations in pH (5.6, 7, 8, and 9). The optimum condition was obtained at pH 6 with efficiency %E of 60.35%. The dyestuffs were conquerable with variations in time of 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 hours, the largest %E gained was 90.01% throughout 4 hours. Secondly, the research also aimed at identifying the isotherm adsorption pattern. Adsorption in Remazol Red RB dyes fulfilled the isotherm pattern of Langmuir with a correlation coefficient R2 of 0.9521 and the maximum capacity of the yeast adsorption of 0.07 mg/g. Further research is expected to expand the analysis variation and the type of textile dyes used which can be applied to the actual textile dyes waste.

6

Policy Priority Model for Management of Lake Sentani Waters Degradation After Flash Floods Using the A'WOTMIC Method

71%

Walukow A. F. , Triwiyono , Lumbu A. , Gultom M. , Sukarta I. N.

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tom Vol. 24, nr 6

239--248

EN

Most of the pollution levels of Lake Sentani waters in the Expo watershed (92%) have been mildly and moderately polluted, while only a small proportion (8%) still meet quality standards. The condition of the level of heavy pollution will be dangerous for the life of living things, especially fish and have an impact on humans. This study aims to analyze the priorities of the Sentani Lake pollution management policy in the strength-opportunity (SO), strength-threat (ST), weakness-opportunity (WO), and weakness-threat (WT) strategies with the A'WOT method. The results showed that the policy priorities that first needed to be implemented immediately in the SO strategy were to Improve Enforcement of Environmental Law with an eigen value of 0.196. The priority of the policy strategy that first needs to be immediately implemented in the WO strategy is to make regional regulations by utilizing Government and community support with an eigen value of 0.267. The first policy priority that needs to be immediately implemented in the ST strategy is to use government authority in the environment to control environmental pollution and damage with an eigenvalue of 0.494. The first policy priority needs to be immediately implemented in the WT strategy is to improve environmental law enforcement so that lake water is not polluted with an eigen value of 0.202.