The situation for divorced and remarried couples in the Catholic Church is one of the most arduous contemporary questions. Having said this, the strict Roman attitude on this issue has evolved from the strict teaching of Jesus himself. The first part of the article consequently discusses the accounts of Jesus’ divorce teachings preserved in the synoptic gospels and in Paul’s First Letter to the Corinthians. Each place is considered in its own context and differences are observed. The second part of the article traces the evolution of the Catholic divorce doctrine from the early church to the pontificate of Benedict XVI and presents several suggestions proposing how to help those people in their severe life situation.
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Richard Špaček (1864–1925) is primarily known as Professor of dogmatic theology and Dean of Sts Cyril and Methodius Faculty of Theology in Olomouc. It is, however, less known that he began his academic career as a New Testament scholar. This article analyses his paper “The Fourth Gospel in Protestant Scholarship”, published in the periodical Journal of the Catholic Clergy (Časopis katolického duchovenstva) in 1909. I claim that Špaček composed this text, which is a compilation of several German sources, with two intentions. First, he aimed at providing the Czech Catholic clergy with an answer to the translation of Harnack’s History of Dogma. Second, he struggled to provide a solution to historical‑critical questions, which would be in accord with the recent decision of the Pontifical Biblical Commission.
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The article deals with the newest document of the International Theological Commission “God the Trinity and the Unity of Humanity. Christian Monotheism and its Opposition to Violence”. Concretely, its use of the Bible is analyzed. The document focuses, on the one hand, on the most important biblical message: God initially offers salvation to Israel, and consequently to the whole of humankind; he overcomes the law of revenge through the cross of Jesus Christ and does so without compromising truth and justice. It discusses, on the other hand. the violence in the Old Testament too superficially and completely neglects all controversial pericopes of the New Testament (e.g. the cleansing of the Temple, the prophecy about bringing fire to the earth). If the International Theological Commission does not deal with these issues, it risks a criticism of being too eclectic and presenting Christianity in an embellished, but unreal way.
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Although the synoptic gospels provide a great deal of attention to the accounts and discussions of Jesus’ exorcisms, John’s gospel remains completely silent on this point. The first part of the paper evaluates four possible explanations of this John’s attitude and concludes that John avoided mentioning exorcisms intentionally, but without denying their historicity. The second part seeks to explain this by arguing that John considered exorcisms unsuitable for expressing the proper meaning of Jesus’ ministry.
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The aim of the article is to present the document Theology Today: Perspectives, Principles and Criteria by the International Theological commission from the point of view of biblical scholarship. It firstly shortly introduces the three biblical scholars involved in the preparation of the document and makes certain general remarks about its connection to exegesis. It consequently discusses closely the Biblical basis of the twelfth criterion proposed: theology as wisdom and as science. Finally, it connects certain conclusions to the contemporary situation of theology in the pluralistic world.
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Jan Hus treated the theological virtue of hope in his commentary to the 3rd book of the Sentences of Peter Lombard (distinction 26). The text provokes Hus to ask three questions: Is the definition of hope by Peter Lombard correct? Is hope a virtue? Is it possible to have hope without love? In my paper, I analyse Hus’ answers to these questions including their sources. Jan Hus is mostly in agreement with the great scholastic theologians and when he criticizes Tomas Aquinas, he can support his position by means of the authority of St. Augustine.
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