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EN
Pityrosporum pachydermatis was isolated from 28% of the samples collected from clinically positive cases of dermatomycosis in dogs. In two cases Pityrosporum was isolated together with dermatophytes. The aim of the investigations was to determine a frequency of P. pachydermatis infections in dogs with dermatomycosis and to evaluate the drug resistance of the isolated strains. Samples collected from dogs were cultivated on Sabouraud agar with actidion for 3 weeks at 30°C. In additional, microscopic examinations were carried out. The inoculated plates were read for fungal growth in 3-5 day intervals. After 3-4 days of incubation, small colonies of P. pachydermatis were observed although the incubation temperature was lower than that optimal for P. pachydermatis growth. Drug sensitivity was determined by the disc method and by ATB-Fungus Bio-Merieux Kit. It was found out that P. pachydermatis may be the only causative agent of derma- tomycoses and that it may also be isolated together with other dermatophytes (Microsporum, Trichophyton). The isolates appeared to be significantly sensitive to imidazole, low sensitive to 5-fluorocytosine, imidazolederivatives and nystatin.
RU
Цель работы состояла в определении MIC линкомицина содержащегося в противоспирохеточных препаpатах, для штаммов Treponema hyodysenteriae, изолированных в Польше, а также в оценке профилактической и лечебной эффективности Linco-Spectin в борьбе с дизентерией свиней (DS), MIC 90 линкомицина для Т. hyodysenteriae составлял 20 µг/мл. Linco-Spectin 100 применили 2-кратно профилактически в течение 7—10 дней в корме в дозе 5 мг/кг М.Т., что предотвращало у 1040 свиней заболевание DS, Linco-Spectin 100, употребленный для лечения в течение 7 дней в дозе 10 мг/кг м.т. на 2 фермах (1057 свиней), вызывал исчезновение клиничеемких симптомов через 24—48 часов. На этих фермах не наблюдалось возвращение болезни. Похожие результаты получили на 6 фермах у 3253 свиней, где лечили больных DS свиней препаратом Linco-Spectin 44 в дозе 88 ppm в корме 5 дней. При употреблении же метронидазола отмечали повторные заболевания в стаде. Хорошие результаты профилактического употребления метронидазола против DS получили при дозе 20 мг/кг м.т. после ввода в течение 7 очередных дней. MIC для метронидазола составлял 0,1—1,5 µг/мл. Через некоторые время на тех же самых формах MIC для метронидазола составлял уже 15 µг/мл. Доза 20 мг/кг м.т., употребляемая в лечении, не предотвращала повторных заболеваний DS в стаде. Ронидазол в дозах, рекомендуемых проузводителем, был не эффективен в борьбе с DS MIC 220 составлял 7,5 µг/мл. Результаты работы внушаают, что Linco-Spectin является эффективным средством для предотвращения и лечении дизентерии свиней в Польше.
EN
The purpose of the work was to determine MIC of lincomycin with respect to the strains of Treponema hyodystenteriae isolated in Poland and assess the prophylactic and therapeutic effect of Linco-Spectin in the control of swine dysentery (SD). It was found that MIC of lincomycin regarding T. hyodysenteriae was 20 µg/ml. Linco-Spectin 100 was being administered for 7—10 days at the rate of 5 mg/kg of body weight; the antibiotic protected the pigs under study (1040) against SD. Linco-Spectin used for the treatment of 1057 pigs (10 mg/kg) for 7 days caused the cessation of clinical signs within 24-48 hours. No recurrence of the disease was observed. Similar results were noted in other six farms including 3253 animals, where the pigs were cured with Linco-Spectin 44 (88 ppm in fodder) for 5 days. In contrast using metronidazole there was noted the recurrence of the disease. Positive results of prophylactic usage of metronidazole was reached at the rate of 20 mg/kg given far 7 consencutive days. MIC of metronidazole was 0.1—1.5 µg/ml. However, after some time MIC of the drug was 15 µg/ml. At the rate of 20 mg/kg of metronidazole used for the treatment did not protect the animals from SD. Ronidazole applied according to the prescriptions was ineffective in the control of SD; its MIC was 7.5 µg/ml. The findings indicate that Linco-Spectin may be an effective drug in the prophylaxis and treatment of swine dysentery.
EN
The taxonomy of porcine intestinal spirochete isolates is defective, and thus it is of great interest to find methods suitable for use in differentiating pathogenic from nonpathogenic strains of this microorganism. The purpose of the present study was to establish properties suitable to differentiate porcine Serpulina isolates. Biochemical properties of 163 field isolates and reference strains isolated from dogs have been determined. In order to differentiate S. hyodysenteriae, S. hyodysenteriae biotype II and S. innocens it is necessary to use physiological tests (hemolysis) and biochemical tests (indole production, sugar fermentation, API ZYM) and serological tests (precipitation, microagglutination, to a lesser extent growth inhibition test) with specific cross absorbed antisera. All strains of S. hyodysenteriae were characterized by indole production, about 10% of the strains fermented fructose, but did not ferment mannitol and did not produce galactosidase and β-glucuronidase. Less than 50% of the strains of S. hyodysenteriae biotype II produced indole, not many fermented mannitol, all isolates produced phosphoamidase, while not many isolates produced α-galactosidase and β-glucuronidase. Strains of S. innocens were characterized by a lack of indole production, all fermented mannitol, not numerous produced phosphoamidase, all produced α-galactosidase and about 50 % of strains produced β-glucuronidase. Strains of S. hyodysenteriae and S. hyodysenteriae biotype II mostly belong to serotype two and they did not react with antisera for S. innocens. In order to improve routine laboratory diagnostics of swine dysentery the authors suggest performing tests for hemolytic activity, indole production, API ZYM test and, if possible, serological typing.
EN
The experiment was carried out on 20 piglets. The vaccine was being administered per os with fodder to 10 piglets at a dose of 3 ml (1.5 X 1010 ml-1) for 10 days. The number of E. coli in the faeces was determined in 5 piglets prior to and at day 5 and 10 in the course of vaccination and at day 5, 10 and 15 after the vaccination. In the next experiment in addition to the number of E. coli the numbers of Lactabacillus, Streptococcus and Staphylococcus-Micrococcus sp. were also determined. In this experiment the number of bacteria was counted prior to and at day 5 and 10 of the vaccination, and at day 10 after vaccination. At day 10 and 15 after the vaccina­tion there was observed a decrease of E. coli colonies. During and after vaccination an increase of Lactoba­cillus sp. was noticed. No differences in the number of Streptococcus or Staphylococcus-Micrococcus sp. were found in the control and experimental piglets.
RU
Цель работы заключалась в проверке терапевтического аффекта инъекционной формы тиамулина Tiamowet-200 вып. Biowet Гожув Влкп. в лечении дизентерии свиней. Определили чувствительность к тиамулину 28 штаммов Treponema hyodysenteriae. У штаммов изолированных в 1982—1986 гг., средняя величина MIC составляла 6,1 µг/мл и, в 1985— 1986 г. возросла до 0,5—1,0. Не показали токсичности тиамулина у свиней, получавших его в дозе 30 мг/кг м.т. 3 очередных дня. Оценку лечебной эффективности Tiamowet-200 провели на 200 свиньях, больных дизентерией. Этих животных лечили индивидуально, вводя средство внутримышечно в дозе 10 мг/кг м.т. Исчезновение типичных симптомов дизентии отметили у 82,5% свиней после 1-кратного, у 14,5% после 2-кратного и у 3% после 3-кратного ввода средства. Tiamowet-200 оценивали также на 7 свиньях, инфицированных экспериментально. 4 свиньи, лечимые 1-кратной дозой 10 мг/кг м.т., и 3 свиньи, получавшие похожую дозу, выздоровели. От 1 свиньи, которой вводили средство i-кратно, через 32 для изолировали Treponema innocens. Показали, что в кратное время (48—120 ч.) после лечения возваращается к корму число кишечных бактерий. Tiamowet-200, вводимый в инъекции в суточной дозе 10 мг/кг м.т. 3 очередных дня высокоэффективен в лечении дизентерии свиней.
EN
The aim of the study was to evaluate the therapeutic effect of Tiamulin injection — Tiamowet-200 (Biowet) in the treatment of swine dysentery. Susceptability of 28 strains of Treponema hyodysenteriae against Tiamulin was tested on agar medium. The MIC value was in the years 1982—83 0.1 µg/ml and in the years 1985—86 0.5—1.0 µg/ml. No toxic effects were observed in pigs after injection of Tiamulin at a dose of 30 mg/kg b.w. daily for 3 consecutive days. Therapeutic value of Tiamowet-200 was evaluated in farms on 200 swines suffering from swine dysentery (SD). Pigs wete treated intramusculary with 10 mg of Tiamulin/kg b.w. daily. Diarrhoea typical for SD was not observed in 82.5% pigs after one injection (24 h) in 14.5% after two injections and 3% after three injections on consecutive days. Tiamowet-200 was also tested clinically on 7 pigs showing typical symptoms of SD. Four animals were treated intramusculary once with 10 mg of Tiamulin/kg b.w. daily and three pigs were treated three times on three consecutive days. Only T. innocens was isolated after 32 days from one pig treated with Tiamulin in injection. After treatment with Tiamowet-200 the number of facultative anaerobic fecal bacteria was tested on 6 pigs. Bacterial counts typical for healthy pigs were observed within a short time 48—120 hours. Treatment of SD with Tiamowet-200 given once daily for three consecutive days was highly effective.
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