Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Impact of the Technological Path on Some Soil Properties on Loess Slope

100%

Kruk E.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

|

2019

|

tom Vol. 20, nr 2

169--176

EN

Investigations of horizontal and vertical changes of soil moisture and soil compaction on eroded loess slope, were the aim of the work. The study was performed on a farm in the municipality of Brzeźnica [N50°8’33,03, E18°13’16,31] (Province of Silesia, Poland). The research and collection of soil samples were carried out on 20.07.2017. On the day of the measurement, the slope was covered with winter wheat. The soil moisture and compaction degree were monitored at 36 points in the experimental area. The distance between the points along the slope were: 25 m (points: 1, 1a, 1b – 6, 6a, 6b), 50 m (points: 6, 6a, 6b – 11, 11a, 11b) and 200 m (points: 11, 11a, 11b – 12, 12a, 12b), while across the slope, the distances were 2 m apart. The vertical changes were determined based on the measurements at depths: 0–5, 5–10, 10–15, 15–20, 20–30, 30–40, 40–50 and 50–60 cm. Soil moisture were carried out using device of the TDR HH2 type. The soil moisture was ranged between 2.8% and 28.0%. The degree of compaction was determining using the Eijkelkamp manual penetrometer up to a maximum depth of 80 cm. The statistical analysis includes depths up to 30 cm. The soil compaction values ranged between 0.24 and 2.66 MPa. There were large differences between the values of examined parameters both horizontally and vertically in relation to the location on the slope. The horizontal and vertical distributions of the investigated parameters were elaborated using the analysis of variance, three-way, where the independent factors were: road and location 2 and 4 m from it (factor A), depth (factor B), and position along the slope (factor C). The analysis of variance showed that in the case of compaction, there is a statistically significant effect of the technical path and distance from it, and depth, on the formation of this property. In the case of soil moisture, the analysis of variance showed a statistically significant effect of the technical road and distance from it, as well as the depth, on the shaping of this property.

2

Use of Chosen Methods for Determination of the USLE Soil Erodibility Factor on the Example of Loess Slope

100%

Kruk E.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

|

2021

|

tom Vol. 22, nr 1

151--161

EN

The investigations were carried out on a loess slope in the Brzeźnica village, in the Rudnik commune. Nine points were chosen, in which particular parameters being parts of the examined models, were determined. On the basis of the literature, eight models for the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) erodibility factor determination were designated. The chosen models were the ones proposed by: Wishmeier, Monchareonm, Torii et al. and Walker (all based on texture and organic matter content, Wischmeier and Smith (based on texture organic matter content and additionally on aggregate classes), Wiliams et al. (based on texture and organic carbon content), Renard et al. as well as Stone and Hilborn (both based only on texture). The investigated site was characterized as well. The statistical conclusions were drawn and the obtained results were compared with the results presented in the literature.

3

Influence of Physico-Water and Retention Ability of Chosen Post-Industrial Waste Regarding Natural Use

51%

Kruk E. , Klatka S. , Ryczek M.

|

tom Vol. 25, nr 2

182--189

EN

In the work there were presented results of investigations of physico-water properties and water retention ability of chosen post industrial waste in the aspect of natural management. Soil water characteristic curves were determined in pressure chambers with porous ceramic plate and parametrized to the van Genuchten equation. The obtained results show, that the less advantageous retention ability has flotation waste and coal mud, the medium one metallurgical and soda waste. The best retention properties have energetic and heat energetic waste. The determined soil water characteristic curves can be the base for evaluation possibilities of natural management of the investigated waste. The carried out investigations, supplemented by examination of chemical properties enable to choose optimal methods of biological reclamation of landfills where are deposited.

4

Changes in hydraulic and physico-water parameters of surface waters under the influence of anthropogenic activities in the Western Carpathians

45%

Kruk E. , Halecki W. , Petryk A. , Ryczek M. , Chmielowski K.

Journal of Water and Land Development

|

2024

|

tom no. 62

115--127

EN

To evaluate the quality of watercourses in the Western part of Carpathians from a hydro-chemical perspective, a systematic approach is required. This involves gradually excluding factors that contribute to the washing, mixing, and transportation of contaminants in the watercourse pathway. The model that considers spatial dependencies by autoregression was implemented in this study to determine the correlation between hydrodynamic and physico-chemical characteristics of waters at surface in different groups and forms of catchment use. The surface water at forested areas had the maximum average shear stress of 0.178 N∙m-2. The watercourse at sustained grassland had the maximum average Reynolds number (Re) of 23,654 and the minimum number of 0.426 at arable lands. Spatial autoregression analysis revealed space-time relations in various measurement points. When constructing the space-physical model, it is important to consider the influence of hydraulic characteristic parameters on the generation of physicochemical indicators in the flysch basin. Specifically, it may be beneficial to take into account the turbulent diffusion coefficient. The autoregression analysis demonstrated that for the ions P-PO4 3- and K+ in surface water on cropland and for total iron and the cation K+ on grassland (p < 0.05), the turbulent diffusion coefficient proved to be of great importance. The study did not identify any physicochemical dependency for woodland surface waters. The findings can be utilised to create an erosion model that considers the contribution of material supply in a catchment area, specifically from weathered Carpathian flysch or surface runoff, to the alimentation of alluvial deposits.