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Edukacja muzyczna okiem filozofów i teoretyków: krótki zarys problematyki

100%

Piotrowska A.

tom 8

177-188

The paper argues that the contemporary model of musical education, as we know it today, has been shaped over a long process conditioned by the general reception of music as a form of art on the one hand, and on the other remaining in direct relation with various pedagogical concepts. The article, as an attempt to highlight the most influential trends affecting the model of musical education throughout the ages, demonstrates how the role of music in human life was interpreted in Ancient, Medieval and Modern periods. The author presents opinions on music and education as articulated by philosophers, pedagogues, psychologists, but also music theorists and composers. Finally, the paper critically discusses contemporary questions that arise in reflections on musical education pertaining to its essence but also its purposes, methodology, etc.

The Effect of Using Effective Microorganisms on the Changes in the Chemical Composition of Spring Wheat

63%

Piotrowska A. , Boruszko D.

tom Vol. 23, nr 6

50--57

The world’s noticeable population growth is associated with an increased demand for agricultural products. The search for new solutions to increase crop productivity while ensuring environmental stability is becoming a key role. One such method is the use of the biopreparations containing Effective Microorganisms. EM consist of about 80 species of selected aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms, which have the ability to restore the biological balance. Professor Teruo Higa of Ryukyus University in Okinawa is the creator of Effective Microorganisms. When added to agricultural ecosystems they stimulate plant growth, improve the condition of soils affected by excessive use of chemical fertilizers allowing insoluble forms of elements to be transformed into plant-available forms and protect them from certain diseases and pests. This solution is an ecological alternative to conventional technologies and does not further pollute the ecosystem, which is crucial. Organic fertilizers in the form of EMs are made using live microorganisms they do not only deliver nutrients to the soil but also allow inactive ones to become available. With improved nutrient uptake and protection from soil pathogens, plants develop and grow better for improved yields. They contain organic matter and one or more biologically active organic compounds (amino acids, vitamins) as well as macroand microelements that stimulate plant growth and development. They provide plants with essential substances, which are naturally synthesized in many complex biochemical processes, causing energy savings that can be used for other transformations in the plant.

Analysis of the Influence of the Application of Effective Microorganisms on the Dynamics of Spring Wheat Emergence

63%

Piotrowska A. , Boruszko D.

tom Tom 23

684--693

Deterioration of the natural environment as a result of violation of its natural structures and self-regulatory mechanisms causes an urgent need to replace chemicals with effective and multidirectional biopreparations. Reduction of the amount of chemicals used in agriculture becomes possible through the use of Effective Microorganisms. This will reduce the burden on the environment. Agriculture that uses EM technology can count on help with germination rates; emergence uniformity; and crop yields, for example. EM formulations contain a mixture of different coexisting microorganisms. The following paper presents the results of own research on the use of Effective Microorganisms in seed dressing of spring wheat. It was shown that the microbial preparation EM Naturally Active affects the increase of wheat seed germination dynamics.