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2 Journal of Applied Genetics

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Mapping QTLs for -amylase activity in rye grain

100%

Masojc P. , Milczarski P.

nr 2

115-123

Genetic control of alpha-amylase activity in rye grain was investigated by QTL mapping based on DS2 ? RXL10 intercross consisting of 99 F5-6 families propagated at one location during four vegetation seasons. A wide range of variation in -amylase activity and transgression effects were found among families and parental lines. This variation was shown to be determined in 40.1% by 7 significant (LOD score not less than 2.5) and 2 putative QTLs (2 < LOD < 2.5) distributed on all rye chromosomes except 4R. Two significant QTLs located on 3RL and 5RL chromosome arms were expressed each year. The third significant QTL was detected in three years (1RL). The other four significant QTLs (2RL, 5RS, 6RL, 7RL) were found in one year of study. The number and composition of QTLs were specific for a given year varying from three to six. QTLs were not correlated with isoenzyme polymorphisms at the structural alpha-Amy1 loci. A QTL associated with a region containing the alpha-Amy3 locus was detected on chromosome 5RL. Both high- and low-activity QTL alleles were found in each parental line, which explains the appearance of transgressive recombinants in the segregating population.

Genetic diversity among cultivars of spring barley revealed by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD)

70%

Kuczynska A. , Milczarski P. , Surma M. , Masojc P. , Adamski T.

nr 1

43-48

RAPD (random amplified polymorphic DNA) polymorphism was studied in 23 malting and non-malting spring barley cultivars included in the official list of Polish cultivated varieties. Twenty-four 10-mer primers were tested in each cultivar, giving altogether 149 amplification products, 45% of which were polymorphic. The number of polymorphic bands revealed by one primer ranged from 1 to 6, with an average of 2.8. Genetic distance for all pairs of compared varieties was estimated and a dendrogram was constructed using unweighted pair group method of arithmetic means. The genetic distance between cultivars ranged from 0.11 for cvs. Apex and Bryl to 0.62 for cvs. Orthega and Madonna. Of the seven malting cultivars only two (Brenda and Stratus) formed one group at D = 0.25. The genetic distance between cvs. Brenda and Scarlett, especially recommended for brewery, was equal to 0.34. The detected polymorphism appeared to be sufficient for assessing genetic distances between cultivars, but on the basis of this polymorphism groups of malting and non-malting cultivars were not clearly distinguished.