Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Koronne artykuły wojskowe w okresie interregnum po śmierci Zygmunta Augusta

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Łopatecki K.

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2012

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tom 15

11-29

EN

The author presents the shaping of the (codified) military law system during the interregnum that followed the death of King Sigismund Augustus, and analyses the process of shaping of the regulations in force in individual military formations in the context of the particular organisational solutions in the royal (crown) army.

PL

Autor przedstawia kształtowanie się systemu prawa wojskowego (artykułów wojskowych) w okresie bezkrólewia po śmierci Zygmunta Augusta. Wskazując na partykularyzm organizacyjny armii koronnej, analizuje proces kształtowania i zawartość obowiązujących w poszczególnych formacjach przepisów.

DE

Der Autor stellt die Gestaltung des Militärrechts (der Artikel zur Verteidigung) in der Zeit des Interregnums nach dem Tode von Sigismund II. August dar. Er weist auf den organisatorischen Partikularismus der Armee der Krone hin und erforscht den Gestaltungsprozess und den Inhalt der für die einzelnen Formationen geltenden Vorschriften.

2

Poglądy Floriana Zebrzydowskiego dotyczące ufortyfikowania, obrony i poddania twierdz

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Łopatecki K.

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2015

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tom Białostockie Teki Historyczne, 2015, tom 13

EN

The article presents views of Florian Zebrzydowski (Hetman of the Crown, Greater Castellan of Lublin) concerning preparedness of castles for defence and the admissibility of their surrender. Zebrzydowski was the first person in the Commonwealth to formulate the need to rebuild castles and to introduce bastion fortification. He stressed that it was important to build field fortifications and to construct provisional tower fortifications next to castles. As far as organizational matters are concerned, he divided the army in such a way that only 10% of soldiers stood guard while maintaining vigilance. Finally, he was critical about his contemporary military practitioners and theoreticians, who considered various circumstances allowing to surrender a fortress. According to the Hetman, the only premise to do so was hunger combined with the lack of possibility to get rescue. Summing up, with reference to the analyzed matter, Florian Zebrzydowski presents the most coherent and rational program among those created by the XVI c. Commonwealth military theoreticians.

3

Nowożytna zabawa w Gospodarstwo a współczesne gry fabularne

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Łopatecki K.

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2015

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tom 26

115-129

EN

The article compares contemporary role playing games with a court game played in the early modern Europe, which in the Nobles’ Republic (Rzeczpospolita Szlachecka) was called The Farm. This game came to the attention of Władysław IV Vasa (Władysław IV Waza), and as a consequence became very popular in his court. To play the game, the participants drew cards with various characters, and then dressed as these personas and role play them. The drawn characters belonged to social groups which were distant to the aristocratic elites. These could have been a soldier, servant, miller, peasant, etc., or residents of other geographical regions, such as Germans, Venetians, Maurs, etc. The article points out the similarities and differences between the two types of games.

4

Sprzedaż dóbr białostockich przez spadkobierców Jana Klemensa Branickiego

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Łopatecki K.

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2015

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tom 23

EN

The article presents the process of taking over real estate inherited from Jan Klemens Branicki by his heirs. After the Great Crown Hetman’s death, any inheritable lands and some parts of counties (starostwa) were handed over “for life” to Izabela Branicka. The widow was entitled to administer the properties and receive income on them until her death. Under the law, after her death the real estate was to be transferred to Jan Klemens Branicki’s sisters, their children, grandchildren and great grandchildren. The rules of annuity were confirmed by a special commission appointed by Delegated Sejm which was held in Warsaw in 1774. Numerous court proceedings lasted as long as until 1800 when Izabela Branicka reached an agreement with the grandsons (brothers Jan Alojzy and Feliks Potocki) and the granddaughter of Krystyna Sapieha of Branicki (Joanna Potocka of Potocki). According to the decisions thereof, any property claims of Hetman’s wife were to be secured on Prussian lands (Bialystok, Tykocin and Choroszcz lands). Soon afterwards, on 22nd September, 1802, Kriegs- und Domänenkammer (Office of War and Crown Lands) purchased Bialystok real estate (their territory is shown on the map attached to the article) whereas Izabela Branicka leased the city of Bialystok since 1st June, 1803. The transaction of Bialystok real estate’s sale was to be terminated a year after their annuity owner’s death. Actually, in an already new political reality, Russian authorities acquired the real estate on 4th March, 1809. The sellers, however, did not receive the money entered in the sale contract (217.970 thalers / 1.307.820 zlotys) because Izabela Branicka heirs’ liabilities had to be repaid (over 619.000 zlotys) as well as Jan Klemens Branicki’s old debts and liabilities. There was a little more than 124.000 zlotys left in cash but thanks to this transaction Choroszcz and Tykocin estates’ debts were repaid. Smaller financial liabilities also burdened estates located in Austrian Partition.

RU

Статья представляет процесс перехода недвижимости к наследникам Яна Клеменса Браницкого. После смерти гетмана Великой Короны все земельное имущество было унаследовано и часть староства перешла в пожизненное пользование Изабеллы Браницкой. Вдова имела право до конца жизни управлять имуществом и получать с него доход. По праву после ее смерти вся земельная собственность должна была перейти сестрам Яна Клеменса Браницкого, их детям, внукам и правнукам. Правила пожизненного наследия подтвердила специальная комиссия, назначенная делегированным сеймом, которая заседала в Варшаве в 1774 г. Множественные судебные заседания продолжались до 1880 г., пока Изабелла Браницка не заключила соглашение с правнуками (братьями Яном Алоизом и Феликсом Потоцким) и внучкой Кристиной Сапегой из рода Браницких (Иоанной Потоцкой из рода Потоцких). Она желала, чтобы все ее имущественые права как жены гетмана, были сохранены в виде прусской собственности (белосктокской, тыкотинской и хорошчанской). После әтого, 22 сентрября 1802 г. Камера Войны и Домен (военно-әкономический орган публичной администрации) купила белостокское имущество (их территорию представляет прилагаемая карта), а Изабелла Браницка с 1 июня 1803 г. арендовала город Белосток. Процедура продажи белостокского имущества, находящегося в пожизненном пользовании, должна была закончиться через год после смерти Изабеллы Браницкой. Очевидно, что в новой реальной политической ситуации русские приобрели имущество в собственность 4 марта 1809 г. Продавцы однако не получили денежной суммы, прописанной в контракте (217 970 талеров/1 307 820 злотых), а также нужно было оплатить обязательства наследникам после смерти Изабеллы Браницкой (более 619 000 злотых), кроме әтого, небольшие долги и задолженности Яна Клеменса Браницкого. Наличными оставалось немного более 124 000 злотых, однако, благодаря әтой операции была погашена задолжненность хорошчанского и тыкотинского имущества, более мелкие финансовые обязательства являлись частью собственности, находяшейся на территории Польши, аннексированной Австрией.

5

Kościół p.w. św. Teresy od Dzieciątka Jezus w Białowieży - ideologiczne uzasadnienie budowy

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Łopatecki K.

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tom 71

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nr 3

369-387

EN

In 1888, possession of the Białowieża Forest passe into the hands of the tsarist rogal family. The Forest was frequently visited by the Romanovs and thus became an important place on the map of the Russian Empire, retaining at the same time it a specific quality as an wrea where two cultures and Christian denominations merge with each other. Raised from as early as 1889 onwards, the palace and Russian Orthodox church were to prove the exterior expressions of this human feature. This text concerns the history of the church of St. Teresa of Jesus the Christchild at Białowieża and the ideological reasoning behind its construction. The main building had gone up by 1931. Ceremonial consecration was carried out on 16th October 1935 by archbishop Romuald Jałbrzykowski.

6

Kozyrscy – ostatni właściciele uroczyska Jaroszówka

63%

Łopatecki K. , Zalewska E.

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2016

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tom 24

EN

The article presents the story of the Kozyrski family who purchased and developed Jaroszówka nature reserve. Konstanty Kozyrski effected the transaction with Mikołaj Trochimowski in 1891. The estate’s development entailed setting up a fish farm, cattle trade and beekeeping. It was undoubtedly one of the best prospering estates in the outskirts of Bialystok during the Interwar Period. In 1940 the Kozyrski family was ranked landlords and deported to Siberia. They returned to Jaroszówka six years later.

RU

В статье рассказывается о судьбе белостокской семьи Козырских, которая приобрела и освоила урочище Ярошувка. Константин Козырский заключил сделку с Миколаем Трохимовским в 1891 г. Недвижимость развивалась за счет основания рыбного хозяйства, разведения коров, а также занятия пчеловодством. Несомненно, Ярошувка была одним из наиболее развитых поместий в пригородах Белостока межвоенного 20-летия. В 1940 г. Козырских назвали помещиками и сослали в Сибирь. Они вернулись в Ярошувку только спустя шесть лет.

7

Pomnik w Uroczysku Jaroszówka – świadek akcji komasacji gruntów w II Rzeczpospolitej

51%

Łopatecki K. , Poniat R. , Zalewska E.

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2014

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tom 23

97-110

EN

The article presents research concerning historical memory in micro scale on the example of a monument erected by a Bialystok burgher Konstanty Kozyrski in 1937 in the Jaroszówka area. Although Kozyrski’s foundation assumed the form of a religious artefact, it was not a simple expression of religiousness, or an ordinary request for the care of supernatural forces. First of all, this action was a physical manifestation of the family’s memory and identity which did not correspond to ethnic and religious consciousness of the majority of their neighbours. Moreover, it was an attempt to legitimise the Kozyrskis’ land ownership in the period of the integration action ran by the state authorities in Poland’s twenty years of independence after World War I. The article shows the alienation of the family from the local community: the Kozyrskis were the newcomers, who emphasized their connection with the town, not the country, they were the members of the Orthodox Church, and they stood out economically owing to preferential legislation under Russification run by the Russian Empire.