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Content available remote Wavelet mapping of sleep spindles in young patients with epilepsy
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EN
Using the wavelet mapping of sleep spindles we investigated influence of focal epilepsy on spindle generation. We found that the maximum of sleep spindle intensity is usually localized away from the epileptic focus. We discuss the possibility of the application of wavelet mapping for localization of epileptic foci prior to epileptic neurosurgery.
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Content available remote Cortical activity during hypoxic hyperventilation
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EN
This study seeks to determine the pattern of electroencephalogram changes during stimulatory ventilatory responses to acute progressive hypoxia. Electroencephalograms were recorded in the 10-20 electrode system during progressive poikilocapnic hypoxic tests based on the rebreathing routine. Healthy subjects were used for he study. A major finding was that hypoxia decreased the power spectra of the alpha activity. The decrease was surprisingly rapid and greater at mild hypoxic desaturation when pulmonary ventilation was about to pick up than during the maximum hypoxic hyperventilation. The possible relation of hypoxic decline in brain bioactivity to the manifestation of hypoxic hyperventilation remains to be elucidated in further studies.
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Content available remote The incidence of sleep apnea in patients with stroke or transient ischemic attack
75%
EN
Disorders of breathing during sleep are defined as cessation or reduction of air flow thorough the upper airway, accompanied by a decrease of oxygen saturation. The results of many studies underline the association between sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) and cerebrovascular disorders. SDB, mostly obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), is believed to be an independent risk factor of stroke and is related to poor outcome and increased long-term stroke mortality. The present study evaluated the frequency of SDB in patients with stroke or transient ischemic attack transient ischemic attack. We studied 43 patients (mean age 68.5 ±11.0), which included 35 males and 8 females, with acute stroke (n=37) and transient ischemic attack (n=6). The assessment included body mass index (BMI), age, cardiovascular risk factors, and localization of stroke. All patients underwent all-night screening for SDB with a portable 8-channel recorder. The apnea/hypopnea index (AHI) for the whole group was 13.3 ±15.2. AHI <5 was found in 16 patients. Overall, SDB was present in 27 (62.8%) patients with stroke and transient ischemic attack, stratified into those with AHI 5-10, (10 patients), 10-20 (8 patients), and AHI>20 (9 patients). In 15 patients, there was an increase in AHI 5 on assuming the supine position. The patients’ mean BMI was 27.8 ±4.7. The analysis of BMI, age, and localization of stroke was not sufficient to identify patients with high risk for SDB. We submit that overnight screening for SDB should be routinely performed in every patient after stroke and transient ischemic attack and it should become a diagnostic tool in neurological departments.
EN
Sleep disturbance is common in Parkinson's disease (PD). In this study we investigated the effect of a novel therapeutic tool, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on sleep quality in PD patients. The study group consisted of 11 PD patients who underwent ten daily rTMS sessions at 15 Hz. Their sleep patterns were monitored with polysomnography. After the stimulation, non-REM stage-1 sleep and the number of nocturnal arousals decreased, thus improving sleep quality. These changes were probably related to the improvement of motor symptoms observed in UPDRS and in the 9 Hole peg test.
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