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EN
This investigation was carried out on 1-3 days old eggs, as well as on 1, 3 and 5 day old larvae. The bee brood was treated with Apiwarol AS or Fumilat in special chambers containing 1/5 of the beehive dadant. The dosage used was 5 times lower than that for normal bee families. In the control group with eggs, 91.9% bees were exterminated and approx. 83% treated with Apiwarol AS. The unfavourable effect of Apiwarol AS was confirmed on 1, 3 and 5 day old larvae. The average exterminated bees from the brood treated with Apiwarol AS was 61.6%, which was 21% lower than in the control group. On the other hand, Fumilat was not so toxic. Eggs treated with Fumilat had approx. 90% exterminated bees. The average exterminated bees from the brood treated with this drug was 84% which was 1.4% lower than in the control group. Apiwarol AS has a greater effect on the reduction of bee body weight when compared with Fumilat. Nervertheless, the 1-day old larva stage of bee life is most sensitive to anti-varroa drugs.
PL
Stwierdzono, że fascioloza u przeżuwaczy w Polsce, stanowi nadal problem ekonomiczny. Ekstensywność inwazji motylicy wątrobowej u bydła, oceniona badaniem poubojowym, w 1992 r. wynosiła 8.81%, w 1993 r. - 7.62% i w 1994 r. - 7.38%, a u owiec odpowiednio - 4.13%, 7.05% i 7.51%, natomiast w ocenie koproskopowej była znacznie wyższa. W 1994 r. - w 5 lat od zaprzestania planowego zwalczania motylicy wątrobowej - największy odsetek bydła zarażonego F. hepatica występował w województwie siedleckim (31.72%), suwalskim (18.59%), łomżyńskim (14.53%) i ostrołęckim (14%). Porównując nasze badania z wcześniejszymi wynikami cytowanych autorów zauważono stopniowe obniżanie się inwazji F. hepatica u przeżuwaczy w Polsce.
EN
It was stated that fasciolosis of ruminants in Poland is still an economic problem. The prevalence of liver fluke in cattle evaluated by post-mortem examination was equal to 8.81% in 1992, 7.62% in 1993 and 7.38% in 1994. In the case of sheep it amounted to 4.13%, 7.05% and 7.51%, respectively. In both species the prevalence of liver fluke was much higher when detected with coprological examination. In 1994, five years after the governmental program of fasciolosis control had been ceased, the highest disease prevalence in cattle was found in the regions of: Siedlce (31.72%), Suwałki (18.59%, Łomża (14.53%) and Ostrołęka (14%). Comparing this survey with previous results obtained by the quoted authors, one can observe a progressive decrease in the infection rate.
EN
A model of an utensil for coproscopic examinations of eggs heavier than water, e.g. eggs of Fasciola hepatica, was developed. It is built out of plexiglass 2 mm thick and is composed of a base with 40 fields, each 8x8 mm in size, a fixed casing 10 mm high and a shelter protecting it from cracking. One square takes in the range of vision of the magnifying glass at 6.3x2.5 magnification. Owing to the marked fields the utensil may be moved and the whole surface of a sediment is examined. Assessment of faeces sediment at a magnification of 6.3x2.5 makes it possible to shorten the time of examination and does not tire eyes. In order to assess the usefulness of the utensil for routine examinations a comparative evaluation of faeces containing 2 eggs of Fasciola hepatica was performed. The first egg in the sample was discovered with in 35 seconds and the time necessary to have a look at the whole sample was over one minute. The utensil can be used in laboratories for ovoscopy and larvoscopy and to assess the intensity of parasite invasion.
EN
The studies were carried out on 3 apiaries in the Olsztyn district. One apiary (K) was located in the suburb of the town, the second (U) in the garden of a farmer and the third (Ł) in the former state farm. The samples bees, honey and propolis, were collected in mid-July from 5 families of each apiary. It was found that the content of chlorinated carbohydrates in the organism of bees and bee-products was dependent on the apiary location. The highest content of HCH was found in propolis (0.0401-0.0502 mg/kg) and in the bees coming from the Ł and K apiaries (0.0193-0.0662 mg/kg). The level of DDT in the bees, honey and propolis was also dependent on the apiary location. The highest amount of DDT compound was found in the bees from the Ł and K apiaries (0.0315 and 0.0312 mg/kg, respectively) and the lowest in honey (0.0043-0.0075 mg/kg).
EN
The increasing number of dogs, including stray ones, was the reason for carrying out the pilot study on the extensiveness of verminous invasion in these animals in four central and 7 suburban quarters of Olsztyn. Fresh samples of faeces taken from 220 dogs, coming from 20 animals from each district, were examined for the presence of parasite eggs and segments of tapeworms and adults nematode forms. The studies revealed mainly the presence of nematodes and to a smaller degree the segments of Diphylidium caninum (1.3%). The extensiveness of parasite invasion commonly ranged from 10 to 45%. Toxocara canis occurred most frequently (11.8%). Moreover, eggs of Ancylostomatidae (2.7%), Toxascaris leonina (1.8%) and Trichocephalus vulpis (1.3%) were found. One can conclude that due to their carrier state of parasites, dogs in towns and cities may constitute a potential health hazard for the inhabitants. This fact is all the more significant since only a small number of animals show clinical signs of infestation.
EN
Studies were performed on 40 sheep infested by coccidia and Strongyloides papillosus divided into four groups. Group I received Vita-E-selen at a dose of 0.1 mg/kg b/w; group II was treated with Systamex at a dose of 7.5 mg/kg b/w; group III received both preparates; and group IV - untreated - served as a control. Vita-E-selen and Systamex were applied at the period of sexual maturation, before mating, at the first week of gestation, 7 days before parturition and 7 days after weaning. Vita-E-selen and Systamex did not affect extensiveness of S. papillosus infestation to the greatest extent during drying period, mating, gestation and delivery. Moreover, there was noted some synchronization of Eimeria spp. and S. papillosus invasion; when increased extensiveness of S. papillosus invasion decreased extensiveness of coccidial infestation. This observation can be explained by the competition of these parasites in colonizing intestinal mucosa and by induced immunity.
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