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nr 2
EN
The effect of vitamins E, C and ß -carotene supplementation in sows on the parameters of antioxidative/oxidative status during the postpartum period was investigated. Twenty four primiparous sows, divided into two groups (experimental and control), were included in the study. After the half-way point of pregnancy until farrowing, each experimental sow received feed supplemented twice a week with 200 mg of vitamin E and 1000 mg of vitamin C, and additionally, 70 mg of ß-carotene were administered via intramuscular injection, on day 14 and day 7 before farrowing. The control group was not supplemented. Blood samples were collected before supplementation (gestational day 57-58), 48 hours and 7 days after parturition. The following antioxidative and oxidative parameters were measured using spectrophotometric methods: glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), vitamin C, vitamin E, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), and sulfhydryl groups (SH groups). In supplemented sows the erythrocyte activity of GSH-Px and CAT was found to be significantly higher on day 7 after farrowing and the activity of SOD was significantly higher at 48 hours postpartum, compared to the control group. The concentration of vitamins C and E in plasma of the supplemented group was found to be significantly higher and the content of TBARS was found significantly lower at both postpartum measurement points, compared to the control group. The content of SH groups was significantly higher on day 7 postpartum, compared to the control group. The study findings indicate that supplementation of pregnant sows with vitamins E, C and ß-carotene in the second half of pregnancy has beneficial effects on the antioxidative/oxidative balance in the postpartum period by increasing the antioxidative potential and reducing lipid and protein peroxidation.
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nr 03
131-133
EN
The number of somatic cells was determined by the California Mastitis Test using Mastirapid (TOK) and the Whiteside test in 5049 samples of milk from milk purchasing sources (PSM) and in 185 samples of milk at street commerce (sold at street markets’ by individual farmers). The hygienic quality of milk was evaluated by the reductase test using resasurine. Whiteside test showed that 64.0% of milk samples from milking by hand, 69.2% of samples from machine milking and 68.1% of milk samples from street commerce contained more than 500 000 somatic cells per one ml. The TOK showed an increased number of somatic cells in 21.3% samples of milk from milking by hand, 30.4% of samples from machine milking and in 37.8% milk samples from street commerce. Only 51.0% samples of milk from milking by hand, 36.2% from street commerce and 33.6% of samples of milk from machine milking were qualified to the 1st class. It was found that the milk from the milk purchasing sources from more than 60.0% of the herds contained an increased number of somatic cells and that in 30.0% of the herds this increase was very clear. These data suggest that in such herds mastitis was present at least in one cow.
EN
The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between histological architecture and progesterone receptor expression as well as proliferative activity in feline mammary fibroadenomatous change (FMFAC) in female cats. The investigations were performed on 16 surgically removed FMFAC diagnosed based on their gross and microscopic appearance. The lesions were divided into 2 groups based on the number of epithelium layers: lesions with two or less ductal epithelium layers formed group A and lesions with more than two layers of epithelial cells were assigned to group B. Moreover, in each group the lesions were classified according to the cellularity of stroma into three subgroups (with poor, moderate and abundant cellularity). Immunohistochemical examinations were carried out to detect an expression of progesterone receptors (PRs) and a proliferative activity (based on Ki-67 antigen expression). The PR expression and Ki-67 antigen expression were significantly higher in epithelial cells than in stromal cells; however, the differences in above mentioned markers in ductal epithelium and stromal cells between studied groups were not significant. The results of this study indicate that there is no relationship between histological appearance, PR expression and proliferative activity in FMFAC. Moreover, a high percentage of PR-expressing cells in duct epithelium may explain the regression of enlarged mammary gland after administration of progesterone receptor blockers.
EN
The aim of the study was to evaluate enzymatic activities of yeasts isolated from inflammatory mammary secretion. The yeasts isolated from cows with clinical and sub-clinical mastitis (134 strains) included: Candida krusei (62 strains), Candida kefyr (48 strains), Candida lusitaniae (17 strains) and Candida famata (7 strains). The API ZYM system was used containing substrates to assess 19 hydrolytic enzymes. Substantial differences in the number and activity of hydrolyses were demonstrated in individual species. In Candida krusei, acid phosphatase showed the highest activity (4.36 points), in Candida kefyr and Candida lusitaniae – leucine arylamidase (4.93 and 4.25 points, respectively), in Candida famata – α-glucosidase (4.75 points). No activity of trypsin, chymotrypsin, α-galactosidase, β-glucuronidase, α-mannosidase or α-fucosidase was observed in any of the yeasts examined.
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2010
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tom 54
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nr 1
105-111
EN
The expression of p53 protein was determined by the immunohistochemical study with CM-1 polyclonal antibody. The investigations were performed on formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue samples of mammary tumours obtained from 131 bitches during surgery. The p53 protein accumulation was detected in 37 tumours (28.24%). No correlation was found between p53 protein overexpression and histological type, tumour size, or regional lymph node status. However, its relationship with a histologic malignant grade approached statistical significance (P=0.067). After the 24-month follow-up period, survival analysis revealed a shortened disease-free survival and overall survival time of the dogs with tumours, which overexpressed p53 protein. Only in the case of survival time, the difference was close to the borderline of statistical significance (P=0.061). The research data presented herein, being not fully explicit, have indicated a correlation of p53 protein accumulation with worse prognosis in canine mammary tumours, although the results do not allow recognising p53 protein accumulation as a suitable prognostic factor.
EN
The aim of the study was to evaluate the slime-producing ability of coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) isolated from clinical and subclinical mastitis in cows. The study was carried out on 100 isolates of CNS obtained from milk of 86 cows from farms located in the Lublin region (Poland). Slime-producing ability was observed in over half of coagulase-negative staphylococci (54.0% of isolated CNS), including 19 isolates of methicillin-resistant staphylococci (95.5% of all MRCNS). Of 22 isolates of CNS responsible for the clinical form of mastitis, 20 isolates (90.9%) produced slime: S. xylosus (7 isolates), S. haemolyticus (6 isolates), S. chromogenes (4 isolates), and S. sciuri (3 isolates), including 9 isolates of MRCNS (45.0%). The remaining 34 isolates of CNS (43.6%) with the ability to produce this exopolysaccharide were isolated from the milk of cows with subclinical form of mastitis: S. xylosus (12 isolates), S. sciuri (9 isolates), S. chromogenes (6 isolates), S. haemolyticus (3 isolates), S. warneri (3 isolates) and S. saprophyticus (1 isolate), including 10 isolates of MRCNS (12.8%).
EN
Milk samples were taken from cows with acute, subacute, chronic, and subclinical mastitis and from healthy cows. The mean activity of lactoferrin (LF) in milk from mastitic cows ranged from 8.9 ±3.0 to 12.1 ±6.9 mU/g protein and was significantly lower than that in milk from healthy cows (29.5 ±15.0 mU/g protein). In group of mastitic cows the highest LF activity was found in cows with chronic mastitis, and the lowest in those with subclinical mastitis. The lactoperoxidase activity in cows with clinical and subclinical mastitis was significantly higher in comparison with healthy cows (1.3 ±1.1 mU/g protein) ranging from 5.5 ±2.6 mU/g protein in subclinical mastitic cows to 8.4 ±5.0 mU/g protein in chronic mastitic cows. Lower LF activities in cows with mastitis than in healthy animals may lead to a decreased antioxidant defence system in mastitic cows.
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