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Toolpath generation method for four-axis NC machining of helical rotor

100%

Lee J. N. , Huang C. B. , Chen T. C.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

2008

tom Vol. 31, nr 2

510-517

Purpose: This paper presented a method for generating the toolpaths for the machining of a helical rotor on five-axis machine tool. Design/methodology/approach: The geometry of the helical rotor is designed based on the ruled surfaces. Through the homogeneous coordinate transformation, the cutter location of the flank milling for four-axis machining can be generated. The postprocessor are developed for converting the cutter location file to the fouraxis numerical control program. Findings: The toolpath generated are verified through solid cutting simulation and a trial cut. The results show that the proposed method is valid and the machining process works well. Practical implications: As a result, modeling based on ruled surface is frequently used in constructing curved surfaces for aerospace industry and precision mechanical parts such as spatial cams, turbines, dies and molds, rotors of pumps, and centrifugal impellers. Originality/value: This paper describes multi-axis toolpath generation using the flank milling method for the helical rotor, the cutter location file can be generated with cylindrical and mill.

Bilateral asymmetrical multiple renal arteries associated with the left testicular artery

100%

Jeon Y. J. , Lee J. N. , Yoon S. P.

Folia Morphologica

2014

tom 73

nr 4

We found 3 right and 2 left renal arteries with asymmetrical origins in a 61-year-old Korean male cadaver, whose cause of death was ‘laryngeal carcinoma’. According to a previous classification, the first and second right renal arteries correspond to the early division and other renal arteries — to the extra renal arteries, except the first left renal artery as a typical renal artery. The third right renal artery ran anterior to the inferior vena cava to the inferior pole of the kidney. The first and second left renal arteries were associated with the inferior suprarenal artery and the testicular artery, respectively. The bilateral asymmetry in the number of renal arteries can be explained by the embryological development, degeneration and persistence of the renal artery in the process of ascending of kidneys (Folia Morphol 2014; 73, 4: 510–513).