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1

Optimization of Palm Oil Boiler Ash Biomass Waste as a Source of Silica with Various Preparation Methods

100%

Bukit B. F. , Frida E. , Humaidi S. , Sinuhaji P. , Bukit N.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2022

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tom Vol. 23, nr 8

193--199

EN

Several studies have synthesized silica from waste. The silica synthesis method from agricultural waste aims to produce high purity silica with low contaminants at an affordable cost. This study synthesized silica from oil palm boiler ash (OPBA) by means of various methods, such as ball milling, coprecipitation, and modification with methyl trichlorosilane (MTCS). XRD characterization results showed that the OPBA synthesized with ballmill and coprecipitation method has the smallest particle size of 14.90 nm. Morphology showed the OPBA obtained by using the ballmill method, the OPBA synthesized with ballmill and coprecipitation method, as well as the OPBA synthesized with ballmill, coprecipitation, and modified with methyl trichlorosilane as spherical particles. At the same time, the FTIR results show an absorption peak which is a characteristic of silica confirmed by the XRF results, where silica content is dominant.

2

Extraction and Characterization of Silicon Dioxide from Volcanic Ash of Mount Sinabung, Indonesia: A Preliminary Study

86%

Hasanah M. , Sembiring T. , Sitorus Z. , Humaidi S. , Zebua F. , Rahmadsyah

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2022

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tom Vol. 23, nr 3

130--136

EN

The study was conducted on the extraction of volcanic ash from Mount Sinabung through the co-precipitation method to recover silicon dioxide (SiO2). The X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis showed that the SiO2 content in volcanic ash was 48.5%, and after extraction, it was 99.1%. The morphology shown by scanning electron microscope (SEM) indicated that SiO2 looks cleaner and tends to be the same size compared to the volcanic ash sample. The average particle size of volcanic ash and extracted SiO2 were 32.28571 ± 2.51259 and 12.97521 ± 0.60657 μm, respectively. The X-ray diffractometer (XRD) analysis showed that the crystal structure of the volcanic ash sample was quartz, maghemite, and cristobalite. Besides, the extracted SiO2 had an amorphous quartz crystal structure. The test conducted using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) resulted in the absorption of 1095.57 cm-1 and 798.53 cm-1 for the Si‒O‒Si and Si‒OH groups which were the groups of siloxanes and silanols, respectively.

3

Carboxymethyl Cellulose Nanoadsorbent for Remediation of Polluted Water

72%

Khairiah K. , Frida E. , Sebayang K. , Sinuhaji P. , Humaidi S. , Ridwanto , Fudholi A. , Marwoto P.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2023

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tom Vol. 24, nr 1

336--348

EN

The development of nanoadsorbents for remediation of polluted water in order to obtain clean and healthy water quality has been carried out, namely the incorporation of chitosan, magnetic, and activated carbon materials. The activated carbon used is the result of the synthesis of banana peel waste nanocrystals, while the magnetic is Fe3O4. The method used in this study is an experimental method with coprecipitation through several stages, namely (1) magnetic synthesis of Fe3O4 by thecoprecipitation method, (2) preparation of chitosan solution, (3) synthesis of activated carbon nanocrystals from banana peel waste by the milling process, (4) merger of the three materials, and (5) characterization with SEM/EDX, XRD, FTIR, BET, PSA, TGA, and AAS to test the performance of the material against polluted water. The study found that 210 minutes was the optimal time for the heavy metal ions Fe, Mn, Zn, and Pb to adsorption.The best sample was sample S4 with a ratio of 1:2:2 with adsorption for Zn 92.43%, Fe 95.44%, Mn 89.54%, and Pb 84.38%. For the heavy metal ions: Mn 5624 mg/g, Fe 5849.4 mg/g, Zn 4894.22 mg/g, and Pb 468.2 mg/g, the Langmuir model was used. The adsorption kinetics showed that the reaction order for Pb, Mn, Zn, and Fe ions varied with pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order. Carboxymethyl cellulose nanoadsorbents are effective in remediating the water contaminated with heavy metals, such as Pb, Mn, Zn, and Fe, meeting the environmental health quality standards for water media for sanitation hygiene purposes.

4

Physical Characteristics of Aceh Traditional Salt and Its Potential as Raw Material for Thermal Energy Storage

72%

Gunawati , Humaidi S. , Setiawan A. , Sirait M. , Jalil Z. , Ramadhani N. , Makruf A. , Riskina S. , Irhamni

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2022

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tom Vol. 23, nr 2

116--122

EN

Thermal energy storage is an important element in order to conserve the energy and optimize the overall efficiency. Development of energy storage system for local purposes requires some information on the raw material which is abundantly available in the local market. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of traditionally produced salt in Aceh in terms of its potential use as a raw material for thermal energy storage. The sample was collected from the Aceh Besar District and treated by heating at temperatures of 400 °C and 800 °C in a muffle furnace. This treatment is carried out to study the changes in properties and define the best procedure for salt preparation. All samples were characterized under a number of techniques including XRF, XRD, SEM/EDS, TGA/DSC analysis, density, thermal conductivity, and electrolytic conductivity. The XRF characterization showed that the local Aceh salt was graded as a category III salt. Furthermore, according to the TGA/DSC characterization, the melting temperature is close to 800 °C, and the enthalpy value is close to 492 kJ/kg. It is ample evidence that the Aceh salt can be used as a thermal energy storage material. Furthermore, increasing the temperature of local salt’s heat treatment contributes to increasing the enthalpy value, crystal size, density, thermal conductivity, and electrolyte conductivity.