Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Optimising the fibre-to-yarn production process: finding a blend of fibre qualities to create an optimal price/quality yarn

100%

Sette S. , Van Langenhove L.

Autex Research Journal

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2002

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tom Vol. 2, no. 2

57--63

EN

An important aspect of the fibre-to-yarn production process is the quality and price of the resulting yarn. The yarn should have optimal product characteristics, while maintaining as low a price as possible. Early optimisation models of the fibre-to -yarn process, based on neural networks and genetic algorithms, were severely limited in their potential applications as they generated unrealistic (ideal) conditions for the process. In this paper, a method is presented to model and optimise the fibre-to-yarn production process which avoids the aforementioned problems. A neural network is used to model the process, with the machine settings and fibre quality parameters as input and yarn tenacity and elongation as output. A constrained optimisation algorithm is used afterwards to optimise the blend of fibre qualities to obtain the best yarns. This result s in an optimal price-yarn quality surface where each point corresponds with a set of blend coefficient s and machine settings. Furthermore, constraints can easily be adjusted to correspond to real-life production environments.

2

Effect of Production Process Parameters on Different Properties of a Nonwoven Spacer Produced on a 3D Web Linker®

80%

Vasile S. , Van Langenhove L. , De Meulemeester S.

Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe

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2006

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tom Vol. 14, no. 4 (58)

68--74

EN

In the field of technical textiles, three-dimensional woven spacer fabrics and knit spacer fabrics are nowadays widely used. Nevertheless, 3D nonwoven structures produced without any threads are still a novel development. Here we examine the possibility of producing nonwoven spacers using 3D Web Linker®, Napco® technology, and study their properties and possible destinations. Two pre-needled monolayers (85% recycled PES 6.88 dtex/97.4 mm, and 15% fusible fibres Co-PES 5 dtex/60 mm) of the same weight were bonded together on a 3D Web Linker® to produce nonwoven spacers, hereafter called Napco structures. A further thermal consolidation process was applied to all the samples, and structures identified as NapcoT were produced. The influence of the monolayers’ weight, technological parameters and thermal treatment on different physical and mechanical properties (weight, thickness, thermal properties, tensile properties and sound absorption coefficient) of the nonwoven spacer fabric was studied, and is presented further. It was found that nonwoven spacers can be produced via the Napco® technology if the length of the fibres, the quality of the monolayers and the technological parameters are correctly chosen and correlated. The majority of the tested properties are influenced significantly by the technological parameters, but only slightly by the thermal treatment.

PL

Trójwymiarowe tekstylne wkładki dystansowe, w tym dziane, są współcześnie często stosowane jako techniczne wyroby włókiennicze. Jednak trójwymiarowe struktury włókninowe, produkowane bez użycia jakichkolwiek nitek są ciągle jeszcze nowymi opracowaniami. W artykule analizowane są możliwości produkcji włókninowych wkładek dystansowych za pomocą urządzenia „3D Web Linker®” technologią Napco, ich właściwości i możliwe zastosowania. Dwie wstępnie przeigłowane warstwy (85% recyklizowanego PES 6, 15% topliwych włókien kopoliestrowych) o tej samej masie zostało powiązanych razem za pomocą „3D Web Linker®” dla wyprodukowania włókninowych wkładek dystansowych, zwanych przez nas strukturami Napco. Następnie wszystkie wytworzone próbki poddano obróbce termicznej dla wytworzenia zmodyfikowanych struktur określonych jako Napko T. Badano wpływ masy wstępnie igłowanych warstw włókninowych oraz parametrów technologicznych obróbki mechanicznej i termicznej na różne właściwości wkładek dystansowych, takie jak masa, grubość, właściwości termiczne, wytrzymałościowe oraz współczynnik pochłaniania dżwięków. Stwierdzono, że włókninowe wkładki dystansowe mogą być produkowane za pomocą technologii Napko®, jeżeli długość włókien, jakość warstw włókninowych i parametry procesu technologicznego są odpowiednio dobrane. Większość badanych właściwości istotnie zależy od parametrów technologicznych, jednak tylko nieznacznie od obróbki termicznej.

3

Polyimide Dielectric Layer on Filaments for Organic Field Effect Transistors: Choice of Solvent, Solution Composition and Dip-Coating Speed

80%

Rambausek L. , Bruneel E. , De Mey G. , Van Langenhove L.

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2014

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tom Vol. 14, no. 3

121-134

EN

In today’s research, smart textiles is an established topic in both electronics and the textile fields. The concept of producing microelectronics directly on a textile substrate is not a mere idea anymore and several research institutes are working on its realisation. Microelectronics like organic field effect transistor (OFET) can be manufactured with a layered architecture. The production techniques used for this purpose can also be applied on textile substrates. Besides gate, active and contact layers, the isolating or dielectric layer is of high importance in the OFET architecture. Therefore, generating a high quality dielectric layer that is of low roughness and insulating at the same time is one of the fundamental requirements in building microelectronics on textile surfaces. To evaluate its potential, we have studied polyimide as a dielectric layer, dip-coated onto copper-coated polyester filaments. Accordingly, the copper-coated polyester filament was dip-coated from a polyimide solution with two different solvents, 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) and dimethylformaldehyde. A variety of dip-coating speeds, solution concentrations and solvent-solute combinations have been tested. Their effect on the quality of the layer was analysed through microscopy, leak current measurements and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Polyimide dip-coating with polyimide resin dissolved in NMP at a concentration of 15w% in combination with a dip-coating speed of 50 mm/min led to the best results in electrical insulation and roughness. By optimising the dielectric layer’s properties, the way is paved for applying the subsequent semi-conductive layer. In further research, we will be working with the organic semiconductor material TIPS-Pentacene.

4

The tensile behaviour of spider silk

80%

Van Nimmen E. , Gellynck K. , Van Langenhove L.

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2005

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tom Vol. 5, no. 3

120--126

EN

Spider silk has attracted the interest of several researchers in recent years because it displays a unique combination of high tensile strength, high breaking strain and an ultra-low weight. Hitherto, the focus has always been on dragline and viscid silk, whereas research on spider cocoon silk is limited. In order to explain the structure-property relationship of spider silk, the stress-strain behaviour of cocoon and dragline silk is compared in this study. It is shown that both fibres have completely different stress-strain behaviours.In addition, the influence of the testing speed is investigated. For cocoon silk, lower testing speeds result in lower strength, stiffness and higher post-modulus. When the stress-strain curve is simulated by an extended Maxwell model, as testing speed increases, the level of the hardening region is higher, the yield region moves to higher strains and the hardening region in the stress-strain curve becomes more horizontal. However, a speed of 20 mm/min can be considered as a saturation point where the effect of the speed decreases. The influence of the testing speed on dragline silk is clearly less pronounced than for cocoon silk. However, a more detailed study of the stress-strain curves of dragline revealed different possible shapes for the stress-strain behaviour of dragline silk.

5

Study of the weavability of elastane based stretch yarns on air-jet looms

80%

De Meulemeester S. , Van Langenhove L. , Kiekens P.

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2009

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tom Vol. 9, no. 2

54--60

EN

Elastane yarns are often used to produce stretch fabrics on knitting machines as well as rapier weaving machines. On air-jet weaving looms their use is still limited. That is why the objective of this paper is to investigate the weavability of elastane based stretch yarns on air-jet looms. Bobbins of elastane were woven on an air-jet loom and a distinction of the bobbins in three categories was made according to the most important production processes for elastane yarn: core twist, core spun and air covered. Yarn properties such as linear density, elongation at break and Air Index value were determined, weaving tests were performed and properties of the resulting fabric were determined.

6

Wrinkle Recovery of Flax Fabrics with Embedded Superelastic Shape Memory Alloys Wires

80%

Vasile S. , Ciesielska-Wróbel I. L. , Van Langenhove L.

Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe

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2012

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tom Vol. 20, no. 4 (93)

56--61

EN

The present study explores the possibility of using superelastic Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) wires to improve the wrinkle recovery of flax fabrics that exhibit very poor recovery from creasing. Three types of hybrid yarns (H1- H3) were developed consisting of a SMA wire (Ni-Ti alloy) as the core, with a textile shield around it. Hybrid fabrics (HF1 - HF3) were developed by embedding the hybrid yarns in both the warp and weft directions of a fabric, to bring about all-direction recovery from creasing. The wrinkle recovery angles (WRAs) of the hybrid fabrics were assessed in both dry (RH 65%) and wet (RH 90%) conditions, and they were compared with those of reference flax fabrics (RF) and forth hybrid fabric (HF0) with Ni-Ti SMA wires embedded. The results showed a significant increase in the Wrikle Recover Angle (WRA) for all hybrid fabrics, from about 40 to approximately 120 degrees. Statistically significant differences were noticed between the WRA of hybrid fabrics HF2 and HF3 in dry conditions, as well as a significant variation in the WRA with humidity for hybrid fabric HF2. In addition, the bending properties of the four hybrid fabrics were assessed, but no significant correlation was found between these properties and the WRA of the hybrid fabrics.

PL

Zbadano możliwość zastosowania superelastycznych stopów z pamięcią kształtu dla poprawy odprężalności pofałdowań tkanin lnianych. Wykorzystano trzy rodzaje hybrydowych przędz z rdzeniem metalowym i oplotem włóknistym. Otrzymane przędze hybrydowe wprowadzano do tkaniny zarówno w kierunku osnowy jak i wątku. Odprężalność pofałdowań badano w stanie suchym i mokrym oraz porównano z odprężalnością tkanin czysto lnianych. Stwierdzono wyraźną poprawę dla tkanin z użyciem wszystkich włókien hybrydowych. Istotnie statystyczne różnice stwierdzono pomiędzy tkaninami, w których zastosowano poszczególne rodzaje przędz hybrydowych. Dodatkowo zbadano właściwości tkanin przy zginaniu, ale nie wykazano istotnych korelacji pomiędzy nimi a odprężalnością pofałdowań.

7

An approach to the 'ProKNIT' system and its value in the production of weft-knitted fabrics

80%

Gravas E. , Kiekens P. , Van Langenhove L.

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2005

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tom Vol. 5, no. 4

220--227

EN

'ProKNIT' is the result of a project based on the consideration that knitted fabrics shrink in both directions, or that some of them shrink in one direction but expand in another. This shrinkage and extension is not proportional; it varies greatly depending on the type of knitted fabric. However, one value that always changes by increasing upon fabric shrinkage is the fabric's weight. Increases in weight from shrinkage will not only increase the cost of production but may also affect the final product in a number of ways. Therefore, a program that would help to avoid problems of this nature could be created which would predict the weight of the knitted fabrics in different relaxed conditions, by using appropriate variables such as knitting machine gauge, yarn count, type of fabric, fabric loop length, tightness factor and courses & wales per unit length, but would not be too difficult to operate. This is how 'proKNIT' came about. The first part of the word 'pro' derives from the Greek meaning 'before'; therefore, the name of the system appropriately refers to the estimations made before a knitting fabric is produced.

8

Current Distribution Modelling in Electroconductive Fabrics

80%

Banaszczyk J. , De Mey G. , Schwarz A. , Van Langenhove L.

Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe

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2009

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tom Vol. 17, no. 2 (73)

28--33

EN

In this paper the current distribution within woven electroconductive textile sheets is investigated. The iterative method of solving very large resistor networks, which is used to model current density in textile sheets, is discussed. Factors taken into account are the conductivity of the fibres, the contact resistance between the fibres, the contact angle between the fibres and supply electrodes, as well as the size and aspect ratio of textile sheets. The influence of these factors on sheet resistivity is discussed. Maps of the current distribution generated with a computer program are included.

PL

W pracy badano rozkład prądu w elektroprzewodzących warstwach tkanin. Przedyskutowano stosowanie iteratywnej metody rozwiązywania bardzo dużych sieci oporów stosowanych dla modelowania gęstości prądów płynących w warstwach tekstylnych. czynnikami, które brano pod uwagę były przewodność elektryczna włókien, oporność przejścia pomiędzy włóknami, kąt kontaktu pomiędzy włóknami i doprowadzeniami prądu, jak również rozmiar badanych próbek. Przedyskutowano wpływ tych parametrów na oporność próbki. Mapy rozpływu prądu wygenerowanych specjalnym programem komputerowym przedstawiono również w artykule.

9

Influence of Pile Height and Density on the End - Use Properties of Carpets

80%

Dubinskaite K. , Van Langenhove L. , Milasius R.

Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe

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2008

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tom Vol. 16, no. 3 (68)

47--50

EN

Nine different face-to-face cut pile carpets were used for the investigation. The raw material of the carpet pile yarns was wool and polyamide blended yarns. The influence of the different structure parameters (carpet pile density and pile height) on the carpet properties was investigated. The deformations occurring in carpets during compression were determined. A compressive load of 100 N was applied to the surface of the carpets, and three cycles of loading were performed. An orthogonal mathematical plan was used to investigate resulting deformations. As regards the total deformation, results showed that both of the structure parameters of the carpets have an influence – in elastic deformation pile density is the parameter which has the biggest influence, and in unrecovered deformation both of the structure parameters have a great influence.

PL

Dla potrzeb badań wyprodukowano 9 rożnych dywanów techniką wytwarzania tkaniny podwójnej z ciętą okrywą. Jako surowca na przędzę okrywy wzięto wełnę, poliamid i mieszanki poliamidu i wełny. Badano wpływ gęstości i wysokości okrywy, na zachowanie się dywanów podczas ściskania. Dywany obciążano siłą 100 N przyłożoną do powierzchni dywanu stosując trzy cykle obciążenia. Dla oceny deformacji stosowano ortogonalny, matematyczny plan badań. Stwierdzono, że całkowite odkształcenie zależy od obydwu badanych parametrów strukturalnych. Na elastyczną deformację okrywy główny wpływ wywiera jej gęstość, podczas gdy na nieodwracalną deformację duży wpływ mają obydwa parametry strukturalne.

10

Reliability testing of PEDOT : PSS capacitors integrated into textile fabrics

80%

Odhiambo S. , De Mey G. , Hertleer C. , Van Langenhove L.

Eksploatacja i Niezawodność

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2014

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tom Vol. 16, no. 3

447--451

EN

Textile-based capacitors have been made from polyethylene dioxythiophene, polystyrene sulphonate (PEDOT:PSS) as the electrolyte and pure stainless steel filament yarns as the electrodes. The capacitor is well integrated into the textile structure, small in size and of light weight. Although they experience a self-discharge, the reliability of the PEDOT:PSS capacitors has been investigated by repeating up to 14 cycles of charging and discharging. Initially, the voltage output turns out to be higher with increasing number of cycles. However, after the fifth cycle, degradation of the cell starts occurring and a decreasing behaviour in the voltage output is observed. One can roughly say that these capacitors could be used up to 10–15 cycles.

PL

Kondensatory tekstylne wytwarza się z mieszaniny poli(3,4-dioksyetylenotiofenu) z polistyrenem sulfonowanym (PEDOT: PSS), pełniącej rolę elektrolitu oraz włókien ciągłych z czystej stali nierdzewnej, pełniących funkcję elektrod. Kondensatory tego typu są dobrze zintegrowane ze strukturą tkaniny, są lekkie i mają niewielkie rozmiary. Chociaż kondensatory PEDOT:PSS ulegają samorozładowaniu, przeprowadzono badania ich niezawodności powtarzając 14 cykli ładowania i rozładowywania Początkowo napięcie wyjściowe zwiększało się wraz ze wzrostem liczby cykli. Jednakże po piątym cyklu, dochodziło do degradacji ogniwa i obserwowano zmniejszanie się napięcia wyjściowego. Można orientacyjnie powiedzieć, że omawiane kondensatory nadają się do użytku przez maksymalnie 10–15 cykli.

11

Bending Measurements from Fabric Touch Tester (FTT) and Standard Methods

71%

Binti Haji Musa A. , Malengier B. , Vasile S. , Van Langenhove L. , De Raeve A.

Autex Research Journal

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2018

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tom Vol. 18, no. 1

51--60

EN

Fabric Touch Tester (FTT) is a relatively new device from SDL Atlas to determine touch properties of fabrics. It simultaneously measures 13 touch-related fabric physical properties in four modules that include bending and thickness measurements. This study aims to comparatively analyze the thickness and bending measurements made by the FTT and the common standard methods used in the textile industry. The results obtained with the FTT for 11 different fabrics were compared with that of standard methods. Despite the different measurement principle, a good correlation was found between the two methods used for the assessment of thickness and bending. As FTT is a new tool for textile comfort measurement and no standard yet exists, these findings are essential to determine the reliability of the measurements and how they relate to the well-established standard methods.

12

Experimental and Numerical Analysis of the Tendon Repair Process Using Tubular Braided Fabrics

71%

Ochola J. , Malengier B. , Daelemans L. , Githaiga J. , Van Langenhove L.

Autex Research Journal

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2018

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tom Vol. 18, no. 2

121--129

EN

This paper presents the experimental and numerical analysis of the potential of a braided fabric for flexor tendon repair. Numerical models of tubular braided fabrics were generated using a python script interface and imported into ABAQUS® while Flexor tendon models were represented as silicone rubber rods. Experimental tests and Finite Element Modelling (FEM) of the flexor tendon repair was undertaken by deploying two tendon ends from opposite sides of a tubular braided fabric. This was done such that the tendon ends meet at the midpoint within the fabric. The tendons were tightly held to emulate a realistic repaired tendon. A displacement driven uniaxial loading was induced on the tendon-fabric assembly sufficient to cause a 2mm gap between the tendon ends. Numerical analysis of the repair potential of a braided fabric in tendon repair was done by analyzing selected fabric parameters that were crucial in tendon repair applications. The results show that changing the parameters of the braided fabrics significantly affected the potential of the fabrics during tendon repair.

13

Influence of Screen Printed Layers on the Thermal Conductivity of Textile Fabrics

71%

Kazani I. , de Mey G. , Hertleer C. , Van Langenhove L. , Guxho G.

Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe

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2018

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tom Vol. 26, no. 5 (131)

70--74

EN

In the smart textile field the combination of textile and metallic materials is rising. In order to conduct electricity in textile, different methods are used. This paper deals with a new measuring method to determine the lateral thermal conductivity of a textile fabric. The technique starts by measuring the temperature distribution on the fabric using a thermographic camera. In addition to that, the method outlined in this paper will also allow to determine the change in thermal conductivity when an electric conducting layer has been screen printed on a textile fabric.

PL

W dziedzinie inteligentnych tkanin wzrasta znaczenie połączeń materiałów tekstylnych i metalicznych. W celu przewodzenia energii elektrycznej w tkaninie stosuje się różne metody. W pracy zaprezentowano nową metodę pomiaru w celu określenia bocznej przewodności cieplnej tkaniny tekstylnej. Technika ta oparta jest na pomiarze rozkładu temperatury na tkaninie za pomocą kamery termograficznej. Oprócz tego, metoda opisana w pracy pozwala również na określenie zmiany przewodności cieplnej, gdy warstwa przewodząca prąd elektryczny zostanie wydrukowana na tkaninie.

14

The Influence of Component Yarns’ Characteristics and Ring Twisting Frame Settings on the Structure and Properties of Spiral, Loop and Bunch Yarns

71%

Grabowska K. E. , Vasile S. , Van Langenhove L. , Ciesielska I. L. , Barburski M.

Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe

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2006

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tom Vol. 14, no. 3 (57)

38--41

EN

The aim of this research is to provide reliable information, provided in the form of statistical models, regarding the possibilities of modifying the structure and the mechanical properties of fancy yarns by changing the component yarns’ characteristics and the machine settings. Three types of fancy yarns (spiral yarns, loop yarns and bunch yarns) were produced via the ring twisting method. The statistical dependencies between (some) component yarn characteristics and machine settings as input and (some) fancy yarn characteristics and structure as output are presented in this paper

PL

Prezentowany artykuł przedstawia wyniki szerokiego spektrum badań dotyczących nitek ozdobnych, prowadzonych w ramach wspólnego projektu międzynarodowego zawartego pomiędzy Belgią i Polską. Celem tych badań było dostarczenie rzetelnych informacji, opartych na wynikach analiz statystycznych, dotyczących możliwości modyfikacji struktury i właściwości mechanicznych wybranych grup nitek ozdobnych w oparciu o parametry charakteryzujące nitki komponentowe oraz parametry opisujące proces produkcyjny (nastawy maszyn skręcających). Wyniki przeprowadzonych badań pozwalają na przedstawienie „przepisów” realizacji różnych typów nitek ozdobnych.

15

Influence of Dry Cleaning on the Electrical Resistance of Screen Printed Conductors on Textiles

61%

Kazani I. , De Mey G. , Klepacko R. , Hertleer C. , Guxho G. , Van Langenhove L. , Napieralski A.

Autex Research Journal

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2016

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tom Vol. 16, no. 3

146--153

EN

Electrically conducting inks were screen printed on various textile substrates. The samples were dry cleaned with the usual chemicals in order to investigate the influence of the mechanical treatment on the electrical conductivity. It was found that dry cleaning has a tremendous influence on this electrical conductivity. For several samples, it is observed that the electrical resistance increases with the square of the number of dry cleaning cycles. In order to explain this observation a theoretical model and a numerical simulation have been carried out, by assuming that dry cleaning cycles introduce a crack in the conducting layer. The theoretical analysis and the numerical analysis both confirmed the experimental observations.

16

Electrical Conductive Textiles Obtained by Screen Printing

61%

Kazani I. , Hertleer C. , De Mey G. , Schwarz A. , Guxho G. , Van Langenhove L.

Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe

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2012

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tom Vol. 20, no. 1 (90)

57-63

EN

The aim of this work was to develop a textile fabric with electrical conductivity. This fabric was made from cotton yarns coated with a solution based on carbon black. This paper reports the results of preparing different recipes using a number of quantities of carbon black particles and other components of the coating mixture, which were tested in order to obtain the best results regarding electrical conductivity. The optimal concentration of conductive particles of carbon black was studied.

PL

W artykule opisano zastosowanie nowej metody uzyskiwania tkanin przewodzących poprzez stosowanie druku sitowego i atramentów przewodzących. Jest to metoda atrakcyjna ze względu na różnorodne zastosowanie i atrakcyjność cenową. Badano oporność powierzchniową tkanin w rożnych stadiach procesu: po druku, po testach ścierania i po praniu. Badane tkaniny wykazywały dobrą przewodność elektryczną po druku i testach ścierania, natomiast po 20 cyklach prania przewodność znacznie się zmniejszyła. Dlatego też tkaniny pokrywano warstwą poliuretanu, dzięki czemu uzyskano dobrą przewodność elektryczną również po wielokrotnych praniach.

17

Performance Study of Screen-Printed Textile Antennas after Repeated Washing

51%

Kazani I. , Declercq F. , Scarpello M. L. , Hertleer C. , Rogier H. , Vande G. D. , De Mey G. , Guxho G. , Van Langenhove L.

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2014

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tom Vol. 14, no. 2

47--54

EN

The stability of wearable textile antennas after 20 reference washing cycles was evaluated by measuring the reflection coefficient of different antenna prototypes. The prototypes’ conductive parts were screen-printed on several textile substrates using two different silver-based conductive inks. The necessity of coating the antennas with a thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) coating was investigated by comparing coated with uncoated antennas. It is shown that covering the antennas with the TPU layer not only protects the screen-printed conductive area but also prevents delamination of the multilayered textile fabric substrates, making the antennas washable for up to 20 cycles. Furthermore, it is proven that coating is not necessary for maintaining antenna operation and this up to 20 washing cycles. However, connector detachment caused by friction during the washing process was the main problem of antenna performance degradation. Hence, other flexible, durable methods should be developed for establishing a stable electrical connection.

18

Morphological and Material Properties of Polyethyleneterephthalate (PET) Fibres with Spores Incorporated

51%

Ciera L. , Beladjal L. , Almeras X. , Gheysens T. , Van Landuyt L. , Mertens J. , Nierstrasz V. , Van Langenhove L.

Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe

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2014

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tom Vol. 22, no. 4 (106)

29--36

EN

Owing to the current demand for textiles with new functionalities and improved properties, there has been a continuous effort to modify Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) materials. In our previous study, we demonstrated that Bacillus amyloliquefaciens spores can be incorporated into PET fibres during extrusion. However, the extent to which they can be incorporated without fundamentally changing the properties of the fibres is unknown. In this work, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), optical microscopy (OM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), a Favimat tensile tester, and Raman and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) were used to study the properties of PET/spore fibres. The tensile strength, Young’s modulus and elongation at break were dependent on the spore concentration. Additionally the degree of crystallinity increased slightly, whereas the melting and crystallisation temperatures remained constant at all spore concentration levels. Nevertheless the properties of the fibres fall within the acceptable range of variation and are found to be as good as normal PET fibres.

PL

Biorąc pod uwagę zapotrzebowanie na tekstylia o polepszonych właściwościach i nowych właściwościach funkcyjnych prowadzone są ciągłe badania nad modyfikacyjny z polietylenu tereftalanowego (PET). W naszej poprzedniej pracy wykazaliśmy,ze zarodniki Bacillus amylliquefaciens można wprowadzić do włókien PET w czasie ich wytłaczania. Teraz badano w jakiej ilości zarodniki te można wprowadzić do włókien bez fundamentalnej zmiany ich właściwości. W pracy stosowano mikroskopie optyczna, SEM, TEEM jak również różnicową kalorymetrie skaningową (DSC), spektroskopię FTIR oraz Ramana oraz badania wytrzymałościowe. Stwierdzono,ze wytrzymałość na rozciąganie, moduł Younga oraz wydłużenie przy zerwaniu zależą od stężenia zarodników we włóknie. Dodatkowo stwierdzono, że stopień krystaliczności lekko wzrasta, podczas gdy temperatura topnienia i krystalizacji pozostają stałe przy wszystkich stosowanych stężeniach zarodników. Badania pozwoliły stwierdzić,ze właściwości włókien z zarodnikami są w granicach akceptowalnych zmian normalnych włókien PET.