The paper presents approach that allows to automate roof area calculation process as well as other accompanying actions. These actions include: figure recognition, calculation of necessary dimensions, recognition of connections between roof surfaces, visualization of the roof in three-dimensional space and calculation of the roof area based on processed data. The aim of proposed approach is to automate as much actions as it is possible to reduce calculation errors and moreover increase the efficiency of whole process. Presented idea has been implemented and then tested for accuracy of calculations and capabilities. Performed tests showed that presented method is flexible and gives relatively small error during roof area calculation.
The level of interest in insurance products among micro-entrepreneurs, their opinion about co-operation with insurance companies, criteria used while choosing own insurer as well as factors hindering the use of insurance policies are presented in the article. The study is based on empirical research conducted among 48 micro-entrepreneurs from Szczecin
The authoress describes the process of commercial credit insurance. Some benefits from insuring the commercial credit for a small-sized enterprise were discussed and the comparison between the insurance and traditional bank products (like the letter of credit and factoring) presented. The empirical part of the article reflects, the research concerning the use of credit insurance by enterprises and the obstacles on the way to applying of the financial insurance in business operations. The conclusions form research based on a questionnaire in 2005 in Great Britain were presented.
The paper presents approach that allows to automate roof area calculation process as well as other accompanying actions. These actions include: figure recognition, calculation of necessary dimensions, recognition of connections between roof surfaces, visualization of the roof in three-dimensional space and calculation of the roof area based on processed data. The aim of proposed approach is to automate as much actions as it is possible to reduce calculation errors and moreover increase the efficiency of whole process. Presented idea has been implemented and then tested for accuracy of calculations and capabilities. Performed tests showed that presented method is flexible and gives relatively small error in case of roof area calculation.
Muscari comosum is a sub-Mediterranean species, very rare and critically endangered in Poland nowadays. A new locality found in 2007 near Pierwoszów (Wał Trzebnicki Ridge) is the 7th existing in Lower Silesia, i.e. it is less than 10% of all known sites. The isolated population consists of 53 specimens and is endangered by anthropogenic impact and a succession of vegetation.
In this paper authors present a simple method for recognizing blurred regions in the image. Proposed algorithm is based on 81 simple features — moments of histogram of image subbands, that were obtained during image decomposition, and ratio derived from gray level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) are used. The method is compared with a different method, that is based on approaches found in literature. To increase the efficiency of algorithms, authors combined three solutions (edge-detection, gray level co-occurrence matrix and fast image sharpness). The aim of the research was to verify whether it is possible to use simpler methods of feature extraction to achieve similar, or even better, results.
Honey is a sweet substance produced by bees, well appreciated in many places and its consumption has been increased either as raw material or as a food ingredient. Its use as food by the consumer, or even for exportation, implies safety inherent in its quality and processing control. Gamma radiation can be applied in food or ingredients for many objectives like pathogens microorganisms’ reduction, disinfestations, and sterilization. The aim of this work was to verify some physicochemical modifications, as well as rheological evaluation of honey submitted to irradiation at 10 kGy. The physicochemical parameters analyzed were: moisture, HMF, free acidity, pH, sugars and ash. The rheological behavior was measured at different temperatures. The results indicated that few changes occurred; the rheological behavior was not impaired and did not present any significant physicochemical alteration.
In this work, the possibility of assessing traditional investment strategy based on the pivot points for using with other than the commonly used criterion is examined. The authors attempted to apply the Matthews Correlation Coefficient (further reffered as MCC) criterion based on a confusion matrix when assessing the strategy to include more factors than the traditional criteria (such as profit, profit vs. Risk, Sharpe ratio, Calmar ratio) and to express these factors by one number. The criterion based on a confusion matrix is, in authors beliefs, unique in this application and gives a fairly valuable estimation of trading strategy. An example of several strategies tested on EURUSD 1h time series in selected intervals in the years 2012-2013 is considered. Among these strategies there is a simple strategy based on the concept of pivot points levels and more complex derivative strategies, based on the vector of optimized values of certain parameters. These strategies are evaluated using both traditional criteria and modification of MCC proposed by the authors.
The paper studies the problem of computing the parameters for investment strategies. Proposed is an innovative modification of Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm for discrete and continuous data. The article shows how discrete and continuous version of the algorithm can be combined in order to achieve the best results. Moreover, the presented algorithm is expanded by a multi-swarm mechanism which allows to achieve better results in a fixed time. The proposed algorithm was tested on a simple investment strategy, based on one of the well known indicators Rate of Change (further referred as ROC) that uses a mixture of discrete and continuous parameters. All the tests were performed on a data gathered from one of the most important of currency pairs — EURUSD.
India is a rich cultural country in which diverse cultural and religious festivals are organized. Idol is an image of a god which is used as an object of worship. After worshipped, these idols are immersed into water bodies. Idols are constructed by plaster of paris, clay, cloths, small iron rods, bamboo and decorated with different paints such as varnish, water colors etc. which can lead to significant alteration in the water quality after immersion. Paints which are used to colour these idols contains various heavy metals such as Mercury, Cadmium, Arsenic, Zinc, Chromium and Lead. Particularly, red, blue, orange and green colours contain mercury, zinc oxide, chromium and lead, which are potent carcinogens. Two heavy metals such as Lead and Chromium also add in the water bodies through Sindoor (a traditional red colored cosmetic powder, usually worn by married women and often used in the festivals). The floating materials released through idol in the river and lake after decomposition result in eutrophication, increase in acidity and heavy metal concentration. Heavy metal pollution caused by idol immersion can damage the ecosystem as it kills fishes, damages plants, blocks the natural flow of the water, causing stagnation. The effects of idol immersion on various water bodies of India like Bhoj wetland, Budhabalanga river, Ganges river, Hussainsagar lake, Kolar river, Sarayu river, Tapi river, Chhatri lake, north and west lakes of Bangalore and Yamuna river have been observed so far. Investigations were carried out to find out the effects of immersion of idols on water quality by collecting and analyzing the water samples from the immersion sites of the rivers. The samplings were done before the immersion, on the day of immersion and after the event and several parameters like Temperature, pH, Dissolved Oxygen, BOD, Dissolved CO2, Conductivity, Salinity, Alkalinity, TDS, Total Hardness, Chlorides etc. are estimated. Most of the studies found significant changes in the water quality parameters during and after immersions. Central Pollution Control Board has formulated guidelines on the practice of idol immersion in water bodies, which should be followed for controlling pollution.
If market repeatability is assumed, it is possible with some real probability to deduct short term market changes by making some calculations. The algorithm, based on logical and statistically reasonable scheme to make decisions about opening or closing position on a market, is called an automated strategy. Due to market volatility, all parameters are changing from time to time, so there is need to constantly optimize them. This article describes a team organization process when researching market strategies. Individual team members are merged into small groups, according to their responsibilities. The team members perform data processing tasks through a cascade organization, providing solutions to speed up work related to the use of remote computing resources. They also work out how to store results in a suitable way, according to the type of task, and facilitate the publication of a large amount of results.
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